웰에이징을 위한 웰다잉 인식 및 교육 요구도 연구

장경희 (Kyung-Hee Chang) 건양대학교 웰다잉융합연구소 2022 한국건강사회융합연구 Vol.1 No.2

연령과 성별 요인에 따른 맞장구 수행 실태 조사

장경희 ( Kyung Hee Chang ),김순자 ( Sun Ja Kim ) 한국텍스트언어학회 2008 텍스트언어학 Vol.25 No.-

This study aims to find out if backchannel practice of Korean has any significant characteristics in variables of age and gender. Following is the results of this study. First, depending on the frequency of backchannel practice, any significant differences were not discovered in age group. However, there were some differences in gender group. Women were disposed to perform backchannel more often than men. Second, the preceding speaker`s utterance length where we prefer to perform backchannel was calculated to be 8 words on an average. As to this aspect, no differences were discovered both among age groups and among gender groups. Third, basing on the types of backchannel performance, the younger primary students prefer to a simple type to show their listening attitude and attention to the preceding speaker`s utterance, and the older students and adults were used to perform backchannel affirming or agreeing to the proposition content of preceding speaker.(Hanyang University)

지시 화행에 대한 유아의 응대 방법

장경희 ( Kyung Hee Chang ) 국어교육학회 2008 國語敎育學硏究 Vol.33 No.-

본 연구는 지시 화행에 대한 유아들의 응대 방법을 관찰하고 그 특성을 알아보는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구 대상이 된 아동들은 관찰 초기에 생후 24~34개월이었던 8명의 정상 발달 유아들이다. 지시 화행에 대한 응대 방법을 상호작용성의 정도에 따라 상호작용적 응대, 준상호작용적 응대, 비상호작용적 응대로 구분하고 각각의 유형이 유아 발화에서 어떻게 나타나는지를 살펴본 결과, 준상호작용적 응대와 비상호작용적 응대가 성인에 비해 자주 나타난다는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 월령이 높은 집단에서 상호작용적 응대가 차지하는 비율이 더 높다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 다음으로, 요구 수용 여부에 따라 수락과 거절로 나누어 유아의 응대에 나타나는 특징을 살펴본 결과, 수락 응대에서는 행위 묘사, 결과 묘사 등이 유아의 특징적인 응대 방법으로 나타났다. 거절 응대에서는 `-아니야.` 등의 부정법으로 거절을 수행하는 점 등에서 성인과 차이를 보였다. 선행 지시에 대한 응대자의 관점에 따라서 보면, 유아의 응대 대부분이 행동 수행에 초점을 두는 행위적 관점의 응대에 속했고, 자신의 인지적 상태나 판단에 초점을 두는 인지적 관점의 응대는 상대적으로 늦게 나타나는 것으로 관찰되었다. 정서적 관점의 응대의 경우, 거절에서는 자주 나타나는 반면에 수락에서는 거의 발견되지 않았다. This study aims to observe the styles of child response to demand and find out if there are any characteristics in child response. Subjects were 8 normal children who were 24-34 months of age at the time of first assessment. We classified response styles according to the degree of interaction-interactional response, semi-interactional response, non-interactional response. Analysis of response styles showed that semi-interactional response and non-interactional response are common in young children`s utterances. Interactional response increased with the growth of age. And response styles can be classified as acceptance and refusal whether the speaker accept the demand or not. Regarding acceptance, it was observed that children often use unique style. For example, some children describe their own conduct, or describe the result of their having performed the demand. With regard to refusal, young children show high percentage of negative sentences such as `It`s not -.`. We can also classify response styles as behavioral response, perceptional response and emotional response according to the speaker`s point. The whole young children focused on behavior when they receave the demand. And as they grow in months, the focus has shifted to perception. The emotional response was found frequently in acceptance but was hardly found in refusal.

일반 논문 : 국어 지시 화행의 유형과 방법 및 지시 강도

장경희 ( Kyung Hee Chang ) 한국텍스트언어학회 2005 텍스트언어학 Vol.19 No.-

진술에 대한 긍정과 부정

장경희(Kyung Hee Chang) 한국어의미학회 1999 한국어 의미학 Vol.5 No.-

This paper deals with responses to statements in conversation. It first observes that there are various ways to respond to the speech act of statement. Based on the observations, it claims that major responses to a statement consist in affirming or denying the content of the statement. The responding speaker seems to perform the speech act responding to a statement with regard to one of the following three points: the utterance, its propositional content, and the states of affairs of the world. When the focus is put on the utterance, the responding speaker`s affirmation or denial is performed by categorization the utterances of the preceding speaker`s or estimating them depending on their correspondence to the state of affairs. When the focus is on the propositional content, the affirmation or denial is performed by admitting or not the reality of the propositional content. When the focus is on the state of affairs, lastly, the affirming or denying response is made by describing or making a claim about the existence of the state of affairs.

