Aggressive angiomyxoma as the cause of lower urinary tract symptoms

Lee, Sang Hyub,Kim, Youn Wha,Chang, Sung Goo 大韓泌尿器科學會 2009 Korean Journal of Urology Vol.50 No.12

Investigation and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals Contamination around an Abandoned Metal Mine in Korea

Lee, Jong-Wha,Kwak, Soon-Sun,Hong, Sung-Chul,Park, Sang-Il,Jang, Bong-Ki Korean Society of Environmental Health 2010 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.36 No.6

Recently, heavy metals contamination of the agricultural soil and crops surrounding mining areas has been identified as one of the most serious environmental problems in South Korea. The Ministry of the Environment in Korea conducted a Preliminary National Environmental Health Survey (PNEHS) in abandoned metal mines in 2007. The priority for a subsequent detailed examination was ranked from the results of PNEHS. The studied mine which was ranked as being of the highest priority is located in the midwestern part of Korea and was operated from 1911 to 1985. In this study, the contamination levels of the heavy metals in the abandoned metal mine were investigated. From the results, the average daily dose (ADD), target hazard quotient (THQ) and target cancer risk of the heavy metals were evaluated. The concentration of arsenic (As) in all of the tailings from the mine was higher than its countermeasure standard of Korea. In particular, the highest concentration of As, 330 mg/kg, was up to 15 times higher than its countermeasure standard. The average concentration of As in agricultural soils was higher than the warning standard of Korea, and higher than its countermeasure standard at six sites. The average concentrations of the analyzed heavy metals in agricultural soil were below the warning standard, but concentrations of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) at 4 sites were higher than its warning standard. The average concentration of As in surface water exceeded the warning standard of Korea. The value of the THQ of As for the tailings was higher than the health protection standard 1. The value of THQ of As for the farmlands was lower than the standard, while the hazard index (HI) of As was higher than the standard. The value of target cancer risk (TCR) of As, $6.44{\times}10^{-4}$, were higher than the health protection standard of a lifetime risk for TCR at $1{\times}10^{-6}$. This suggests that the residents around the metal mines are exposed to As pollution with a carcinogenic risk.

The Development of Four-year-old Children in Korea

Lee, Eun Wha,Lee, Sang Kum,Lee, Kyoung Woo,Lee, Ki Sook EAST WEST EDUCATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE EWHA WOMANS 1994 East west education Vol.15 No.-

Probing Conformational Changes of Ubiquitin by Host-Guest Chemistry Using Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Lee, Jong Wha,Heo, Sung Woo,Lee, Shin Jung C.,Ko, Jae Yoon,Kim, Hyungjun,Kim, Hugh I. Springer-Verlag 2013 Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrome Vol.24 No.1

<P>We report mechanistic studies of structural changes of ubiquitin (Ub) by host-guest chemistry with cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]) using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) combined with circular dichroism spectroscopy and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. CB[6] binds selectively to lysine (Lys) residues of proteins. Low energy collision-induced dissociation (CID) of the protein-CB[6] complex reveals CB[6] binding sites. We previously reported (<I>Anal. Chem.</I> 2011, 83, 7916-7923) shifts in major charge states along with Ub-CB[6] complexes in the ESI-MS spectrum with addition of CB[6] to Ub from water. We also reported that CB[6] is present only at Lys<SUB>6</SUB> or Lys<SUB>11</SUB> in high charge state (+13) complex. In this study, we provide additional information to explain unique conformational change mechanisms of Ub by host-guest chemistry with CB[6] compared with solvent-driven conformational change of Ub. Additional CID study reveals that CB[6] is bound only to Lys<SUB>48</SUB> and Lys<SUB>63</SUB> in low charge state (+7) complex. MD simulation studies reveal that the high charge state complexes are attributed to the CB[6] bound to Lys<SUB>11</SUB>. The complexation prohibits salt bridge formation between Lys<SUB>11</SUB> and Glu<SUB>34</SUB> and induces conformational change of Ub. This results in formation of high charge state complexes in the gas phase. Then, by utilizing stronger host-guest chemistry of CB[6] with pentamethylenediamine, refolding of Ub via detaching CB[6] from the protein is performed. Overall, this study gives an insight into the mechanism of denatured Ub ion formation via host-guest interactions with CB[6]. Furthermore, this provides a direction for designing function-controllable supramolecular system comprising proteins and synthetic host molecules.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Conceptualizing 'the Asian' and Asian Women’s Studies

