노인 뇌경색 환자(70세 이상)의 임상적 특징에 관한 연구

임재환,박형국,성기범,신현길 순천향의학연구소 1995 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.1 No.1

Stroke is one of the most important diseases in the elderly, but studies on the elderly stroke(age ≥70 years) are rare. The authors evaluated clinical characteristics of ischemic stroke in the elderly and compared them with those in the young(age ≤69). The conclusion obtained are as follows. 1. The strokes with multiple risk factors and combined diseases were more common in the elderly than in the young. 2. Middle cerebral artery territory was most frequently involved in the two groups, but vertebrobasilar territory was more frequently involved in the elderly than in the young. 3. The incidence of recurrent stroke and pathogenesis did not differ significantly between the two groups. 4. Among the complications, urogenital diseases were more common in the elderly than in the young.

유기용매에서 치과용 콤포짓트 레진의 시효처리에 따른 표면조도 및 색 변화

임범순,김철위,문현정 대한치과기재학회 1999 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.26 No.1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the degree of color stability and examine the surface change of esthetic restorative materials in various organic solutions. Ten esthetic restorative materials were used : three chemical-cured composite resins(HPC, PAS, and PAL), four light-cured composite resins(CHA, Z100, AEL, and FLO), three light-cured polyacid modified composite resins(HYT, DYR, and COM). Specimens were prepared as disks of 14mm in diameter and 1.2mm in thickness. After polymerization, specimens were immersed in six different solutions(distilled water, artificial saliva with mucin, 0.1 mole acetic acid solution, 10% hydrogen peroxide solution, and 50% and 75% ethanol) for 1,7,14,21,28,56,84,112, and 140 days. The specimens were maintained at 37℃ throughout the study. Color was measured by CIE L*a*b* against to CIE standard illuminant C reflected on spectrophotometer(CM-3500d, Minolta, Japan.) with specular component exclusive(SCE). After various treatments, the surface of specimens was examined by Surface Roughness Tester(Surtronic 3P, Rank Taylor Hobson Ltd., England.). From the experiment, the following results were obtained. In distilled water, specimens showed an acceptable color stability except for CFS. The water hardening glass ionomer cement, CFS, showed the highest color change(△E>5.0). Color stability of specimens in artificial saliva with mucin was similar to that in distilled water. CFS and KTM showed high color change(△E>5.0) and it would not be acceptable in the clinical situation. In acetic acid solution, all of the glass ionomer cements and compomer specimens showed high color change due to the dissociation of metal-polyacrylate by chemical reaction with H+ ions. CFS, FLC, and FLT showed high color change in ethanol. Color change of specimens in 50% ethanol was higher than that in 75% ethanol. 10% hydrogen peroxide solution resulted in high color change for chemical-cure glass ionomer cements and destroyed the specimens. FLC and CPG showed high color change due to oxidation of residual reaction accelerator and inhibitor by hydrogen peroxide.

은, 동 및 팔라듐이 치과용 저금계 합금 및 은-팔라듐계 합금의 표면경도, 황이온에 의한 변색 및 부식저항성에 주는 영향 : Ⅱ.Experimental Low Gold Based Alloys Ⅱ. 실험용 치과용 저금계 합금

임범순,문현정,김철위 대한치과기재학회 1999 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.26 No.2

Nine experimental low gold based alloys (Au = 20 %) were prepared with various concentrations of Pd, Ag, and Cu. Experimental alloys were divided into three groups : casted alloys, quenched alloys subsequent to solution treatment, and aged alloys subsequent to solution treatment. Microstructure of alloys was examined by Optical microscope and SEM with EDXA, and surface hardness of alloys was measured by Vickers' hardness tester. Color changes and anodic polarization curves of alloys in the modified Fusayama's artificial saliva with various S² concentrations (0.01, 0.10, 0.50, 1.00, and 5.00 mM/ℓ) were evaluated by Spectrophotometer and Potentiostat. With an increase of Pd concentration in experimental alloys, color change (ΔE) of alloys was significantly decreased and surface hardness was moderately increased, but it had surprisingly little effect on the anodic polarization curves (p>0.05). Color change (ΔE) and surface hardness were increased with a decrease of Ag/Cu ratio in experimental alloys, but anodic polarization curves did not change significantly (p>0.05). Color changes of the quenched alloys was lower than those of the aged alloys. Corrosion potential of alloys was not affected by heat treatments, but current densities were affected at high potential (>400 mVSCE). Significantly higher current density of the aged alloys, compared to the quenched alloys, could result in server corrosion. The surface hardness of the casted alloys was apparently greater than that of quenched alloys. In SEM and EDXA analysis, it was observed that Pd was precipitated in the Cu-rich phase and Au migrated to the Ag-rich phase.

