얼굴 및 눈 위치 추적을 통한 IPTV 화면 인터페이스 제어에 관한 연구

이원오(Won Oh Lee),이의철(Eui Chul Lee),박강령(Kang Ryoung Park),이희경(HeeKyung Lee),박민식(Minsik Park),이한규(Han-Kyu Lee),홍진우(Jin Woo Hong) 한국통신학회 2010 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.35 No.6b

최근 HCI 분야에서 사용자의 시선 추적을 통해 보다 편리한 입력 장치를 개발하려는 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 하지만 기존의 시선 추적 방법들은 부가적인 사용자 착용형 장비를 필요로 하거나 원거리에서 작동되지 않는 문제 등으로 인해 IPTV 환경에서 적용하기 어려운 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 사용자 착용없이 고정된 하나의 카메라를 이용하여 얼굴을 취득하고, 취득된 얼굴 영역 내에서 눈의 위치를 검출하여 IPTV의 화면 인터페이스를 제어할 수 있는 새로운 방법을 제안한다. 또한, Adaboost 방법으로 얼굴이나 눈이 성공적으로 검출되지 못했을 경우에도, 계층적 KLT (Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi)특징 추적 방법을 통해 구해진 모션 벡터를 이용하여 화면 인터페이스를 제어할 수 있는 방법을 제안한다. 이처럼, 본 논문의 방법은 기존의 방법과는 달리 실제 IPTV의 시청거리인 2m 정도의 원거리에서도 사용가능하며, 카메라 이외에 별도의 장치를 착용할 필요가 없으므로 편의성이 높고 얼굴 움직임의 제약이 없다는 장점이 있다. 실험결과, 입력되는 얼굴 영상을 초당 15프레임의 속도로 실시간 처리함을 확인할 수 있었으며, 기존 입력 장치의 역할을 충분히 대신할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. Recently, many researches for making more comfortable input device based on gaze detection have been vigorously performed in human computer interaction. However, these previous researches are difficult to be used in IPTV environment because these methods need additional wearing devices or do not work at a distance. To overcome these problems, we propose a new way of controlling IPTV interface by using a detected face and eye positions in single static camera. And although face or eyes are not detected successfully by using Adaboost algorithm, we can control IPTV interface by using motion vectors calculated by pyramidal KLT (Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi) feature tracker. These are two novelties of our research compared to previous works.

Anisotropic growth mechanism of tungsten diselenide domains using chemical vapor deposition method

Lee, Yoobeen,Jeong, Heekyung,Park, Yi-Seul,Han, Seulki,Noh, Jaegeun,Lee, Jin Seok Elsevier BV * North-Holland 2018 Applied Surface Science Vol.432 No.2

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Anisotropic transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) domains have stimulated a growing interest mainly due to their electronic properties that depend on the size, shape, and edge structures of the domains. In this work, we investigated the anisotropic morphogenesis and edge terminations of tungsten diselenide (WSe<SUB>2</SUB>) domains grown on sapphire substrates by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using tungsten oxide (WO<SUB>3</SUB>) and selenium (Se) powders as precursors. We varied the amount of Se powder and growth temperature during the CVD process, which in turn caused variations in the growth mechanism and kinetic energies of precursors. We succeeded in synthesizing hexagonal, square, circular, and triangular anisotropic WSe<SUB>2</SUB> domains. They were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL) analyses, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Furthermore, we proposed the growth mechanism of anisotropic WSe<SUB>2</SUB> domains with different edge terminations based on experimental observations through scanning tunneling microscope (STM).</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> WSe<SUB>2</SUB> domains were grown on sapphire substrate by chemical vapor deposition utilizing WO<SUB>3</SUB> and Se powders as precursors. </LI> <LI> WSe<SUB>2</SUB> domains was characterized by using Raman spectroscopy, PL, and AFM analysis. </LI> <LI> The kinetic energies of precursors strongly influenced the morphology and size of the WSe<SUB>2</SUB> domains formed during the growth process. </LI> <LI> Anisotropic morphogenesis and edge terminations of WSe<SUB>2</SUB> domains were investigated. </LI> </UL> </P>

Implementation of TV-Anytime Compliant STB for Personalized TV Service

HeeKyung Lee,Seung-Jun Yang,Jae-Gon Kim,Jinwoo Hong 대한전자공학회 2004 ICEIC:International Conference on Electronics, Inf Vol.2004 No.8