LEE, Sang Wha 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2008 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.14 No.4

'Asian Women' or 'Asian Women's Studies' are an outcome of newly emerging knowledge production. This paper is an attempt to re-conceptualize and redefine these categories, while reflecting on existing post-colonial discourses. I would like to propose the developing of more positive theorization, institution building, and creating practices in Asian Women’s Studies, not by merely critiquing the limitations of the western standard, but by superseding the dichotomous approaches of the West vs. the non-West, the global vs. the local, and identity vs. differences. This paper aims to set up a philosophical basis for asserting that a new horizon has been created by 'women' subjects through practices of solidarity and by assuming multiple identities as 'Asian Women', discussing locational feminism and the ontology of becoming.

Intelligent Management Platform for Optical Cross-Connect Network Elements

Lee, Sang-Wha 서원대학교 미래창조연구소 2004 과학과 문화 Vol.1 No.1

본 논문에서는 OXC 객체의 효율적인 운영을 위한 프록시 에이전트 운영 플랫폼을 제안한다. OXC는 WDM 네트워크를 재구성시키는 복잡한 WDM 네트워크의 구성 자원이다. OXC는 3R 모듈, 먹스/디먹스 모듈, 트랜스폰더 모듈, 광스위치 모듈, OA&M 프로세스 모듈과 같은 부 네트워크 자원들로 구성된다. OXC 네트워크 자원 운영에서는 OXC의 부 네트워크 자원들로부터 발생하는 정보의 수집, 알람 경보, MIB의 업데이트, 그리고 OXC 네트워크 자원 운영 시스템의 원격 제어 등의 기능이 요구된다. 프록시 에이전트 기능을 갖고 있는 OXC 네트워크 자원 운영은 부 네트워크 자원의 형성과 제어 및 운영을 담당하고 CORBA 기반의 인터페이스를 통해서 통합적으로 접근된다. OXC 네트워크 자원 운영 시스템의 프록시 에이전트는 자신의 MIB 정보를 SNMP와/또는 CMIP에게 제공한다. 이러한 플랫폼에서는 코드를 재사용할 수 있으며 ORB를 통한 부 네트워크 자원과 프록시 에이전트의 인터페이스를 제공하고 또한 위임과 인증 기능을 제공한다. 논문에서 제안하는 플랫폼은 모의 테스트 베드를 통한 검증 및 객체의 첨가 삭제를 쉽게 함으로써 지능형 OXC 시스템으로 발전시킬 수 있다.

Relationship between the values of blood parameters and physical status in Korean native calves with diarrhea

Sung-Hwan Lee,Eun Wha Choi,Doo Kim 대한수의학회 2020 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.21 No.2

Dehydration, electrolyte disturbance, and acid-base imbalance are the most significant consequences of diarrhea in calves. We aimed to determine blood gas, hematological, electrolyte, and biochemical values and investigate the relationship between the physical status and blood parameters in Korean native calves (KNCs) with diarrhea. One hundred eighty KNCs with diarrhea (age < 75 days) were investigated. Blood samples were collected from the external jugular vein and analyzed using a portable clinical blood gas analyzer. The measured parameters were statistically compared according to the status of physical activity, dehydration, or prognosis. The mean values of parameters in the Calves with diarrhea showed metabolic acidosis, hyponatremia, and azotemia. The mean values of potassium, chloride, hematocrit, and hemoglobin were in the upper limit of their reference ranges. More than 75% of the calves had metabolic acidosis caused by bicarbonate loss, and 63.6% had high blood urea nitrogen (BUN) values. Moreover, BUN showed the highest correlation with the physical activity status and dehydration. pH, base excess of the extracellular fluid (BE), anion gap, potassium, hematocrit, bicarbonate, and hemoglobin were closely correlated with physical deterioration and dehydration (p < 0.001). BUN, pH, BE, and anion gap were closely correlated with physical deterioration and dehydration. These correlations between clinical symptoms and blood gas parameters can be clinically relevant in predicting the status of parameters according to clinical symptoms.