외상에 의한 영구치의 손상과 치아 고정술의 예후에 관한 연구

임현범,조용석,김경원 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 1997 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.7 No.1

경제 성장과 더불어 교통수단의 발달과 취미 활동에 대한 높은 관심과 함께 교통사고, 스포츠 등의 레저 활동, 폭력 등에 의하여 악안면부의 외상은 빈번하게 발생할 수 있다. 1996년 1월부터 1996년 12월까지 1년간 본과에 내원한 악안면부 외상 환자 중 상악골, 하악골, 관골 등의 악안면골 골절을 동반하지 않고 주로 치아 손상을 주소로 이에 대한 치아 고정술을 시행한 환자 43명에 대하여 의무 기록과 방사선 사진 등의 자료를 참고로 하여 영구치의 손상과 치아 고정술의 예후에 대하여 평가하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었기에 추후 영구치 손상 환자에 대한 치료술식과 예후 판정에 참고로 하고자 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. 1. 치아 외상은 여자보다 남자에게서 더 많이 발생하였다. 2. 치아 외상을 받은 호발 연령은 10대와 20대였다 3. 치관 외상의 주된 원인은 낙상, 교통사고와 운동 순이었다. 4. 치아 외상시 가장 호발부위는 상악 전치부였다 5. 치아고정시 아치 바와 강선을 이용한 방법과 강선과 치과용 레진을 이용한 방법의 예후에는 큰 차이가 없었다. 6. 치아고정시 가장 큰 병발증은 치아 실활에 따른 신경치료, 치근 흡수, 발치였다. The injuries of the offal and maxillofacial region occrurred frequently because of the accidents, sports and violences. The authors experienced the injuries of the teeth that did not involve the bony fracture of the maxillofacial bones. We reviewed the 96 teeth of 43 patients that were fixed after replacement and/or replantation of luxated teeth during 1year(1996). We analysed and evaluated the treatment methods and the prognosis of the fixated teeth using the hospital records and radiographies. The results were as follows. 1. The occurrences of teeth injuries were more frequent in male than in female 2. The prevalent age groups were the second and third decades. 3. The major etiologies of teeth injuries were fall-down, traffic accidents and sports. 4. The prevalent teeth injured area were the upper anterior teeth area. 5. The prognosis of the teeth fixation methods between arch bar with wiring and wire with dental resin were not different significantly. 6. The major complications were the endodontic treatment due to discoloration and/or non-vitalization of teeth, root resorption and extraction of injured teeth.

인공타액에서 염소이온과 황이온 농도가 치과용 귀금속계 합금의 변색 및 부식저항에 주는 영향 : 1. 시판 치과용 귀금속계 합금 1. DENTAL COMMERCIAL NOBLE METAL BASED ALLOYS

임범순,문현정,김철위 대한치과기재학회 1998 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.25 No.2

The object of this study was to study effect of Cl- and S²- ions on tarnish and corrosion resistance of dental noble metal alloys in the artificial saliva. Twenty-four commercial dental noble metal based alloys(five for high-Au based alloys, seven for low-Au based alloys, four for Pd-based alloys, and eight for Ag-Pd based alloys) were investigated by the Potentiostat and the Spectrophotometer. Modified Fusayama's artificial salivas with various concentrations of Cl- ion(1.22, 12.22, 24.44, and 61.10 mM/ℓ) and S²- ions(0.01, 0.10, 0.20, 0.35, 0.50, 1.00, 5.00, 10.0, and 20.0 mM/ℓ) were used as electrolytes for test. From the experiments, the following results were obtained. Concentration of Cl- ion in artificial saliva did not in fluence the potentiodynamic polarization curves for dental noble metal alloys. On the other hand, concentration of S²- ion in artificial saliva strongly influenced the potentiodynamic polarization curves for dental noble metal alloys ; corrosion potentials were decreased up to 500 mV and current densities were increased by 100 times. In color change measurements after potentiodynamic polarization curve test, the values of ΔE for high-Ae and Pd-based alloys were increased as the concentration of S²- increased up to 1.00 mM and then were reached a plateau at higher concentration of S²-. For low-Au and Ag-Pd based alloys, the values of ΔE were drastically decreased as the concentration of S²- increased up to 1.00 mM and then were reached a plateau at higher concentration of S²-. By determining the color of an alloy before and after exposure to a test solution, the color changes were ranged of 4∼6 for high-Au and Pd-based alloys and 20∼35 for low-Au and Ag-Pd based alloys.