Examination of Critical Factors Related to Summer Chlorophyll <i>a</i> Concentration in the Sueo Dam Reservoir, Republic of Korea

Lee, Seungjae,Lee, Sangeun,Kim, Sung Hoon,Park, Heekyung,Park, Sangjun,Yum, Kyungtaek Mary Ann Liebert 2012 Environmental engineering science Vol.29 No.6

<P>This study examined critical factors related to the short-term variation of algae growth in reservoirs during the summer. To this end, statistical tests were carried out at a small dam reservoir to determine how chemical factors (e.g., nutrient concentrations) and physical factors (e.g., theoretical and relative residence times, temperature) influenced the chlorophyll a (Chl-a) concentration. Statistical tests revealed that, although phosphorus (P) concentration was significant for Chl-a, residence time had much stronger relationship to Chl-a concentration than chemical factors. In addition, the study verified that relative residence time (RRT) best explained the relation of water status to algae growth. RRT was found to be useful in identifying water status related to the summer algae bloom. Finally, this study raised the possibility of inhibiting summer algae growth by operating dam reservoirs moderately. These findings need to be seriously considered when reservoir operators establish effective strategies for water quality management in summer.</P>

Personalized TV services based on TV-anytime for personal digital recorder

Lee, HeeKyung,Kim, Jae-Gon,Yang, Seung-Jun,Hong, Jinwoo IEEE 2005 IEEE transactions on consumer electronics Vol.51 No.3

In this paper, we present a design and implementation of a TV-anytime compliant personal digital recorder (PDR) that provides personalized services according to user preferences and various terminal/network conditions. Especially, automatic extraction algorithm of user preference is introduced. This paper mainly details with a metadata engine which performs metadata demultiplexing, metadata decoding, and metadata-based content access and browsing. The implemented PDR employing the metadata engine is successfully tested with a set of personalized service scenarios in an end-to-end broadcasting test-bed.

Digital implant dentistry A to Z

Lee Heekyung 대한치과이식(임프란트)학회 2021 The Korean Academy of Implant Dentistry Vol.40 No.1

Monthly chlorophyll-a prediction using neuro-genetic algorithm for water quality management in Lakes

Lee, Gooyong,Bae, Jungeun,Lee, Sangeun,Jang, Min,Park, Heekyung Taylor Francis 2016 Desalination and Water Treatment Vol.57 No.55

<P>A genetic algorithm (GA) was combined with artificial neural networks (ANN), designated as neuro-genetic algorithm (NGA) in this study, to determine the effective number of nodes and optimal activated functions (FAs) in an ANN structure. Developed NGA was applied to predict Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations in one-month increments in Lakes used as drinking water sources. Correlation analysis was used to setup input parameters. A simulation was conducted for four study sites with the most serious Chl-a problems in South Korea. Results from correlation analysis have indicated that phosphate phosphorus (PO4-P) and electrical conductivity showed high correlation with Chl-a, a factor not often considered in other studies. As the results of prediction of one-month forward Chl-a concentration, NGA showed high accuracy, with averaged determination coefficients of 0.89 and 0.84 in training and testing period, respectively. Double hidden layers showed better performance than a single hidden layer, while a logistic sigmoid function was frequently selected by the genetic algorithm in hidden layers in comparison with linear and hyperbolic tangent function. Practical uses for NGA in proactive water quality management are also discussed in this study.</P>

CD4⁺CD25⁺ regulatory T cells attenuate cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in mice

Lee, Hyojung,Nho, Dukhee,Chung, Hwan-Suck,Lee, Heekyung,Shin, Min-Kyu,Kim, Sung-Hoon,Bae, Hyunsu International Society of Nephrology 2010 Kidney international Vol.78 No.11

