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Gracilis pull-through flap for the repair of a recalcitrant recto-vaginal fistula
Wan Loong James Mok,Ming Hui Goh,Choong Leong Tang,Bien-Keem Tan 대한성형외과학회 2019 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.46 No.3
Recto-vaginal fistulas are difficult to treat due to their high recurrence rate. Currently, no single surgical intervention is universally regarded as the best treatment option for rectovaginal fistulas. We present a case of recurrent recto-vaginal fistula surgically treated with a gracilis pull-through flap. The surgical goals in this patient were complete excision of the recto- vaginal fistula and introduction of fresh, vascularized muscle to seal the fistula. A defunctioning colostomy was performed 1 month prior to the present procedure. The gracilis muscle and tendon were mobilized, pulled through the freshened recto-vaginal fistula, passed through the anus, and anchored externally. Excess muscle and tendon were trimmed 1 week after the procedure. Follow-up at 4 weeks demonstrated complete mucosal coverage over an intact gracilis muscle, and no leakage. At 8 weeks post-procedure, the patient resumed sexual intercourse with no dyspareunia. At 6 months post-procedure, her stoma was closed. The patient reported transient fecal staining of her vagina after stoma reversal, which resolved with conservative treatment. The fistula had not recurred at 20 months post-procedure. The gracilis pull-through flap is a reliable technique for a scarred vagina with an attenuated rectovaginal septum. It can function as a well-vascularized tissue plug to promote healing.
Gracilis pull-through flap for the repair of a recalcitrant recto-vaginal fistula
Mok, Wan Loong James,Goh, Ming Hui,Tang, Choong Leong,Tan, Bien Keem Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2019 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.46 No.3
Recto-vaginal fistulas are difficult to treat due to their high recurrence rate. Currently, no single surgical intervention is universally regarded as the best treatment option for recto-vaginal fistulas. We present a case of recurrent recto-vaginal fistula surgically treated with a gracilis pull-through flap. The surgical goals in this patient were complete excision of the recto-vaginal fistula and introduction of fresh, vascularized muscle to seal the fistula. A defunctioning colostomy was performed 1 month prior to the present procedure. The gracilis muscle and tendon were mobilized, pulled through the freshened recto-vaginal fistula, passed through the anus, and anchored externally. Excess muscle and tendon were trimmed 1 week after the procedure. Follow-up at 4 weeks demonstrated complete mucosal coverage over an intact gracilis muscle, and no leakage. At 8 weeks post-procedure, the patient resumed sexual intercourse with no dyspareunia. At 6 months post-procedure, her stoma was closed. The patient reported transient fecal staining of her vagina after stoma reversal, which resolved with conservative treatment. The fistula had not recurred at 20 months post-procedure. The gracilis pull-through flap is a reliable technique for a scarred vagina with an attenuated recto-vaginal septum. It can function as a well-vascularized tissue plug to promote healing.
Biodiesel synthesis using natural solid catalyst derived from biomass waste — A review
Song Yuan Chua,Loshinie A/P Periasamy,Celine Ming Hui Goh,Yie Hua Tan,Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak,Jibrail Kansedo,Mohammad Khalid,Rashmi Walvekar,E.C. Abdullah 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.81 No.-
Biodiesel serves as an ideal candidate for alternative fuel as it is made from renewable source with lowerpollutant emission. However, current biodiesel production has several issues such as unrecoverablecatalyst, expensive separation stage and high wastewater generation due to the use of homogeneouscatalyst. Currently, there are several pathways to produce biodiesel without the problems stated abovesuch as supercritical condition transesterification and enzymatic catalyst. However, the economicfeasibility for both methods serve as a major hindrance due to extremely high pressure and pressure,expensive synthetic cost of enzyme, which lead to higher operation cost. At the present, heterogeneouscatalyst is the alternative, especially heterogeneous catalyst derived from natural resources such as wastebiomass are currently being extensively researched with promising results. Thus, this paper illustratesthe comprehensive research of biodiesel synthesis and assesses the latest breakthroughs involved in theuse of catalysts derived from waste biomass. Furthermore, an amalgam of experimental data obtainedfrom similar literature has been thoroughly reviewed to provide a better framework to produce biodiesel. Apart from that, this study aims to alleviate problems associated with heterogeneous catalyst separationand enhance the economic viability of the industry, thus, sustaining the environment while meetingenergy demands.