사전연명의료의향서 작성 동기에 관한 연구

장경희(Kyung-Hee Chang),강경희(Kyung-hee Kang),김두리(Doo Ree Kim),임효남(HyoNam Lim),김광환(Kwang-Hwan Kim) 한국산학기술학회 2019 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.20 No.10

본 연구의 목적은 호스피스·완화의료와 임종과정에 있는 환자에게 최선의 이익을 보장하고 자기결정을 존중하여 인간으로서의 존엄과 가치를 보호하기 위하여 S시 소재의 C 기독교 종교시설을 방문하여 사전연명의료의향서를 작성한 노인을 대상으로 사전연명의료의향서 작성의 동기를 알아보기 위해 시행되었다. 조사 기간은 2019년 7월 1일부터 10일간 진행하였다. 연구 결과 사전 연명의료 의향서 작성 동기에 관해 4개 주제와 8개의 하위주제가 도출되었다. 주제는 ‘자식들을 위해서’, ‘고통스러울 것 같아서’, ‘내 삶을 잘 정리하고 싶어서’, ‘필요성을 느껴서’ 등의 4가지 주제가 도출되었으며, 하부주제로 ‘자식들 고생시키고 싶지 않아서’, ‘자식들에게 의료비 부담주고 싶지 않아서’, ‘고통에 대한 두려움이 있어서’, ‘고통스러워하는 가족의 임종을 돌본 경험이 있어서’, ‘편안한 마음을 위해서’, ‘자기결정권의 중요성을 느껴서’, ‘그전부터 알고는 있었지만 이번에 결심하게 되어서’, ‘정보를 처음 알게 되었는데 결심하게 되어서’였다. 본 연구결과는 노인들의 좋은 죽음을 위한 웰다잉 교육 프로그램 개선과 사전연명의료의향서 작성을 위한 효과적 제도를 보완하기 위한 기초자료가 될 수 있다는 점에서 의의가 있다. This study examined the patient"s advantage and respect self-decision to protect human dignity and values, who are on the pathway of the hospice palliative care and death process. The study subjects were the elderly who had signed the advance medical directives at C Christian religious facilities in S region. The survey period was started on July 1st, 2019 and lasted for ten days. The study resulted in four topics and eight sub-topics on the motivation for preparing advanced medical directives. The four topics were "for children", "fear of pain", "want to clear my life", "felt the necessity", and the sub-topics were "don"t want to make a burden to children", "don"t want to make a worry of medical expenses", "fear of pain", "have experience of taking caring of painful death process", "relaxed mind", "importance of self-decision", "have known it before but now decided", and "it is the new information and decided". This research is meaningful in that it can form the basis for improving well-dying education programs for the good death of the elderly and supplementing effective systems for preparing advance medical directives.

행복 인식에 따른 호스피스 준비의 관심에 관한 연구

장경희(Kyung-Hee Chang),이서희(Seo-Hui Lee),김광환(Kwang-Hwan Kim) 한국산학기술학회 2018 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.19 No.5

