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Song, Kyo Young,Hyung, Woo Jin,Kim, Hyung Ho,Han, Sang Uk,Cho, Gyu Seok,Ryu, Seung Wan,Lee, Hyuk Joon,Kim, Min Chan Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2008 Journal of surgical oncology Vol.98 No.1
<B>Background and Objectives</B><P>To clarify optimal treatment guidelines for residual or local recurrence after endoscopic resection (ER).</P><B>Methods</B><P>Eighty-six patients underwent gastrectomy due to incomplete ER and local recurrence after ER. The pathological findings of ER and gastrectomy specimens were analyzed.</P><B>Results</B><P>The cause of gastrectomy was categorized into five groups; submucosal (sm) invasion without margin involvement, positive margin, margin not evaluable, high risk of lymph node metastasis and local recurrence after ER. According to the pathological findings of gastrectomy specimens, remnant cancer and lymph node metastases were found in 56 (65.1%) and in 5 patients (5.8%), respectively. At 10 gastrectomy specimens which were sm invasion without margin involvement, the scattered residual cancer cells were found around the ulcer scar in 2 (20%) patients. In 11 of 44 margin involvement specimens, no residual cancer or lymph node metastasis was found. In patients with local recurrence, mean duration from ER to surgery was 14.8 months, and 19% of patients were found to have sm or deeper depth of invasion.</P><B>Conclusion</B><P>Gastrectomy with lymph node dissection should be performed in patients with sm invasion with or without margin involvement. However, minimal approach other than gastrectomy could further be applied to selected patients. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;98:6–10. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</P>
Cho, Hyun-Woo,Shin, Sangsu,Park, Jeong-Woong,Choi, Jae-Young,Kim, Nam-Young,Lee, Woon-Kyu,Lee, Hak-Kyo,Song, Ki-Duk,Cho, Byung-Wook Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.5
While athletic abilities such as speed, endurance and recovery are important in the horse, genes related to these abilities have not been extensively investigated. Here, we characterized the horse peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta ($PPAR{\delta}$) gene and analyzed the expression of $PPAR{\delta}$ during exercise. $PPAR{\delta}$ is a known regulator of ${\beta}$-oxidation, muscle fiber transformation, and running endurance. Through evolutionary analysis using the synonymous and non-synonymous mutation ratio, it was revealed that positive selection occurred in the horse $PPAR{\delta}$ gene. Two important domains related to nuclear hormone receptors, C4 zinc finger and ligand binding domain, were also found to be conserved well in horse $PPAR{\delta}$. Horse $PPAR{\delta}$ was expressed ubiquitously in many tissues, but the expression level was various depending on the tissues. In the skeletal muscle, $PPAR{\delta}$ increased about 2.5 folds after 30 min of exercise. Unlike in muscle, the increase of $PPAR{\delta}$ expression was observed at 60 min but not 30 min of exercise in leukocytes. This finding might be useful for testing the endurance of horse using blood samples. Conclusively, the horse $PPAR{\delta}$ gene is evolutionarily conserved well and can be used as a biomarker of endurance in horse.
Combinatory RNA-Sequencing Analyses Reveal a Dual Mode of Gene Regulation by ADAR1 in Gastric Cancer
Cho, Charles J.,Jung, Jaeeun,Jiang, Lushang,Lee, Eun Ji,Kim, Dae-Soo,Kim, Byung Sik,Kim, Hee Sung,Jung, Hwoon-Yong,Song, Ho-June,Hwang, Sung Wook,Park, Yangsoon,Jung, Min Kyo,Pack, Chan Gi,Myung, Seun Springer-Verlag 2018 Digestive diseases and sciences Vol.63 No.7
Cho, Yongsoo,Lee, Kyo-Beum,Song, Joong-Ho,Lee, Young Il Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2015 IEEE transactions on power electronics Vol. No.
