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A Traffic Congestion Avoidance Scheme for LEO Satellite Networks by Using Traffic Detour Technique
Mashimo, Daisuke,Taleb, Tarik,Jamalipour, Abbas,Kato, Nei,Nemoto, Yoshiaki 통신위성우주산업연구회 2005 Joint Conference on Satellite Communications Vol.2005 No.-
Given that wired network infrastructure is not yet ready in more than half of the world, satellite networks attrack attention as an important choice to build global communication networks. Satellite networks must deal by a communication demand of different quantity in every area due to most of the world people live around the equator or in middle latitude area. In addition, distribution of traffic becomes more unbalanced due to population density is different in a city and a district. As a result, the congestion occurs in some satellites, while others are not used at all. The problem about traffic engineering in satellite networks can be solved by scattering traffic over underutilized links. Therefore, this paper proposes a traffic congestion avoidance scheme using Traffic Detour Technique (TDT) which is based on traffic information about a satellite of next hop on the remainder of the path to the destination. The satellite where traffic was concentrated transmits a signaling packet to its neighboring satellites to decrease their sending rate before congestion occurs or packets drop. Neighboring satellites follow it and look for alternate paths of the others which do not include the satellite where a problem occurred. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated by simulations. And from the results, this scheme achieves a better traffic distribution and decreases the number of packet drops.
ELB in IP/NGEO Satellite Constellations: Issues and Solutions
Mashimo, Daisuke,Taleb, Tarik,Hashimoto, Kazuo,Nemoto, Yoshiaki,Kato, Nei 통신위성우주산업연구회 2006 Joint Conference on Satellite Communications Vol.2006 No.-
To ensure an intelligent engineering of traffic over satellite networks, the authors have recently proposed a routing protocol dubbed Explicit Load Balancing (ELB). The protocol enables neighboring satellites to explicitly exchange information on their congestion status. A satellite that is about to get congested requests its neighboring satellites to decrease their data forwarding rates. In response, the neighboring satellites search for less congested paths that do not include the satellite in question and communicate a portion of data, primarily destined to the satellite, via the retrieved paths. While transmitting packets of the same flow over different links helps to better distribute the traffic over the satellite constellation, and accordingly alleviates congestion and avoids packet drops, it leads to the reception of packets in an out-of-order manner at the receiver side. In case of TCP, this phenomenon results in the transmission of duplicate acknowledgments, unnecessarily halves the congestion window of TCP, and ultimately degrades the throughput. As a remedy to this issue, we suggest that receivers refer to the Time-to-Live (TTL) field of packet headers to judge whether the out of order in the reception of packets is due to congestion or simply to changes in the communication path. Furthermore, as packets have to traverse more hops in ELB, delay-sensitive applications may get affected by the extra delay due to hops. To cope with such an issue, we consider the use of differentiated services we classify users into a number of classes, namely delay sensitive, throughput-sensitive, and best effort. Via simulations, we demonstrate the efficiency of ELB in such environments.
Sonoko Mashimo,Naruto Yoshida,Ayaka Takegami,Yuki Warashina,Hitoshi Shiraki 대한운동학회 2019 아시아 운동학 학술지 Vol.21 No.2
[OBJECTIVES] To understand the condition of athletes engaged in daily sports activities, it is important to investigate the pain that many such athletes can experience as well as the pain that can be an initial symptom of injury. Although handball is a contact sport associated with frequent injuries, the actual nature of pain symptoms that develop has not been sufficiently studied, and the relationship between pain occurrence and athletes’ daily changing physical load remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify the nature of pain symptoms in handball players and examine the relationship between pain occurrence and physical load. [METHODS] This study involved a 12-month daily assessment of pain symptoms and physical load involving 11 university female handball players. Pain was examined in terms of body region and a pain severity score using a pain questionnaire, and physical load on handball was assessed based on playing hours, types of matches and training recorded by a video camera. [RESULTS] The total number of pains was 1698, and the pain incidence rate was 288.1 pains per 1000 player hours. In terms of body regions, the ankle (18.3%) was the most common, followed by the lower back (13.3%), foot (12.8%), Achilles tendon (9.2%), and thigh (8.9%). With regard to the relationship between pain and physical load, significant moderate or weak correlations were observed between handball (rs=0.657), training (rs=0.626), and on-court training (rs=0.591) and overall pain occurrences. In terms of body regions, the ankle and thigh, significant moderate or weak correlations were observed with respect to all categories in on-court training. [CONCLUSIONS] We found that pain occur frequently and athletes continue to compete in games despite experiencing pain. In addition, pain occurrence was related to physical load, indicating that the type of physical load depends on the body region.