Oxidative stability of extracts from red ginseng and puffed red ginseng in bulk oil or oil-in-water emulsion matrix

Lee, Sang-Jun,Oh, Sumi,Kim, Mi-Ja,Sim, Gun-Sub,Moon, Tae Wha,Lee, JaeHwan The Korean Society of Ginseng 2018 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.42 No.3

Background: Explosive puffing can induce changes in the chemical, nutritional, and sensory quality of red ginseng. The antioxidant properties of ethanolic extracts of red ginseng and puffed red ginseng were determined in bulk oil and oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions. Methods: Bulk oils were heated at $60^{\circ}C$ and $100^{\circ}C$ and O/W emulsions were treated under riboflavin photosensitization. In vitro antioxidant assays, including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhudrazyl, 2,2'-azinobis-3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, ferric reducing antioxidant power, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content, were also performed. Results: The total ginsenoside contents of ethanolic extract from red ginseng and puffed red ginseng were 42.33 mg/g and 49.22 mg/g, respectively. All results from above in vitro antioxidant assays revealed that extracts of puffed red ginseng had significantly higher antioxidant capacities than those of red ginseng (p < 0.05). Generally, extracts of puffed red and red ginseng had high antioxidant properties in riboflavin photosensitized O/W emulsions. However, in bulk oil systems, extracts of puffed red and red ginseng inhibited or accelerated rates of lipid oxidation, depending on treatment temperature and the type of assay used. Conclusion: Although ethanolic extracts of puffed red ginseng showed stronger antioxidant capacities than those of red ginseng when in vitro assays were used, more pro-oxidant properties were observed in bulk oils and O/W emulsions.

The Effect that the Application of Time-Based Electrolysis Has on Acute Ischemia

Lee, Jung Sook,Song, Young Wha,Kim, Sung Won International Academy of Physical Therapy Research 2015 Journal of International Academy of Physical Ther Vol.6 No.2

This neurological damage accelerates the infection reaction of cells and apoptosis at the time of reperfusion after ischemia occurs. BCL-2/BCL-2 allogeneic begeminum has a function of suppressing the apoptosis of cells, and thus it is inferred that the susceptibility of cells to apoptosis is determined by the amount of allogeneic begeminum present which is determined based on the amount of BAX. Ischemia was induced in SD mice by occluding the common carotid artery for 5 minutes, after which blood was re-perfused. NEES was applied to acupuncture points, at 12, 24, and 48 hours post-ischemia on the joksamri, Hapgok. Protein expression was investigated through BAX antibody immuno-reactive cells in the cerebral nerve cells and Western blotting. The results were as follows: In the present study as well, as a result of observation of the change in the number of the BAX reaction cells after the inducement of GI, there was the aspect of most of the BAX reaction cells being observed in the corpus striatum area of the GI group 24 hours after the inducement of ischemia. This revealed the same results as those of previous studies in which the change in the number of BAX reaction cells occurred in all areas while ischemia was in progress. The change in the expression of BAX protein after 24 hours showed that there was a very significant reduction in the NEES group compared to the GI group (p<.01). As a result, a greatest amount of change in the number of BAX immunoreactive cells related to apoptosis 24 hours after ischemia appeared in the NEES group. This study that ischemia increases the expression of BAX that induces apoptosis. Thus, it is determined that ischemia is the main cause of the apoptosis of neurons, and this study reveals that low frequency needle electrode electrical stimulation has the effect of blocking the apoptosis of neurons by reducing protein related to the apoptosis of cells that has increased after ischemia has occurred.

Study on Young’s Modulus of Geomaterials used in Korean Railway Infrastructures

Sung Jin Lee,Seong Hyeok Lee,Il Wha Lee,Su Beom Hwang,Ki Jae Kim 한국철도학회 2013 International Journal of Railway Vol.6 No.2

In this study, cyclic triaxial tests were carried out with the coarse granular materials used in Korean railway infrastructure (reinforced trackbed, gravel of transition zone, upper subgrade of railway) and Young’s modulus for the target materials in small strain level were suggested. And the result of elastic modulus suggested in this study is expected to be effectively applied to dynamic analysis of the railway embankment structure using similar material, since the grain size distributions and unit weight of the material tested in this study are specified in Korean Railway Design Criteria.