본 연구는 일반인들 가운데에서 죽음을 어떻게 인식하고 있느냐에 따라 삶의 태도나 방식이 달라지기 때문에 행복에 따른 죽음인식에 차이가 있는지 알아보고, 행복지수가 높은 그룹과 행복지수가 낮은 그룹간의 호스피스 관심이 차이가 있는지 연구하고자 한다. 2017년 4월 22일 D 광역시에서 열린 걷기대회 행사에 참가한 20세 이상 성인 남녀 200명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문구성은 일반적 특성이 성별, 연령, 학력, 직업, 결혼상태, 가족 동거여부, 종교, 건강상태 8항목이었다. 행복에 관한문항은 총 29항목, 죽음 인식은 9항목으로 구성하였다. 통계 검정법으로는 설문지의 항목에 대하여 행복지수를 기준으로 카이제곱 검정, 독립표본 t-검정, 상관분석, 정준상관분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 임종하기 적합한 장소에 관한 문항에서 행복지수가 낮은 그룹은 “의료기관”이 46.3%로 가장 높았으며, 행복지수가 높은 그룹에서는 “살던 집”이 59.4%로 가장 높게 나타나 유의한 차이를 보였다. 병원에서 임종하는 경우가 훨씬 많은 우리나라의 현실에서 환자들이 원하는 편안하고 익숙한 장소인 집에서 임종을 맞이할 수 있는 방법인 가정형 호스피스의 이용률을 높일 수 있도록 전문 인력의 확보 및 교육 등 관리체계를 보완해야 할 것이라고 보여 진다. 그리고 대상자의 일반적 특성을 고려한 개별적이고 다양한 접근을 통하여 죽음인식을 높이고 호스피스를 효과적으로 이용할 수 있도록 하여야 할 것으로 사료된다. The purpose of this study is to examine whether there is a difference in the awareness of death based on happiness (since attitude or way of life differs among the general public, depending on the perception of death), and to investigate whether there is a difference in the interest in hospices between a group with a high happiness index and a group with a low happiness index. A survey was conducted on 200 men and women aged over 20 who participated in a walking event held in a metropolitan city on April 22, 2017. The survey consisted of eight demographic items: gender, age, education, occupation, marital status, family cohabitation, religion, and health status. It included 29 questions regarding happiness and nine questions regarding the perception of death. For the statistical tests, a chi-square test, an independent sample t-test, correlation analysis, and canonical correlation analysis were performed on the items of the survey based on a happiness index. The results of the study showed that, for a suitable place for death, medical institutions was the highest score (46.3%) for the group with a low happiness index, and own house was highest (59.4%) for the group with a high happiness index. This was a significant difference. It is thought that management systems should be supplemented by professional manpower, educating people so as to increase the utilization rates of home-based hospice as a way for patients to die in a comfortable and familiar place because, for Korea, death is much more common in hospitals. It is also necessary to increase the awareness of death and to make effective use of hospices through individual and various other approaches, considering the demographics of the subjects.

말하기 능력 평가에 관한 요구 조사 연구

장경희 ( Kyung Hee Chang ),권우진 ( Woo Jin Kwon ),김순자 ( Soon Ja Kim ),김정선 ( Jung Sun Kim ),김태경 ( Tae Kyung Kim ),이필영 ( Phil Young Lee ),전은진 ( Eun Jin Jeon ) 한국언어문화학회 2006 한국언어문화 Vol.0 No.31

유아의 호응 표현 발달에 관한 연구

장경희(Chang Kyung-hee),김정선(Kim Jung-sun),한정희(Han Jeong-hee) 우리말글학회 2009 우리말 글 Vol.46 No.-

The purpose of this study is to identify the concrete aspects of development and characteristics of co-occurred expressions of young children at the syntactic and semantic views. The subjects of this study were four toddlers between 24 and 43 months old as a group of longitudinal data and 303 young children between three and six years old as a group of cross-sectional data. The author investigated the time of the first appearance of co-occurred expressions and usage distribution to establish the process of acquiring co-occurred expressions. The results of this study are as follows. First, as for the co-occurred expressions, ‘보다’ and ‘밖에’ appeared first in the longitudinal group followed by ‘아무’, and ‘얼마나’ in order. In the cross-sectional group, ‘도저히’, ‘부터’, ‘아무리’, ‘다시는’ and ‘제발’ were added to the appearance list of the longitudinal group. Second, as for the semantic categories of co-occurred expressions, ‘negation’ category was developed first in the longitudinal group, followed by ‘comparison’ and ‘degree’ in order. In the cross-sectional group, ‘negation’ appeared most and the frequency of the semantic categories including ‘comparison’, ‘degree’, and ‘reason’ was on the increase.

판정 질문에 대한 긍정과 부정

장경희 ( Kyung Hee Chang ) 한국어의미학회 2000 한국어 의미학 Vol.7 No.-

This paper deals with responses to a confirmation-seeking question with focus on responding contents and procedures. Various responses to a confirmation-seeking question can be categorized into four types with regard to those two characteristics. The typical responses, affirming and denying responses, can be classified direct and indirect responses as the contents of responding utterance is direct or not, certain and uncertain responses depending on certainty, simples and extended responses based on responding extension, immediate and procedural responses in term of responding procedure. This paper has explained how those affirming or denying responses are performed.