Simultaneous Changs in Striatal Dopamin,Serotonin,and Metabolites After Withdrawal Seizures in Rats From Dependence on Alcohol

Mirovsky,Y.,Goldberg,M.,Fisher,H.,Sekowski,A.,Wagner,G.C. 이화여자대학교 가정과학대학 식품영양학과 아시아 식품영양연구소 1999 食品營養情報 Vol.- No.9

Ethanol dependence was achieved in male. Long-Evans rats after 8 days on a balanced liquid diet that supplied 4.5% ethanol. After 1-h access to a solution of 10% ethanol (95%)/5% sucrose, the rats were deprived of food, water, and ethanol for 9 h. Following 30-s key jingling, about 80% of the animals exposed to ethanol experienced tonic-clonic seizures. Neurochemical analyses of striatal tissues revealed a significant (p<0.05) increase in dopamine (DA) and a significant decrease in serotonin (5-HT) in the ethanol-exposed rats that had seizures compared to control rats. Homovanillic acid concentrations of the ethanol-treated rats with seizures were significantly higher than the levels found in ethanol-treated animals that had experienced no seizures. Daily average ethanol intake of the rats that had seizures vs. those that did not was almost the same at 16 g/kg/day. The findings indicate that rats experiencing ethanol withdrawal-induced seizures manifest opposite alterations in dopaminergic and serotoninergic activity compared to controls. The present results do not reveal if the striatal changes are caused by ethanol rather than by the seizures.

Incidental Dural Tears During Lumbar Spine Surgery: A Retrospective Case Study of 84 Degenerative Lumbar Spine Patients

Ronen Blecher,Yoram Anekstein,Yigal Mirovsky 대한척추외과학회 2014 Asian Spine Journal Vol.8 No.5

Study Design: A retrospective case study. Purpose: To retrospectively review all incidental dural tears (DTs) that occurred at a single institution, classify them anatomically and evaluate the clinical significance of each subgroup. Overview of Literature: Dural tears are considered the most commonly encountered complication during lumbar spine surgery. In contrast to the high frequency of DTs, reports on the characteristic location and mechanism are sparse. Methods: We retrospectively retrieved all cases of degenerative lumbar spine surgery performed over a 9-year period and classified all identified DTs according to two independent planes. The coronal plane was divided into lower, middle and upper surgical fields, and the sagittal plane into posterior, lateral and ventral occurring tears. Demographic and clinical variables were retrieved and analyzed to search for significant associations. Results: From 2003 to 2011, 1,235 cases of degenerative lumbar spine conditions were treated surgically at our institution. In 84 operations (6.8%), an incidental DT was either identified intraoperatively or suspected retrospectively. The most commonly involved location was the lower surgical field (n=39, 46.4%; p =0.002), followed equally by the middle and upper fields (n=16, 19%). In the sagittal plane, the most commonly involved locations were those in close proximity to the nerve root (n=35, 41.6%), followed by the dorsal aspect of the dural sac (n=24, 28.6%). None of the variables recorded was found to be associated with a particular location. Conclusions: In our series, incidental DTs were found to occur most commonly in the lower surgical field. We hypothesize that local anatomic feature, such as the lordotic and broadening lumbar dura, may play a role in the observed DT tendency to occur in the lower surgical field. In light of the high frequency and potentially substantial resulting morbidity of incidental DTs, a better characterization of its location and mechanism may optimize both prevention and management.

Determination of Any Correlation between Sagittal Spinopelvic Configuration and Progressive Collapse of Acute Osteoporotic Compression Spine Fractures: A Retrospective Radiological Analysis

Smorgick Yossi,Geftler Alex,Goldstein Sergey,Mirovsky Yigal,Blecher Ronen,Anekstein Yoram 대한척추외과학회 2020 Asian Spine Journal Vol.14 No.6

