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Relationship Between Efficiency, Management Risk, and Profitability
Mutaz T. MAHMOUD,Mohamed R. NEFFATI 한국유통과학회 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.6
This paper examines the relationship between efficiency and management risks and profitability ratios in eight of the thirteen Saudi banks listed on the Saudi Capital Market Authority over the period 2005 to 2019. This study employs panel data and two specific Estimation Methods were adopted: Panel ordinary least square (POLS), and panel feasible generalized least square (PFGLS). These two methods were used to identify the imbalances represented by autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity coming from fixed and random effects related to cross-section and periods data set. The results show that the profitability of Saudi banks is negatively affected by increasing the capital adequacy ratio and current ratio and positively affected by the employment ratios. It also found that managing banking risks represented by bad debts and credit risk was a significant negative effect on the profitability of banks. These results clearly show that Saudi banks have an excess of liquidity and an increase in the capital adequacy ratio that sometimes exceeds international standards (Basel III), positively affects the investment of funds and thus the profitability of banks. Hence, managers of Saudi Arabia’s publicly listed banks must formulate prudent monetary policies to solve the liquidity crisis and increase profitability.
Ilef Limem,Ines Bouhlel,Meriem Bouchemi,Soumaya Kilani,Jihed Boubaker,Mohamed Ben-Sghaier,Ines Skandrani,Wissem Behouri,Aicha Neffati,Kamel Ghedira,Leila Chekir-Ghedira 한국식품영양과학회 2010 Journal of medicinal food Vol.13 No.3
Four extracts were prepared from the leaves of Phlomis mauritanica: lyophilized infusion, total oligomer flavonoids, methanol, and ethyl acetate extracts. The antimutagenic properties of these extracts were investigated by assessing the inhibition of the mutagenic effects of direct-acting mutagens such as sodium azide and 4-nitrophenylenediamine and indirect-acting mutagens like aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) using the Ames assay. The four extracts prepared from P. mauritanica strongly inhibit the mutagenicity induced by AFB1 in both Salmonella typhimurium TA 100 and TA 98 assay systems. Lyophilized infusion and methanol extracts at the dose of 250μg per plate reduced AFB1 mutagenicity by 93% and 91%, respectively, in S. typhymurium strain TA 100. We examined also the antioxidant effect of these extracts by the enzymatic xanthine/xanthine oxidase assay. Result indicated that total oligomer flavonoids and ethyl acetate and methanol extracts were potent inhibitors of xanthine oxidase activity. In contrast, lyophilized infusion, total oligomer flavonoids, and methanol extracts exhibited a high degree of superoxide anion scavenging. Our findings emphasize the potential of P. mauritanica extracts to prevent mutations and oxidant effects. Furthermore, the results presented here could be an additional argument to support the use of this species as a medicinal and dietary plant.