Dynamic analysis and performance optimization of permendur cantilevered energy harvester

Mojtaba Ghodsi,Hamidreza Ziaiefar,Morteza Mohammadzaheri,Farag K. Omar,Issam Bahadur 국제구조공학회 2019 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.23 No.5

The development of the low power application such as wireless sensors and health monitoring systems, attract a great attention to low power vibration energy harvesters. The recent vibration energy harvesters use smart materials in their structures to convert ambient mechanical energy into electricity. The frequent model of this harvesters is cantilevered beam. In the literature, the base excitation cantilevered harvesters are mainly investigated, and the related models are presented. This paper investigates a tip excitation cantilevered beam energy harvester with permendur. In the first section, the mechanical model of the harvester and magneto-mechanical model of the permendur are presented. Later, to find the maximum output of the harvester, based on the response surface method (RSM), some experiments are done, and the results are analyzed. Finally, to verify the results of RSM, a harvester with optimum design variables is made, and its output power is compared. The last comparison verifies the estimation of the RSM method which was about 381 uW/cm3. The development of the low power application such as wireless sensors and health monitoring systems, attract a great attention to low power vibration energy harvesters. The recent vibration energy harvesters use smart materials in their structures to convert ambient mechanical energy into electricity. The frequent model of this harvesters is cantilevered beam. In the literature, the base excitation cantilevered harvesters are mainly investigated, and the related models are presented. This paper investigates a tip excitation cantilevered beam energy harvester with permendur. In the first section, the mechanical model of the harvester and magneto-mechanical model of the permendur are presented. Later, to find the maximum output of the harvester, based on the response surface method (RSM), some experiments are done, and the results are analyzed. Finally, to verify the results of RSM, a harvester with optimum design variables is made, and its output power is compared. The last comparison verifies the estimation of the RSM method which was about 381 µW/cm3.

Analysis of Parameter Effects on Electrostatic Induction Dielectric Sheet Conveyor Performance

Mehdi Modabberifar,Mojtaba Ghodsi,Yousef Hojjat 한국정밀공학회 2012 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

In recent years, electrostatic induction has been introduced as a new approach for transporting dielectric sheets. Electrostatic Induction Sheet Conveyor (EISC) is a kind of electrostatic induction actuator which can directly handle dielectric sheet objects, such as papers and plastic films in asynchronous state. The capability of sheet handling demands more studies to recognize parameters influencing thrust force and optimum driving frequency of dielectric sheets in this actuator. In this paper, using the proposed model in previous work, the effect of parameters including geometric parameters of slider and stator, electrical properties of dielectric sheet and environmental conditions on thrust force and optimum driving frequency of the actuator were analytically investigated.

Electrical properties of UV-irradiated thick film piezo-sensors on superalloy IN718 using photochemical metal organic deposition

Hoshyarmanesh, Hamidreza,Ghodsi, Mojtaba,Park, Hyung-Ho Elsevier 2016 THIN SOLID FILMS - Vol.616 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Lead zirconate-titanate thick films of perovskite structure Pb(Zr<SUB>0.52</SUB>Ti<SUB>0.48</SUB>)O<SUB>3</SUB> were fabricated on the curved surface of IN718 superalloy substrate using photochemical metal organic deposition technique. The films were heated at 200°C, irradiated by UV lamp (365nm, 6W) for 10min, pyrolyzed at 400°C, and subsequently annealed at 700°C for 1h after successive multi-step coating with 10wt.% excess PbO. Fairly smooth, dense, and crack-free polycrystalline thick films of Au/PZT/Au structure were deposited on IN718. The films were characterized to investigate the effect of photochemical deposition process and substrate on the crystalline, morphological, dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties. Remanent polarization (<I>P</I> <SUB> <I>r</I> </SUB> =20.2μC/cm<SUP>2</SUP>), coercive field (<I>E</I> <SUB> <I>c</I> </SUB> =−10kV/cm), permittivity (<I>ε</I> <SUB> <I>r</I> </SUB> =324@1kHz), dielectric loss (<I>tanδ</I> ≈3%), and piezoelectric charge coefficient (<I>d</I> <SUB> <I>33</I> </SUB> =113.4pm/V) of the PZT thick film transducers were measured and interpreted as regards domain wall motions. Consequently, the photochemical grown lead zirconate-titanate thick film on the superalloy substrate IN718 was confirmed to be consistent to structural health monitoring due to its acceptable electrical response.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) thick films were deposited on curved IN718 and IN738. </LI> <LI> UV irradiated photochemical metal organic deposition (PMOD) was applied. </LI> <LI> UV photolysis results in ejection of organic ligands and controlling the grain growth. </LI> <LI> Electrical properties of dense and crack-free piezosensors were characterized. </LI> <LI> Integrated Au/PZT/Au structure could be applied for structural health monitoring. </LI> </UL> </P>