중합 및 미중합 소와열구 전색제의 잔류 단량체 용출에 관한 연구

문현정,임범순,김철위 대한치과기재학회 1999 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.26 No.3

Triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate(TEGDMA), Bis-glycidyl dimethacrylate(Bis-GMA), and Urethane dimethacrylate(UDMA) are components of dental resin-based pit & fissure sealants which may be released and enter the body via skin, dentin and pulp. A recent study reported that hormone-mimicking compound, Bisphenol-A leached into saliva from dental pit & fissure sealants. The purpose of this study was to identify and quantify Bisphenol-A and other leachable components that might be released from polymerized and unpolymerized dental pit & fissure sealants. Seven commercially available light-cured resin-based pit and fissure sealants as the experimental group(Concise, Pit & Fissure sealant, Elite, Fissurit F, Teethmate F-1, Ultraseal XT Plus and Helioseal) and one composite resin (Z100) as the control group were studied. Specimens were polymerized by using a 1 mm (thickness) x 0.5 mm (diameter) acrylic mold which were weighed and immersed in 99.99% ethyl alcohol for 4 min, 2 and 12 hrs., 3 and 7 days. Solutions were analyzed by using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC) to detect various leachable components. Three specimens of each sealants were tested. From the experiment, the following results were obtained : Specimen peaks with retention times of 2.28, 3.37, 6.18 and 7.39 min were identified as BPA, TEGDMA, UDMA, and Bis-GMA respectively. BPA was not detected in eluates from unpolymerized specimens(CON, ELI, HEL, Z100). PFS and ELI leached significantly more BPA than other specimens did(p<0.05). Generally, the quantity of TEGDMA leached as a function of aging periods showed no statistically significant difference(p>0.05), but in TFI and UXP group, they showed statistically significant difference after 7 days(p<0.05). The amount of Bis-GMA and UDMA elution after 3 days showed statistically significant difference(p<0.05). The monomers(BPA, TEGDMA, Bis-GMA, and UDMA) of pit and fissure sealants were leached within a range of 0.0023∼2.94% of the original weight of the sealants cured for 4 min, 2 and 12 hours, 3 and 7 days.

콤포짓트 레진의 중합체계에 따른 중합률 및 잔류단량체 유출

문현정,임범순,이용근,송재경,김철위 대한치과기재학회 2001 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.28 No.2

Newly developed curing units for the dental composite resins are claimed to result in optimum properties and short curing time. The purpose of this study was to detemine the curing effectiveness of the curing units, and to evaluate the relationship between the degree of polymerization and leachability of residual monomer. Three composite resins were tested (Z100; z100, Herculite XRV; HX, Heliomolar; HM). Disk specimens of 2 mm in thickness and 6 mm in diameter were cured with a plasma arc [Apollo 95E; at 1370 mW/㎠, for 5 sec.(A5), 10 sec.(A10), 15sec(A15)], halogen lamp [VIP; at 500 mW/㎠, for 13 sec.(V13), 26 sec.(V26), 40 sec.(V40)] and custom made light emitting diode [LED; at 500 mW/㎠, for 13 sec.(L13), 26 sec.(L26), 40 sec.(L40)]. Specimens were immersed in 75% ethanol for 7 days. Eluates of the composites were analyzed by a high-performance liquid chromatography, and the degree of polymerization of composites were determined by a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. To obtain the sufficient curing by a plasma arc, the curing time should be longer than 10 sec. When the same light energy was irradiated, LED showed similar curing performance to halogen lamp. The light energy and the degree of polymerization was not correlated (p>0.05), but the light energy and the leachability of residual monomer was correlated (p<0.05). The leachability of residual monomer (TEGDMA+BisGMA) depended on the degree of polymerization.

구강조건과 유사용액에서 치과용 소와열구 전색제의 잔류 단량체 용출

문현정,이용근,임범순,김철위 대한치과기재학회 2000 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.27 No.1

