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The Impact of Brand Image and Perceived Value on Consumers’ Purchasing Behavior of Clothing Lines
Marra Angelique H. Agdigos(Marra Angelique H. Agdigos ),Maria Christine R. Etpison(Maria Christine R. Etpison ),Armila Augustine C. Patino(Armila Augustine C. Patino ),Antonio E. Etrata,Jr.(Antonio E. KINFORMS 2022 Management Review Vol.17 No.2
Growing businesses everywhere in the world have a far and wide objective of building up their brand image. This research will help in highlighting the defining factors of a brand in which marketers will know how to present their products to consumers which would influence their purchasing behavior. The quantitative research design was utilized together with survey questionnaires in the collection of required data of the respondents regarding the independent variables: brand image and consumer perceived value. The total sample size of 209 respondents was selected through a purposive sampling method, consisting of consumers that reside in Metro Manila with different backgrounds in terms of purchasing clothing lines of brands. The study has identified that brand image has a moderately significant effect on consumers’ purchasing behavior. The research has also shown that a consumer's perceived value has a significant but not strong effect on the consumer's purchasing behavior. In general, brand image and consumers’ perceived value only impact the purchasing behavior of consumers slightly. The consumers are not conscious in terms of the brand image of the clothes they buy as they also prefer cheap but good-quality clothing. This finding has important implications for companies in terms of deciding whether they need to majorly invest their resources in their brand image or not. Also, it aids them in planning in terms of fulfilling the customer's perceived value since it does not have a strong effect on their buying behavior.
The ABCDEF Implementation Bundle
Annachiara Marra,Kwame Frimpong,E. Wesley Ely 대한중환자의학회 2016 Acute and Critical Care Vol.31 No.3
Long-term morbidity, long-term cognitive impairment and hospitalization-associated disability are common occurrence in the survivors of critical illness, with significant consequences for patients and for the caregivers. The ABCDEF bundle represents an evidencebased guide for clinicians to approach the organizational changes needed for optimizing ICU patient recovery and outcomes. The ABCDEF bundle includes: Assess, Prevent, and Manage Pain, Both Spontaneous Awakening Trials (SAT) and Spontaneous Breathing Trials (SBT), Choice of analgesia and sedation, Delirium: Assess, Prevent, and Manage, Early mobility and Exercise, and Family engagement. The purpose of this review is to describe the core features of the ABCDEF bundle.
First accuracy evaluation of the NPL-CsF2 primary frequency standard
Szymaniec, Krzysztof,Park, Sang Eon,Marra, Giuseppe,Chałupczak, Witold Springer-Verlag 2010 METROLOGIA -BERLIN- Vol.47 No.4
<P>An accuracy evaluation of the caesium fountain NPL-CsF2 as a primary frequency standard is reported. The device operates with a simple one-stage magneto-optical trap as the source of cold atoms. Both the uncertainty in and magnitude of the cold collision frequency shift are reduced by taking advantage of the dependence of the cross section on the effective collision energy in an expanding atomic cloud. The combined type B uncertainty (typically 4 × 10<SUP>−16</SUP>) is dominated by an estimate of the frequency shift due to the distributed cavity phase. When operated at single density, the short-term fractional frequency instability of NPL-CsF2 is 1.7 × 10<SUP>−13</SUP> at 1 s and limited by the noise of the room temperature quartz-based local oscillator. During a typical frequency measurement campaign, the fountain is operated in an alternating mode at high and low density in order to measure and correct for a residual collision shift. This increases the effective fractional frequency instability to 5.4 × 10<SUP>−13</SUP> at 1 s; consequently the averaging time required for the type A uncertainty level to match that of the type B is 20 days.</P>