Screening of Agricultural and Food Processing Waste Materials as New Sources for Biodegradable Food Packaging Application

Long-Feng Wang,Jeevan Prasad Reddy,Jong-Whan Rhim 한국포장학회 2014 한국포장학회지 Vol.20 No.1

Agar-based composite films were prepared with variety of food processing and agricultural processing waste materials in order to screen natural lingo-cellulosic resources for the value-added utilization of the under-utilized materials. The effect of these waste materials (10 wt% based on agar) on mechanical properties, moisture content (MC), water vapor permeability (WVP), water absorption behavior of biocomposite films were investigated. Biocomposite films prepared with various fibers resulted in significant increase or decrease in color and percent transmittance. The MC, WVP, and surface hydrophobicity of biocomposite films increased significantly by incorporation of fibers, while the water uptake ratio and solubility of the film decreased. SEM images of biocomposite film showed better adhesion between the fiber and agar polymer. Among the tested cellulosic waste materials, rice wine waste, onion and garlic fibers were promising for the value-added utilization as a reinforcing material for the preparation of biocomposite food packaging films.

Functionalization of halloysite nanotubes for the preparation of carboxymethyl cellulose-based nanocomposite films

Wang, Long-Feng,Rhim, Jong-Whan Elsevier 2017 Applied clay science Vol.150 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Halloysite nanotubes (Hal) were treated with acid to prepare uniformly charged acid treated Hal (Hal-A). After acid treatment, the surface charge (zeta potential) of Hal changed from +0.08mV to −32.65mV. Functionalized Hal-A were prepared through adsorbing metal ions by immersing the Hal-A into saturated solutions of three different metal salts, silver nitrate, zinc nitrate, and copper acetate. The number of metal ions attached to the Hal-A and their functionality were dependent on the type of metal ions. The functionalized Hal-A exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against food-borne pathogenic bacteria, <I>L. monocytogenes</I> and <I>E. coli</I>. The CMC-based film showed a significant increase in mechanical, water vapor barrier, and thermal stability properties after forming a composite with Hal. In particular, CMC-based films incorporated with the functionalized Hal-A showed strong antimicrobial activity against both L. <I>monocytogenes</I> and <I>E. coli</I>.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Uniformly charged halloysite nanotubes (aHNTs) were obtained by acid treatment of halloysite. </LI> <LI> Three types of functionalized aHNTs were prepared by adsorbing metal ions to the aHNTs. </LI> <LI> The functionalized aHNTs exhibited strong antimicrobial activity. </LI> <LI> Carboxymethyl cellulose/aHNTs composite films also showed strong antimicrobial activity. </LI> </UL> </P>

Screening of Agricultural and Food Processing Waste Materials as New Sources for Biodegradable Food Packaging Application

Wang, Long-Feng,Reddy, Jeevan Prasad,Rhim, Jong-Whan Korea Society of Packaging Science and Technology 2014 한국포장학회지 Vol.20 No.1

Agar-based composite films were prepared with variety of food processing and agricultural processing waste materials in order to screen natural lingo-cellulosic resources for the value-added utilization of the under-utilized materials. The effect of these waste materials (10 wt% based on agar) on mechanical properties, moisture content (MC), water vapor permeability (WVP), water absorption behavior of biocomposite films were investigated. Biocomposite films prepared with various fibers resulted in significant increase or decrease in color and percent transmittance. The MC, WVP, and surface hydrophobicity of biocomposite films increased significantly by incorporation of fibers, while the water uptake ratio and solubility of the film decreased. SEM images of biocomposite film showed better adhesion between the fiber and agar polymer. Among the tested cellulosic waste materials, rice wine waste, onion and garlic fibers were promising for the value-added utilization as a reinforcing material for the preparation of biocomposite food packaging films.

INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM IN THE ACDM UNIVERSE FROM COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS

FENG LONG-LONG,HE PING,FANG LIZHI,SHU CHI-WANG,ZHANG MENG-PING The Korean Astronomical Society 2005 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.38 No.2

The temperature (T) and entropy (S) fields of baryonic gas, or intergalactic medium (IGM), in the ACDM cosmology are analyzed using simulation samples produced by a hybrid cosmological hydrodynamic/N-body code based on the weighted essentially non-oscillatory scheme. We demonstrate that, in the nonlinear regime, the dynamical similarity between the IGM and dark matter will be broken in the presence of strong shocks in the IGM. The heating and entropy production by the shocks breaks the IGM into multiple phases. The multiphase and non-Gaussianity of the IGM field would be helpful to account for the high-temperature and high-entropy gas observed in groups and clusters with low-temperature IGM observed by Ly$\alpha$ forest lines and the intermittency observed by the spikes of quasi-stellar object's absorption spectrum.

