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Lee, Moonhee,Ahn, Sunghwan,Cheon, Wonjoong,Han, Youngyih Korean Society of Medical Physics 2020 의학물리 Vol.31 No.4
Purpose: Gafchromic films for proton dosimetry are dependent on linear energy transfers (LETs), resulting in dose underestimation for high LETs. Despite efforts to resolve this problem for single-energy beams, there remains a need to do so for multi-energy beams. Here, a bimolecular reaction model was applied to correct the under-response of spread-out Bragg peaks (SOBPs). Methods: For depth-dose measurements, a Gafchromic EBT3 film was positioned in water perpendicular to the ground. The gantry was rotated at 15° to avoid disturbances in the beam path. A set of films was exposed to a uniformly scanned 112-MeV pristine proton beam with six different dose intensities, ranging from 0.373 to 4.865 Gy, at a 2-cm depth. Another set of films was irradiated with SOBPs with maximum energies of 110, 150, and 190 MeV having modulation widths of 5.39, 4.27, and 5.34 cm, respectively. The correction function was obtained using 150.8-MeV SOBP data. The LET of the SOBP was then analytically calculated. Finally, the model was validated for a uniform cubic dose distribution and compared with multilayered ionization chamber data. Results: The dose error in the plateau region was within 4% when normalized with the maximum dose. The discrepancy of the range was <1 mm for all measured energies. The highest errors occurred at 70 MeV owing to the steep gradient with the narrowest Bragg peak. Conclusions: With bimolecular model-based correction, an EBT3 film can be used to accurately verify the depth dose of scanned proton beams and could potentially be used to evaluate the depth-dose distribution for patient plans.
기술과 정치 사이에서 엔지니어의 사회적 역할과 책임성의 변화
한경희(Kyonghee Han),최문희(MoonHee Choi) 한국사회학회 2014 韓國社會學 Vol.48 No.5
이 연구는 한국의 공학 전문직의 형성과 특성에 대한 사회적 연구이다. 전문직으로써 공학의 발전과정은 근대 국가의 발전 및 산업화 과정과 긴밀히 연관되어 있다. 이 과정에서 공학 전문가들은 자신들의 역할과 책임성에 대한 특정한 인식을 갖게 된다. 우리는 기술 논쟁의 역사에서 중요한 위치를 점하고 있는 세 개의 사례들, 즉 경부고속도로, 당산철교, 4대강 사업을 분석하여 한국공학 전문직의 정체성 구성, 특히 사회적 역할과 책임성이 형성된 과정과 특징을 조사한다. 기술과 정치가 얽히는 다양한 국면을 분석할 수 있는 기술-정치 시스템의 개념을 기반으로 첫째, 한국 공학 전문직의 지배적 이미지와 실천이 형성되는 과정의 특징이 공학 전문직의 정체성과 책임을 규정하는 데 어떤 역할을 해 왔는지를 분석한다. 둘째, 이러한 지배적 이미지가 이후의 기술적 이슈와 논란에 어떻게 영향을 미치고 있는지의 역사적 연계 과정을 탐구한다. 세 번째는 한국 사회의 발전 과정 속에서 공학과 엔지니어의 역할과 책임성에 대한 인식이 어떻게 변화되고 도전받고 있는지를 검토한다. 이 과정을 통해 우리는 한국의 공학 전문직이 탈정치화되고 과도하게 정치화되는 모순적 상황에 처하게 되었다는 것, 그리고 독특한 관료지향성을 갖게 되었음을 밝힌다. 무엇보다 국가로부터의 자율성 확보가 어려운 환경 속에서 한국의 공학 전문가들은 사회적 발언권과 신뢰를 확보하기 위한 중대한 도전에 직면해 있다는 것이다. This is a sociological study on the formation and characteristics of Korean engineer as a profession. The development of engineer as a profession has been closely related to the modern state, its development and industrialization process in particular. The profession of engineer is said to recognize what is its role and responsibility in the relation to the modern state. This study looks into three significant historical cases in Korean engineering and Korean engineer, the construction of Gyeongbu Expressway, the destruction of Dangsan Steel Railroad and the restoration of Four rivers. This study centers on "technology-politics system’ showing how technology and politics are inter-connected each other and how technology becomes the social. Based on the system, this study shows what dominant images and practice are in Korean engineering and engineer and how they have been formed and developed. The profession of engineer has carved them into its professional identity and that influenced on its social role and social responsibility. This study also investigates how the dominant images and practice once formed, has influenced on the following critical social issues, controversies and disputes in technology and engineering. Through the historical change of dominant ideas and practice, this study shows how the three cases on target here are historically linked one another. This study concerns about the change of social role and social responsibility of engineer. It claims that Korean profession of engineer is de-politicalized and at the same time is over-politicalized, and that contradictory within the profession seems to lead to the bureaucrat-oriented direction. Whether the bureaucrat-orientation of the engineer is problematic or not, the profession is sure to take severe damage to its professional autonomy(the ability to decide what kinds of work they would do) on the current context. The profession of engineer now faces challenge of recovering social credibility and regaining social voice.