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study.Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine any correlations between spinopelvic configuration and progressive collapse following acute osteoporotic compression spine fractures.Overview of Literature: Few studies have investigated the risk factors for progressive osteoporotic compression spine fractures. However, the correlation between the spinopelvic configuration, which is a crucial to optimize the management of lumbar degenerative diseases, and progressive collapse following acute osteoporotic compression spine fractures was not analyzed.Methods: We retrospectively identified all patients treated for thoracolumbar fractures in Assaf Harofe Medical Center between January 2008 and July 2013. Pelvic incidence (PI), sacral slope (SS), and pelvic tilt (PT) were measured for the pelvic parameters. For each patient, we classified the fracture according to the AOSpine Thoracolumbar Spine Injury Classification System. Height loss was measured initially and at a minimum of 3-month follow-up. The difference between initial and final height loss was documented as height loss difference.Results: The study included 124 patients comprised 86 women and 38 men. The mean patient age was 69±9.6 years. The mean length of follow-up was 14±15 months. No significant effect of the PI, PT, and SS angles on the vertebral fracture level (<i>p</i> >0.05) was found. Similarly, no significant relationship between the PI, PT, and SS angle and the fracture type according to the AO classification (<i>p</i> >0.05) was found. There was no correlation between PI, PT, and SS angles and initial height loss, final height loss and height loss difference (<i>p</i>> 0.05)Conclusions: The spinopelvic configuration represented by the PI, PT, and SS angle does not influence progressive collapse following acute osteoporotic compression spine fractures.

Remifentanil Use in Pediatric Scoliosis Surgery-An Effective Alternative to Morphine (A Retrospective Study)

Ibrahim Abu-Kishk,Roei Hod-Feins,Yoram Anekstein,Yigal Mirovsky,Josi Barr,Eli Lahat,Gideon Eshel 연세대학교의과대학 2012 Yonsei medical journal Vol.53 No.5

Purpose: The unique properties of remifentanil make it ideal for pediatric use despite a lack of wide randomized clinical trials and fear of adverse events due to its high potency. We aimed to consolidate preliminary conclusions regarding the efficacy of remifentanil use in pediatric scoliosis surgery. Materials and Methods: The medical charts of children with idiopathic scoliosis who underwent primary spinal fusion between 1998 and 2007 at a large tertiary university-affiliated hospital were retrospectively reviewed and divided into two groups according to anesthetic regime (remifentanil vs. morphine). Demographic, surgery-related details and immediate postoperative course were recorded and compared. Results: All 36 remifentanil children were extubated shortly after termination of surgery, compared to 2 of the 84 patients in the morphine group. The remaining patients in the morphine group were extubated hours after surgery [5.4 hours; standard deviation (SD) 1.7 hours]. Six remifentanil children were spared routine intensive care hospitalization (vs. 2 morphine children-significant difference). Shorter surgeries [5.6 hours (SD 1.82 hours) vs. 7.14 hours (SD 2.15 hours); p=0.0004] were logged for the remifentanil group. To achieve controlled hypotension during surgery, vasodilator agents were used in the morphine group only. A comparison of early postoperative major or minor complication rates (including neurological and pulmonary complications) between the two groups yielded no significant differences. Conclusion:Remifentanil use can shorten operating time and facilitate earlier spontaneous ventilation and extubation, with less of a need for intensive care hospitalization and no increase in significant complications.

Novel Synergistic Treatment of Ethanol Withdrawal Seizures in Rats with Dopamine and Serotonin Agonists

Wagner,G.C.,Sekowski,A.,Goldberg,M.,Yu,Y.L.,Mirovsky,Y.,Fisher,H. 이화여자대학교 가정과학대학 식품영양학과 아시아 식품영양연구소 1999 食品營養情報 Vol.- No.9

A recent observation in this laboratory of a simultaneous increase in striatal dopamine and a decrease in serotonin in ethanol-dependent rats during ethanol withdrawal prompted studies with combined dopaminergic + serotoninergic agonists to stop withdrawal seizures. Amphetamine (2 mg/kg) + fenfluramine (8mg/kg) given jointly, but not separately, prevented ethanol withdrawal seizures as effectively as benzodiazepines (chlordiazepoxide), the current drugs of choice. The combination of amphetamine and fenfluramine, unlike chlordiazepoxide, significantly reduced intake of ethanol during and immediately following ethanol withdrawal.