http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
권용정,Kyi Kyi THAN,서상재 한국곤충학회 2006 Entomological Research Vol.36 No.4
The failure of bumblebee queens to enthusiastically start a colony under laboratory conditions may be due to lack of oviposition during an experiment, a long delay in oviposition from the termination of hibernation, and failure to rear a large first brood. In the present study, the use of frozen male pupae to start the colony with the assistance of bumblebee workers rather than fresh, young, male pupae was investigated under controlled room temperature and humidity conditions. The period of initiation of the colony decreased with an increase in the number of worker helpers from one to six. The period was as short as 3.9 days in the presence of six worker helpers. Second and third broods also started earlier with the help of workers. The rate of first worker production per egg cup was double that of the normal method (i.e. without worker helpers). Egg eating behavior of the queen was not found in the first brood if more than two workers helped the development of the larvae. Four worker helpers were found to be sufficient, as they could produce 100% colony foundation and 91.46% first worker production colonies. This study showed that using frozen old pupae is a good stimulator for colony foundation in the presence of four bumblebee worker helpers.
Yi Yi Htun,Nwe Nwe Than,Htar Kyi Swe 대한이식학회 2020 Korean Journal of Transplantation Vol.34 No.1
Background: Renal transplant is an effective treatment option for end-stage kidney disease and tacrolimus is one of the most commonly used immunosuppressant drugs in renal transplant patients. Tacrolimus is a substrate of cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5), and a narrow therapeutic index and large inter-individual variability. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of CYP3A5*3 polymorphism and its effect on the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in post-renal transplant patients at Mandalay General Hospital. Methods: Three different genotypes of CYP3A5 were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism in 54 post-renal transplant recipients. Tacrolimus trough concentrations (Ctrough) were measured by enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique following method validation. The apparent clearance (CL/F) was calculated from measured Ctrough. Results: The frequency of CYP3A5*1 allele was 0.24 and that of CYP3A5*3 allele was 0.76 in the study sample. There were a total of 33 CYP3A5 non-expressors (patients with CYP3A5*3/*3 genotype) and 21 CYP3A5 expressors (patients with CYP3A5*1/*1 or CYP3A5*1/*3 genotype), respectively. CL/F was significantly lower in the non-expressor group than in the expressor group (mean±standard deviation, 12.53±5.28 vs. 21.22±5.95 L/hr; P<0.001). The mean Ctrough and concentration dose ratio (C/D) for tacrolimus in CYP3A5 non-expressors were significantly higher than those in CYP3A5 expressors (Ctrough, 7.14±2.56 vs. 5.92±1.76 ng/mL; C/D, 6.92±4.11 vs. 2.89±1.85 ng/mL/mg), respectively (P<0.05). Conclusions: In this study, 76% of the Myanmar renal transplant recipients carried the CYP3A5*3 allele that was associated with lower functional activity of the CYP3A5 enzyme a lower CL/F of tacrolimus in these Thus, CYP3A5 polymorphism influences the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus, which may affect the pharmacological response to tacrolimus.
Md. Ruhul Amin,Kyi Kyi Than,권용정 한국응용곤충학회 2009 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.12 No.3
The influence of copulation duration on mating frequency and colony development were studied in Bombus terrestris (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Copulation time was recorded in transparent plastic boxes and was manipulated by separating mating pairs. Mean copulation duration was found to be 30.0±8.0 (mean±se) minutes and most matings lasted 20 to 40 min. When queens were only allowed to mate for 2 to 5 min, the chance that they would accept a second mating was 7.2±5.0 % (mean±se). Incompletely mated queens delayed to initiate colonies but they did not show significant difference from fully mated queens in production of new queens and males. This study shows that colony development was not affected by shortcopulation duration.