Clinical Significance of Upregulation of mir-196a-5p in Gastric Cancer and Enriched KEGG Pathway Analysis of Target Genes

Li, Hai-Long,Xie, Shou-Pin,Yang, Ya-Li,Cheng, Ying-Xia,Zhang, Ying,Wang, Jing,Wang, Yong,Liu, Da-Long,Chen, Zhao-Feng,Zhou, Yong-Ning,Wu, Hong-Yan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.5

Background: miRNAs are relatively recently discovered cancer biomarkers which have important implications for cancer early diagnosis, treatment and estimation of prognosis. Here we focussed on expression of mir-196a-5p in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines so as to analyse its significance for clinicopathologic characteristics and generate enriched KEGG pathways clustered by target genes for exploring its potential roles as a biomarker in gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: The expression of mir-196a-5p in poorly, moderate and well differentiated gastric cancer cell lines compared with GES-1 was detected by RT-qPCR, and the expression of mir-196a-5p in gastric cancer tissues comparing with adjacent non cancer tissues of 58 cases were also assessed by RT-qPCR. Subsequently, an analysis of clinical significance of mir-196a-5p in gastric cancer and enriched KEGG pathways was executed based on the miRWalk prediction database combined with bioinformatics tools DAVID 6.7 and Mirfocus 3.0. Results: RT-qPCR showed that mir-196a-5p was up-regulated in 6 poorly and moderate differentiated gastric cancer cell lines SGC-7901, MKN-45, MKN-28, MGC-803, BGC-823, HGC-27 compared with GES-1, but down-regulated in the highly differentiated gastric cancer cell line AGS. Clinical data indicated mir-196a-5p to beup-regulated in gastric cancer tissues (47/58). Overexpression of mir-196a-5p was associated with more extensive degree of lymph node metastasis and clinical stage (P < 0.05; x2 test). Enriched KEGG pathway analyses of predicted and validated targets in miRWalk combined with DAVID 6.7 and Mirfocus 3.0 showed that the targeted genes regulated by mir-196a-5p were involved in malignancy associated biology. Conclusions: Overexpression of mir-196a-5p is associated with lymph node metastasis and clinical stage, and enriched KEGG pathway analyses showed that targeted genes regulated by mir-196a-5p may contribute to tumorgenesis, suggesting roles as an oncogenic miRNA biomarker in gastric cancer.

LncRNA taurine up-regulated gene 1 participates in isoflurane induced neurotoxicity

Zhang Faqiang,Chen Guoqing,Wang Long,Feng Zeguo,Mi Weidong 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2021 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.17 No.3

Background Isoflurane (ISO), with the characteristics of rapid induction and recovery, has become one of the most commonly used inhalation anesthetics in the world. Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the biological mechanism of long non-coding RNA taurine up-regulated gene 1 (TUG1) in isoflurane (ISO) induced neurotoxicity through in vitro cell experiments. Result ISO exposure inhibited cell viability while promoted ROS generation, cell apoptosis and inflammatory cytokines release in HT22 cells via upregulating long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) TUG1. MiR-15a-5p was a direct target of TUG1 and was reversed regulated by TUG1. Overexpression of miR-15a-5p alleviated neurotoxicity induced by ISO exposure, while downregulation of TUG1 alleviated the neurotoxicity induced by ISO exposure via upregulation of miR-15a-5p. Conclusion Downregulation of TUG1 reduced ISO-induced ROS generation, neuron cell apoptosis and inflammatory response. ISO-induced neurotoxicity in HT22 cells was regulated by TUG1/miR-15a-5p axis. Background Isoflurane (ISO), with the characteristics of rapid induction and recovery, has become one of the most commonly used inhalation anesthetics in the world. Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the biological mechanism of long non-coding RNA taurine up-regulated gene 1 (TUG1) in isoflurane (ISO) induced neurotoxicity through in vitro cell experiments. Result ISO exposure inhibited cell viability while promoted ROS generation, cell apoptosis and inflammatory cytokines release in HT22 cells via upregulating long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) TUG1. MiR-15a-5p was a direct target of TUG1 and was reversed regulated by TUG1. Overexpression of miR-15a-5p alleviated neurotoxicity induced by ISO exposure, while downregulation of TUG1 alleviated the neurotoxicity induced by ISO exposure via upregulation of miR-15a-5p. Conclusion Downregulation of TUG1 reduced ISO-induced ROS generation, neuron cell apoptosis and inflammatory response. ISO-induced neurotoxicity in HT22 cells was regulated by TUG1/miR-15a-5p axis.