Nephrotoxicity limits the use of cisplatin, a widely used chemotherapeutic agent for treatment of various malignancies. Overall, CD4<SUP>+</SUP> T cells mediate cisplatin-induced renal injury; however, the CD4<SUP>+</SUP>CD25<SUP>+</SUP> regulatory T-cell subset (CD4<SUP>+</SUP>CD25<SUP>+</SUP> Treg) has broad suppressive effects on many different cell types. In this study, we determined whether CD4<SUP>+</SUP>CD25<SUP>+</SUP> Treg cells had protective effects against cisplatin-induced acute renal injury in nu/nu mice that lack mature T cells. In these mice, there was marked attenuation of the decreased survival, renal dysfunction and tubular injury, renal tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-1β cytokine levels. Furthermore, renal macrophage accumulation was reduced in CD4<SUP>+</SUP>CD25<SUP>+</SUP> Treg cell-adoptive transferred nu/nu mice compared with control mice. Infusion of CD4<SUP>+</SUP>CD25<SUP>+</SUP>Treg cells into wild-type Balb/c mice reduced serum blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels equivalent to those in nu/nu mice and extended their survival time after cisplatin injection. In contrast, depletion of CD4<SUP>+</SUP>CD25<SUP>+</SUP> Treg cells in wild-type mice exacerbated kidney injury after cisplatin administration. Transcription factor Foxp3-positive cells (Treg cells) were detected in the kidneys of nu/nu mice after cisplatin injection. Our results suggest that CD4<SUP>+</SUP>CD25<SUP>+</SUP> Treg cells directly affect cisplatin nephrotoxicity and their modulation represents an additional treatment strategy.

A Clinical Study on the Irritation Response at the Oral Tissue by Use of Several Dentifrice

Yunhui Lee,Heekyung Lee,Dongfan,Jinyoung Noh 대한예방치과학회 2015 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.11 No.1

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine 3 kinds of dentifrice contained such ingredients as CaCo3 and tocoperol citrate as brand A, silica; hydrogen carbonate sodium and pyro-phosphate sodium as brand B and silica, Megnolia extracts, carbon oxide dried exo and sodium fluoride and sodium carbonate as brand C. Methods: Fifty-one adults volunteers were participated in this clinical study, through the examination of gingival inflammation through photo taking of oral cavity by use of digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) camera, as well as the questionnaire after using the dentifrice. Results: Excessive smell from flavor was felt the most in group B users and group C was the next and the last in group A, otherwise there was no significant different between group A data and group C, in statistical (p<0.05). The comprehensive feeling for satisfaction on using dentifrice was the best in group C and the next in group A and the last in group B. Papillary marginal attached index as frontal area inflammation degree was the highest in group B and the relatively lower in group A and group C (p<0.05), but there was no significant different between in group A and in group C, statistically (p>0.05). Conclusion: It was recommended to use the natural anti-septic materials as Magnoia extracts such like as contained in group C dentifrice gradually instead of the use of the artificial conservatives or antiseptics in dentifrice for safety on health and reduction of irritation from those ingredients in dentifrice

[논문]새로운 '소리'를 찾아서 : 바레즈를 통해 본 20세기 음악의 경계들

이희경(Heekyung Lee) 낭만음악사 2005 낭만음악 Vol.- No.68

이 글은 자신의 시대를 누구보다 창조적으로 열어 나간 작곡가 에드가 바레즈의 문제의식을 통해 그가 경계 지운 20세기 현대음악의 주요 화두들을 살펴본 것이다. 우선 바레즈의 문제의식이 형성된 배경을 20세기 초 유럽의 사회문화적·예술적 환경(헬름홀츠의 음지각이론과 부조니의 미래음악 구상, 미래파의 소음예술과 새로운 전자 악기들의 대두 등) 속에서 간략하게 다룬 후, 1)'음'이 아니라 '소리', '선율'이 아니라 '조직된 소리', 2)공간적 음악 혹은 음악적 공간, 3)새로운 악기와 새로운 매체의 문제라는 세 가지 측면에서 바레즈의 문제의식을 다루면서 그것과 연관된 현대음악의 흐름들을 짚어본다. 마지막으로 바레즈가 선취한 이러한 문제의식들이 20세기 후반의 예술적 환경 속에서 어떻게 이어져 가는지를 고찰한다. Edgard Varese (1883-1965) is one of the most influential composers in the 20th century. His musical concept was a new paradigm for the next generations and his compositions were so original and innovative that the following musical situations seem to develop his ideas. But he has received relatively little attention in the mainstream of European music historian until the 1990s.<br/> This paper examines the musical issues presented by Varese under the topic "In the search of unexplored sound". Firstly, it deals with the cultural circumstances of the early 20th century (Helmholtz' theory, Busoni's new musical vision, musical futurism etc.) that stimulated Varese to conceive his ideas. Secondly, the three main aspects of Varese's questions are discussed: 'organized sound', 'music as spatial', and 'new instruments and new media', which have been also the principal concerns in the following years characterized by electronic and computer music. Finally, it addresses the influence of Varese on various fields of music, ranging from the avant-garde composers such as Messiaen, Boulez, Xenakis to Jazz and Rock musician like Charlie Parker or Frank Zappa etc.