Design and fabrication of a new piezoelectric paper feeder actuator without mechanical parts

Shahryar Ghorbanirezaei,Yousef Hojjat,Mojtaba Ghodsi 국제구조공학회 2019 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.24 No.2

A piezoelectric paper feeder actuator using Micro Virtual Roller (MVR) is proposed, designed, fabricated and tested. This actuator can drive a sheet of paper forward or backward without any mechanical parts, such as the costly and heavy rollers used in traditional paper feeders. In this paper feeder actuator, two vibrating stators which produce traveling waves are used to drive the paper. The vibrations of the stators are similar to those of piezoelectric motors and follow a similar procedure to move the paper. A feasibility study simulated the actuator in COMSOL Multiphysics Software. Traveling wave and elliptical trajectories were obtained and the dimensions of the stator were optimized using FEM so that the paper could move at top speed. Next, the eigenfrequencies of the actuator was determined. Experimental testing was done in order to validate the FEM results that revealed the relationships between speed and parameters such as frequency and voltage. Advantages of this new mechanism are the sharp decrease in power consumption and low maintenance.

X-ray diffraction measurement of residual stress in sol-gel grown lead zirconate titanate thick films on nickel-based super alloy substrate

Hamidreza Hoshyarmanesh,Naser Nehzat,Mehdi Salehi,Mojtaba Ghodsi 대한기계학회 2015 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.29 No.2

Residual compressive stress of Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 thick films was investigated using residual strains derived from X-ray diffraction patterns. Sin2ψ method was applied for the 5, 10 and 15 μm sol-gel derived thick films annealed at 700°C for 1 hr as high frequency structuralhealth monitoring square-shape transducers of 10×10 mm, deposited onto the curved nickel-based super alloy substrates. A triaxialmodel was proposed based on piezoelectric constitutive equations, and Bragg’s law at a large diffraction angle (~89º) was utilized consideringthe electromechanical coupling factor as well as elastic, dielectric and piezoelectric constants. Thickness variations led to a significantchange in residual stress magnitudes delineated from more-accurate triaxial model compared to small angle plane-stress resultsnot considering the piezoelectric coupling effects.

Thickness and thermal processing contribution on piezoelectric characteristics of Pb(Zr-Ti)O₃ thick films deposited on curved IN738 using sol–gel technique

Hoshyarmanesh, Hamidreza,Nehzat, Naser,Salehi, Mehdi,Ghodsi, Mojtaba,Lee, Hong-Sub,Park, Hyung-Ho SAGE Publications 2015 Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engin Vol.229 No.6

<P>Lead zirconate-titanate (PZT) thick films of perovskite structure Pb(Zr<SUB>x</SUB>Ti<SUB>1-x</SUB>)O<SUB>3</SUB> were fabricated on the curved surface of IN738 nickel-based supper alloy substrate up to 15 µm thickness using sol–gel deposition technique without polyvinylpyrrolidone. The films were heated at 200 with 10 wt% excess PbO, pyrolyzed at 400, and subsequently annealed at 650, 700, and 800. Au and Pt thin films were deposited as bottom and top electrodes, respectively. PZT films of different thicknesses and thermal treatment conditions were characterized to investigate the effect of process on crystalline phase development, orientation, and microstructure morphology. Thereby, formation of fairly smooth, semi-dense, and crack-free random orientated thick films as well as an increase in the average grain size and stress relaxation was observed as the film thickness increased. Having optimized the coating process, intrinsic and extrinsic dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties were measured as a function of the film thickness, orientation, grain size, and domain wall motions to evaluate the remnant polarization (<I>P<SUB>r</SUB></I> = 7.6–17.5 µC/cm<SUP>2</SUP>), coercive field (<I>E<SUB>c</SUB></I> = 2.5–4 kV/cm), permittivity (<I>ε<SUB>r</SUB></I> = 276–326), dielectric loss (tan<I>δ</I>(%) = 2.7–3), and piezoelectric charge coefficient (<I>d</I><SUB>33</SUB> = 71–145 pm/V) of the PZT thick films prepared potentially to be used as high bandwidth 1–5 MHz structural health monitoring transducers.</P>

An approach to design and fabrication of resonant giant magnetostrictive transducer

Mohammad R. Sheykholeslami,Yousef Hojjat,M. Karafi,Simone Cinquemani,Mojtaba Ghodsi 국제구조공학회 2016 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.17 No.2

The paper provides a comprehensive procedure for the mechanical and magnetic design of Langevin transducer based on giant magnetostrictive material. The the transducer is designed to work at its second mode of vibration, having high mechanical quality factor and low damping coefficient. The design procedure is based on an analytical model and it is verified by finite-element analysis. Experimental tests based on impedance response analysis in first and second modes are carried out on the prototype. Results confirm the appropriate design of this transducer, demonstrating the highest mechanical quality factor between the resonant transducers in the literature.