The estrogenic effect of Bisphenol A (BPA) was targeted because BPA can be present as an impurity in resins (Bis-GMA), or as a degradation product from other resins. 75% ethanol was used as a food-simulating liquids, similar liquid as oral environment, and solubility parameter of which matches that of resin. The purpose of this study was to identify and quantify BPA, TEGDMA, UDMA, Bis-GMA, and degradation product of Bis-GMA that might be released from seven resin-based pit and fissure sealants (CON ; Concise, PFS ; Pit & Fissure Sealant, ELT ; Elite, FSF ; Fissurit F, TMF ; Teethmate F1, UXF ; Ultraseal XT Plus, and HEL ; Helioseal). Specimens were embeded in 1 mm (T) x 5 mm (D) molds then cured and were immersed in 75% ethanol (EH) and artificial saliva (AS) for 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. The extracts were analyzed by HPLC. All the components except BPA were leached highly at the initial stage, so the amount of component leached was not linear with the immersion time. In AS, only TEGDMA was leached. There were significant differences in the amount of eluted TEGDMA depending on the solution (p<0.05) in CON, PFS and ELI group (p<0.05). The amount of eluted BPA was various depending in the sealant (0.023∼2.790 ㎍/㎎). TEGDMA was leached highly from ELI, CON, and HEL in both EH and AS. Bis-GMA was leached from all the sealants, whereas UDMA was leached only from PFS, ELI, FSF, and UXP. The detected amount of BPA and the content of Bis-GMA was not correlated (p>0.05). Bis-GMA did not seem to be decomposed to BPA during the 28 days immersion period. EH penetrates the matrix of pit & fissure sealant, which has been shown to maximize the elution of resin components.

치과용 소와열구 전색제의 조성 용출에 관한 실험적 연구

문현정,임범순,김철위 대한치과기재학회 1999 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.26 No.3

From the recent study, it has raised controversy and concern about an estrogenic chemical, bisphenol-A, which was released from resin-based dental pit and fissure sealants. The purpose of this study was to identify and quantify bisphenol-A and other key leachable components that might be released from dental pit and fissure sealants. Five commercially available light-cured resin-based pit and fissure sealants were studied (CON, PEI, ELI, FSF, and TFI). Specimens were prepared from approximately 50㎕ of each pit and fissure sealants. After curing, specimens were weighed and immersed in two different solution (deionized water and 99.99% ethyl alcohol) for 5 hrs. solutions were analyzed by using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Gas Chromatography (GC), Mass Spectroscopy (MS), and Ultraviolet Spectrophotometer (US) to detect various leachable components (bisphenol-A ; BPA, triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate ; TEGDMA, bis-glycidyl dimethacrylate ; Bis-GMA). There specimens of each sealant were tested. From the experiment, the following results were obtained : In deionized water, peak with retention time of 2.70 min was identified as TEGDMA and the amount of TEGDMA elution from specimens showed statistically significant difference (p<0.05). In ethyl alcohol, peaks with retention times of 2.70 and 6.04 (4.80) min were identified as TEGDMA and Bis-GMA (UDMA), respectively. TEGDMA eluted from CON, PIF, and ELI showed no statistically significant difference (p>0.05). Also, Bis-GMA eluted from CON, ELI, and FSF showed no statistically significant difference(p>0.05). However bisphenol-A was detected at PIT specimen in ethyl alcohol (retention time : 2.51 min in HPLC and 8.02 min in GC-Mass.). The monomers of pit and fissure sealants were leached within a range of 0.04∼1.94 % of the original weight of the cured sealant for five hours.

치과용 실험 레진에서 광 기시제와 중합억제제 함량이 광중합에 주는 영향

신현철,임범순,최재윤,이용근 大韓齒科器材學會 2004 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.31 No.4

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of fraction of photo-initiator and inhibitor in the experimental resins on the degree of polymerization using a FT-IR and dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA). Eight experimental dental resins, four different concentrations of photo-initiator (EXP-A, EXP-B, EXP-C, EXP-D) and four different concentrations of inhibitor (EXP-E, EXP-F, EXP-G, EXP-H), were tested. Storage modulus was measured by using DMA (StressTech Rheometer, Rheologica Instrument, Sweden) with fast oscillation mode (1 Hz). After disk-typed (4 ㎜×1 ㎜) samples were irradiated with Halogen light curing unit at 500 ㎽/㎠ for 30 sec, the storage modulus was recorded continuously for 60 min. The degree of conversion was also measured using the FT-IR spectroscopy (FTS-165, Biorad Win-IR, Perkin-Elmer, USA) at 1 hr and 24 hrs after irradiation with the same curing condition as DMA test. The average of results for five specimens was analyzed using Tukey multiple comparison test (p=0.05). From the results, the minimum concentration of photo-initiator was 0.35 wt.% and the maximum concentration of inhibitor was 0.15-0.20 wt.% to obtain the proper polymerization. To enhance the biocompatibility, the concentration of photo-initiator should be added to dental resins as low as possible. To prolong the shelf-life, the concentration of inhibitor should be added to dental resins as much as possible, but biocompatibility due to the inhibitor should be considered to determine the optimum concentration.