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José Francisco Díaz Nájera,Jaime Sahagún Castellanos,Mateo Vargas Hernández,Sergio Ayvar Serna,Omar Guadalupe Alvarado Gómez,Clemente Villanueva Verduzco,Marcelo Acosta Ramos 한국식물병리학회 2018 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.34 No.3
Fruit rot is the principal phytopathological problem of pipiana pumpkin (Cucurbita argyrosperma Huber) in the state of Guerrero. The aims of this research were to 1) identify the causal agent of southern blight on pumpkin fruits by morphological, pathogenic, and molecular analysis (ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2); 2) evaluate in vitro Trichoderma spp. strains and chemical fungicides; and 3) evaluate under rainfed field conditions, the strains that obtained the best results in vitro, combined with fungicides during two crop cycles. Number of commercial and non-commercial fruits at harvest, and seed yield (kg ha-1) were registered. Morphological, pathogenic and molecular characterization identified Sclerotium rolfsii as the causal agent of rot in pipiana pumpkin fruits. Now, in vitro conditions, the highest inhibition of S. rolfsii were obtained by Trichoderma virens strain G-41 (70.72%), T. asperellum strain CSAEGro-1 (69%), and the fungicides metalaxyl (100%), pyraclostrobin (100%), quintozene (100%), cyprodinil + fludioxonil (100%), and prochloraz (100%). Thiophanate-methyl only delayed growth (4.17%). In field conditions, during the spring-summer 2015 cycle, T. asperellum strain CSAEGro-1 + metalaxyl, and T. asperellum + cyprodinil + fludioxonil, favored the highest number of fruits and seed yield in the crop.
Pig meat production in the European Union-27: current status, challenges, and future trends
Mateos G. G.,Corrales N. L.,Talegón G.,Aguirre L. 아세아·태평양축산학회 2024 Animal Bioscience Vol.37 No.4
The main objective of this study was to present data on the current situation and future trends of pig meat production in the European Union-27 (EU). Pig production has played an important social and economic role for centuries in many states of the EU. In 2022, pig meat production in the EU reached 23 M tons, which represented 21% of total production worldwide. The two key reasons that justify such amount of pork produced, are the acceptance and high consumption of the meat by the local population and the high quality of the meat produced which facilitated pork export. However, current data show a reduction in pork production for the last three years, as a consequence of a series of events that include i) problems with the chain of ingredients supply, ii) uncontrolled increase in African Swine Fever (ASF) outbreaks, iii) fast recovery of pig production in China, iv) increasing concerns by the rural population on the high cost to meet future requirements of the EU legislation on farm management, environmental sustainability and animal welfare, v) increased cost of all inputs involved in pig production and vi) limited interest of the new farmer generation to work on the pig sector. Consequently, pork production is expected to decrease in the EU for the next years, although sales will be maintained at a relative high level because pork is the meat preferred by local consumers in most EU countries. In order to maintain the favourable position of the pork industry in the near future, strategies to implement include: i) maintain the quality of the meat destinated to export markets, ii) improve the control of outbreaks of ASF and other swine diseases, iii) implementation of technological innovations to improve working conditions making more attractive to work in the pork sector of the food chain to the new generation of farmers and workers.
Composition Design of Nanocrystalline Bainitic Steels by Diffusionless Solid Reaction
Carlos Garcia-Mateo,Francisca G. Caballero,Thomas Sourmail,Juan Cornide,Veronique Smanio,Roberto Elvira 대한금속·재료학회 2014 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.20 No.3
NANOBAIN is the term used to refer to a new generation of advanced steels capable of producing by isothermaltransformation at low homologous temperatures, T/Tm~0.25 where Tm is the absolute melting temperature,a nanocrystalline microstructure, composed exclusively of two phases, thin plates of bainitic ferriteseparated by C enriched austenite. Such alloys are exclusively designed on the basis of bainitic transformationtheory and some physical metallurgy principles. In this work, by designing a new set of alloys capable ofproducing such microstructure, a further step toward the industrialization of NANOBAIN is taken. Some importantindustrial requirements, including circumventing the inclusion of expensive alloying elements and theneed for faster transformations, are also considered. For all the alloys, the experimental results validate thedesign procedure and they illustrate that the NANOBAIN concept is a step closer to industrialization, probingthat it is possible to obtain nanocristalline bainite in simpler alloy systems and in shorter times than thosereported previously.