Selective miRNA Expression Profile in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia K562 Cell-derived Exosomes

Feng, Dan-Qin,Huang, Bo,Li, Jing,Liu, Jing,Chen, Xi-Min,Xu, Yan-Mei,Chen, Xin,Zhang, Hai-Bin,Hu, Long-Hua,Wang, Xiao-Zhong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.12

Background: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder of hematopoietic stem cell scarrying the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome and an oncogenic BCR-ABL1 fusion gene. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) of BCR-ABL1 kinase is a treatment of choice for control of CML. Objective: Recent studies have demonstrated that miRNAs within exosomes from cancer cells play crucial roles in initiation and progression. This study was performed to assess miRNAs within exosomes of K562 cells. Methods: miRNA microarray analysis of K562 cells and K562 cell-derived exosomes was conducted with the 6th generation miRCURYTM LNA Array (v.16.0). Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were also carried out. GO terms and signaling pathways were categorized into 66 classes (including homophilic cell adhesion, negative regulation of apoptotic process, cell adhesion) and 26 signaling pathways (such as Wnt). Results: In exosomes, 49 miRNAs were up regulated as compared to K562 cells, and two of them were further confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR. There are differentially expressed miRNAs between K562 cell derived-exosomes and K562 cells. Conclusion: Selectively expressed miRNAs in exosomes may promote the development of CML via effects on interactions (e.g. adhesion) of CML cells with their microenvironment.

LncRNA H19 Promotes EMT and Stemness Property in Humam Pancreatic Cancer Cells through STAT3 pathway

Feng Wang,Xiaodong Tian,Long Rong,Yinmo Yang 대한외과학회 2018 대한외과학회 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2018 No.11

Proteomic Profiles of Mouse Neuro N2a Cells Infected with Variant Virulence of Rabies Viruses

( Wang Xiao Hu ),( Shou Feng Zhang ),( Cheng Long Sun ),( Zi Guo Yuan ),( Xian Fu Wu ),( Dong Xia Wang ),( Zhuang Ding ),( Rong Liang Hu ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2011 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.21 No.4

We characterized the proteomes of murine N2a cells following infection with three rabies virus (RV) strains, characterized by distinct virulence phenotypes (i.e., virulent BD06, fixed CVS-11, and attenuated SRV9 strains), and identified 35 changes to protein expression using twodimensional gel electrophoresis in whole-cell lysates. The annotated functions of these proteins are involved in various cytoskeletal, signal transduction, stress response, and metabolic processes. Specifically, a-enolase, prx-4, vimentin, cytokine-induced apoptosis inhibitor 1 (CIAPIN1) and prx-6 were significantly up-regulated, whereas Trx like-1 and galectin-1 were down-regulated following infection of N2a cells with all three rabies virus strains. However, comparing expressions of all 35 proteins affected between BD06-, CVS-11-, and SRV9-infected cells, specific changes in expression were also observed. The up-regulation of vimentin, CIAPIN1, prx-4, and 14-3-3 θ/δ, and downregulation of NDPK-B and HSP-1 with CVS and SRV9 infection were ≥2 times greater than with BD06. Meanwhile, Zfp12 protein, splicing factor, and arginine/serine-rich 1 were unaltered in the cells infected with BD06 and CVS- 11, but were up-regulated in the group infected with SRV9. The proteomic alterations described here may suggest that these changes to protein expression correlate with the rabies virus`` adaptability and virulence in N2a cells, and hence provides new clues as to the response of N2a host cells to rabies virus infections, and may also aid in uncovering new pathways in these cells that are involved in rabies infections. Further characterization of the functions of the affected proteins may contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms of RV infection and pathogenesis.

MORPHIC PROPERTY OF A QUOTIENT RING OVER POLYNOMIAL RING

Long, Kai,Wang, Qichuan,Feng, Lianggui Korean Mathematical Society 2013 대한수학회보 Vol.50 No.5

A ring R is called left morphic if $$R/Ra{\simeq_-}l(a)$$ for every $a{\in}R$. Equivalently, for every $a{\in}R$ there exists $b{\in}R$ such that $Ra=l(b)$ and $l(a)=Rb$. A ring R is called left quasi-morphic if there exist $b$ and $c$ in R such that $Ra=l(b)$ and $l(a)=Rc$ for every $a{\in}R$. A result of T.-K. Lee and Y. Zhou says that R is unit regular if and only if $$R[x]/(x^2){\simeq_-}R{\propto}R$$ is morphic. Motivated by this result, we investigate the morphic property of the ring $$S_n=^{def}R[x_1,x_2,{\cdots},x_n]/(\{x_ix_j\})$$, where $i,j{\in}\{1,2,{\cdots},n\}$. The morphic elements of $S_n$ are completely determined when R is strongly regular.