The Effect of Bariatric Surgery and Endoscopic Procedures on Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
( Ofer Z Fass ),( Hiroshi Mashimo ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2021 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.27 No.1
Obesity is a global epidemic posing a significant burden on patients and healthcare systems. Gastroesophageal reflux disease is associated with obesity and its prevalence is also growing worldwide. Numerous bariatric surgeries and endoscopic procedures have arisen to assist with weight loss and management of obesity-related conditions. However, the effect of these interventions on reflux is variable and the evidence is often conflicting. To date, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass remains the gold-standard for attaining both reflux and weight loss management, however novel endoscopic techniques are quickly becoming more prevalent as an alternative to surgery. This review aims to summarize currently available endoscopic and surgical weight loss procedures and their impact on reflux symptoms while emphasizing areas requiring additional investigation. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2021;27:35-45)
Walter W Chan,Hiroshi Mashimo 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2013 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.19 No.3
Background/Aims Lubiprostone, a chloride channel type 2 (ClC-2) activator, was thought to treat constipation by enhancing intestinal secretion. It has been associated with increased intestinal transit and delayed gastric emptying. Structurally similar to prostones with up to 54% prostaglandin E2 activity on prostaglandin E receptor 1 (EP1), lubiprostone may also exert EP1-mediated procontractile effect on intestinal smooth muscles. We investigated lubiprostone’s effects on intestinal smooth muscle contractions and pyloric sphincter tone. Methods Isolated murine small intestinal (longitudinal and circular) and pyloric tissues were mounted in organ baths with modified Krebs solution for isometric recording. Basal muscle tension and response to electrical field stimulation (EFS; 2 ms pulses/10 V/6 Hz/30 sec train) were measured with lubiprostone (10-10-10-5 M) ± EP1 antagonist. Significance was established using Student t test and P < 0.05. Results Lubiprostone had no effect on the basal tension or EFS-induced contractions of longitudinal muscles. With circular muscles, lubiprostone caused a dose-dependent increase in EFS-induced contractions (2.11 ± 0.88 to 4.43 ± 1.38 N/g, P = 0.020) that was inhibited by pretreatment with EP1 antagonist (1.69 ± 0.70 vs. 4.43 ± 1.38 N/g, P = 0.030). Lubiprostone had no effect on circular muscle basal tension, but it induced a dose-dependent increase in pyloric basal tone (1.07 ± 0.01 to 1.97 ± 0.86 fold increase, P < 0.05) that was inhibited by EP1 antagonist. Conclusions In mice, lubiprostone caused a dose-dependent and EP1-mediated increase in contractility of circular but not longitudinal small intestinal smooth muscles, and in basal tone of the pylorus. These findings suggest another mechanism for lubiprostone’s observed clinical effects on gastrointestinal motility.
Hiroshi Akiyama,Sonomi Ishi,Yuki Mashimo,Sadatoshi Tabata Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture 2004 Journal of the Korean institute of landscape archi Vol.2 No.-
This surveillance research drafted a conservation plan of regional green spaces, on a metropolitan area level, geared toward the Minuma Tanbo area of 1260 ha, located in Saitama City, in the suburbs of Tokyo. It was an effective method, applied to an area where Japan's current issues on regional green space were epitomized, as it formed symposiums consisting of various personnel, and the opinions of the citizen had been reflected.
Influences of Several Vasodilators on the Pain Threshold in Healthy Men
박명,최훈,마시모 다께시,야기 마사하루,사사키 시게타,토미 카츠지,요시야 이쿠토,Pak, Myong,Choe, Huhn,Mashimo, Takashi,Yagi, Masaharu,Sasaki, Shigeta,Tomi, Katsuji,Yoshiya, Ikuto The Korean Journal of Pain 1990 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.3 No.2
정상인에서 Guanethidine Nicardipine Nitroglycerine Prostaglandin $E_1$을 피하주사하고 지속적인 복사열을 주사한 후에 Pain Meter NYT-5를 이용하여 동통역치를 측정하였다. 통증역치는 Guanethidine과 Nicardipine에 의해 상승되었으며 Nitroglycerine에 의해서는 거의 변화가 없고 Prostaglandin $E_1$에 의해서는 감소되었다. 이러한 변화는 지각신경섬유의 말단 감각수용체에 대한 감수성이 이들 혈관확장제에 대하여 서로 다른 작용을 나타내는것 같다.