<P>This paper proposes a simple and effective method to reduce torque ripples for the torque predictive control (TPC) of permanent-magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). The conventional TPC analyzes the relationship among the electrical torque, stator flux, and stator voltage using the magnitude of the stator voltage vector of PMSMs to obtain the angle of the reference voltage vector and accurately control the torque. In addition, the stator-flux control uses the hysteresis method. However, the voltage vector that can be chosen in an inverter is limited because the conventional TPC fixes the magnitude of the reference voltage vector, and thus, a large torque ripple is generated in the low-speed region. The proposed TPC does not fix but varies the magnitude of the reference voltage vector using both the torque and flux error information. Therefore, it not only has the fast dynamic of a direct torque control but also can reduce effectively the torque ripple. The proposed method is proven by the simulation and experimental results, and the proposed algorithm provides an excellent steady-state response and fast dynamics.</P>
趙南俊,金台睍,宋昊埈,辛民敎 한국전통의학연구소 1999 한국전통의학지 Vol.9 No.1
For the purpose of developing Korean Herbalogy with the plants of Cruciferae which grow wild and is planted in Korea, the these and writings on herbalogy, from literature of successive generations, have been thoroughly investigative and the results obtained were as follows: 1. There were totaled to 23 genera and 74 species in Korea and among them medicinal plants are 13 genera, 29 species, some 39% in total but, the number of species may be added because of the similiar plants. 2. According to the oriental names which can be used for medical purpose, the medicinal plants belonging, to the Cruciferae family were classified as Herba 8,Semen 7,Radix 4,Foilum,Flos 3,Rhizoma 3,Fructus 1. Thus it was noticed that Herba was the main kind. 3. According to sum of 74 species in Cruciferae family, they were classified into Arabis genera 16, Brassica, Lepidium genera 5 each. Thus it was noticed that Arabis genera was the main kind, some 23% in total. 4. According to the number of species of the origin plants about each chinese materia medicals, they were classified into SEMEN LEPIDII 10,SEMEN SINAPIS 2. Thus the origin plants was not complexed reletively. 5. According to nature and flavour of medicinal plants, they were classified into warmth, heat; 4 each, cold, cool; 7 each, balance 14. Thus it was noticed that balance is the main in nature and flavour of medicinal plants. 6. According to the Properties and Principal curative action, they were classified into Drugs for remove toxic heat with febrifugal and detoxicant drugs, to removing evil heat and resolve dampness ,Drugs for reducing intense internal Heat Digestives and Evacuants 6 each, with promote or activate blood circulation by removing blood stasis ,to clear up heat and resolve phlegm, to remove toxic heat with febrifugal and detoxicant drugs such as 6 each, to regulate the flow of vital energy, to replenish vital essence with drugs 5 each, to dispel pathogenic factors from the exterior of the body with sudorifics pungent in flavor and warming in property, to stop diseases with drugs 3 each. Thus it wasnoticed that to promote or activite blood circuration by removing blood stasis drugs was the main kind. 7. Comparing to whole medicinal plants 89 kinds, toxic durgs include minor toxin were 8 kinds, 9% of the whole.Thus toxic durgs were rare. From this result, it was revealed that the plants for medical purpose in Liliaceae was 76% of the whole, in which Bulbus was mostly abundunt and toxic plants was so rare that it will be used for clinical treatments more easily. It is considered that many experiements and clinical approaches must be continued to use Liliaceae plants widely.
Cho, Jung-Kyo,Hong, Ji Min,Han, Taesu,Yang, Han-Kwang,Song, Soo-Chang Informa UK Ltd. 2013 Journal of drug targeting Vol.21 No.6
<P>Although docetaxel (DTX) is an advanced taxoid, further augmentation of its properties is still required, such as improvement in its low aqueous solubility. Herein, we report the development of biodegradable/injectable poly(organophosphazene) (PPZ) hydrogels for the delivery of DTX without the use of organic solvents. An aqueous solution of PPZ containing α-amino-ω-methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol) (AMPEG) 750 instead of AMPEG 550 was prepared, thereby increasing the erosion capacity of the hydrogel by judicious balance of the hydrophobic/hydrophilic moieties. The safety of the hydrogel was demonstrated using a biocompatibility test. The PPZ aqueous solution (8 wt%) containing DTX exhibited a thermosensitive sol-gel-sol transition that was independent of the concentration of DTX (1-3 mg/mL). The <I>in vitro</I> release study indicated that the dominant release mechanism was either erosion or diffusion/erosion-controlled release depending on the DTX content of the hydrogel. The <I>in vivo</I> anticancer effect of the intratumorally injected PPZ system in human gastric cancer cell-xenografted mice was evaluated, which demonstrated a significantly (<I>p</I> < 0.01) enhanced effect of the DTX-PPZ hydrogel system compared to the control (DTX solution, i.v.). In conclusion, the PPZ hydrogel may be a promising candidate for DTX delivery, affecting a decrease in the size of tumors with little toxicity prior to exeresis.</P>
Song, Kyo-Chang,Cho, Kyoung-Suok,Lee, Sang-Bok The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2010 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.48 No.3
Abnormalities of the posterior arch, including congenitally absent cervical pedicle and cervical spondylolysis, are rare entities that are usually found incidentally on neck radiographs. It is important to recognize these characteristic radiological features because their radiographic appearance may cause them to be confused with more serious entities such as fractures, locked facets, and tumor-induced bony erosions. Also, it is important to distinguish these abnormalities from similar pathologies to prevent the use of inappropriate treatment We report the relevant clinical and radiological findings seen in three cases of posterior arch defect after trauma with review of pertinent literature.