비구조화 P2P 시스템에서 이동에이전트를 이용한 Peer의 속성기반 계층적 클러스터링
마이클안젤로살보 ( Michael Angelo G. Salvo ),마테오로미오 ( Romeo Mark A. Mateo ),이재완 ( Jaewan Lee ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2009 인터넷정보학회논문지 Vol.10 No.4
비구조화 P2P 시스템은 오늘날 인터넷에서 가장 널리 사용되지만, 파일의 배치는 임의로 이루어지며, Peer와 컨텐츠 간에는 어떤 상관관계도 존재하지 않는다. 또한 보낸 모든 질의가 원하는 데이터를 찾았는지에 대한 보장도 없다. 본 논문에서는 비구조화된 P2P시스템에서 군집형 계층 클러스터링을 사용하여 노드들을 클러스터화함으로써 검색을 향상시키는 방법을 제시한다. 제안한 기법과 k-means를 사용한 기법 간에 노드 클러스터링을 위한 지연시간을 비교하였다. 또한 제안한 알고리즘, k-means 클러스터링, 클러스터링을 사용하지 않은 방법간에 한 네트워크 토폴로지에서 데이터를 찾기 위한 지연시간에 대해 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과 제안한 기법의 지연시간이 다른 방법들보다 짧았음을 알 수 있었다. Unstructured peer-to-peer systems are most commonly used in today`s internet. But file placement is random in these systems and no correlation exists between peers and their contents. There is no guarantee that flooding queries will find the desired data. In this paper, we propose to cluster nodes in unstructured P2P systems using the agglomerative hierarchical clustering algorithm to improve the search method. We compared the delay time of clustering the nodes between our proposed algorithm and the k-means clustering algorithm. We also simulated the delay time of locating data in a network topology and recorded the overhead of the system using our proposed algorithm, k-means clustering, and without clustering. Simulation results show that the delay time of our proposed algorithm is shorter compared to other methods and resource overhead is also reduced.
Passive mode locking of Yb:KLuW using a single-walled carbon nanotube saturable absorber.
Schmidt, Andreas,Rivier, Simon,Steinmeyer, Gü,nter,Yim, Jong Hyuk,Cho, Won Bae,Lee, Soonil,Rotermund, Fabian,Pujol, Maria C,Mateos, Xavier,Aguiló,, Magdalena,Dí,az, Francesc,Petrov, Va Optical Society of America 2008 Optics letters Vol.33 No.7
<P>Mode locking of an Yb-doped bulk laser in the 1 microm spectral range using a single-walled carbon nanotube saturable absorber (SWCNT-SA) is demonstrated for the first time, to our knowledge. Passive mode locking of an Yb:KLuW laser resulted in nearly transform-limited pulses as short as 115 fs at 1048 nm. In addition, the nonlinear response of the SWCNT-SA was measured, yielding a modulation depth of 0.25% and a relaxation time of 750 fs.</P>
Comeró,n, Sé,bastien,Elmegreen, Bruce G.,Knapen, Johan H.,Sheth, Kartik,Hinz, Joannah L.,Regan, Michael W.,Gil de Paz, Armando,Muñ,oz-Mateos, Juan-Carlos,Mené,ndez-Delmestre, K IOP Publishing 2011 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS - Vol.738 No.2
<P>NGC 4013 is a nearby Sb edge-on galaxy known for its 'prodigious' Hi warp and its 'giant' tidal stream. Previous work on this unusual object shows that it cannot be fitted satisfactorily by a canonical thin+thick disk structure. We have produced a new decomposition of NGC 4013, considering three stellar flattened components (thin+thick disk plus an extra and more extended component) and one gaseous disk. All four components are considered to be gravitationally coupled and isothermal. To do so, we have used the 3.6 mu m images from the Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies. We find evidence for NGC 4013 indeed having a thin and a thick disk and an extra flattened component. This smooth and extended component (scale height z(EC) similar to 3 kpc) could be interpreted as a thick disk or as a squashed ellipsoidal halo and contains similar to 20% of the total mass of all three stellar components. We argue it is unlikely to be related to the ongoing merger or due to the off-plane stars from a warp in the other two disk components. Instead, we favor a scenario in which the thick disk and the extended component were formed in a two-stage process, in which an initially thick disk has been dynamically heated by a merger soon enough in the galaxy history to have a new thick disk formed within it.</P>
Passive mode-locking of a Tm-doped bulk laser near 2 μm using a carbon nanotube saturable absorber
Cho, Won Bae,Schmidt, Andreas,Yim, Jong Hyuk,Choi, Sun Young,Lee, Soonil,Rotermund, Fabian,Griebner, Uwe,Steinmeyer, Gü,nter,Petrov, Valentin,Mateos, Xavier,Pujol, Maria C.,Carvajal, Joan J.,Aguil The Optical Society 2009 Optics express Vol.17 No.13
<P>Stable and self-starting mode-locking of a Tm:KLu(WO(4))(2) crystal laser is demonstrated using a transmission-type single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) based saturable absorber (SA). These experiments in the 2 microm regime utilize the E11 transition of the SWCNTs for nonlinear saturable absorption. The recovery time of the SWCNT-SA is measured by pump-probe measurements as approximately 1.2 ps. The mode-locked laser delivers approximately 10 ps pulses near 1.95 microm with a maximum output power of up to 240 mW at 126 MHz repetition rate.</P>