Influence of compression ratio on combustion characteristics of a VCR engine using Calophyllum inophyllum biodiesel and diesel blends

Swarup Kumar Nayak,Santosh Kumar Nayak,Purna Chandra Mishra,Srinibas Tripathy 대한기계학회 2015 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.29 No.9

The standard configuration parameters of a Variable compression ratio (VCR) engine neglect to give specific execution with biodieselfrom distinctive origins. Alongside, a bunch of exploration of diversified biodiesel over performance and emission analysis, extremelyconstrained work has been taken out on combustion analysis with VCR. This survey was performed to identify the impact of compressionratio on the combustion characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with Calophyllum inophyllum oil methyl ester (COME) and itsblends with diesel. Experiments were conducted at a fixed speed of 1500 RPM, full load and at different compression ratios of 16:1, 17:1and 18:1. Results, revealed that combustion duration of Calophyllum inophyllum oil was more, while the ignition delay period was shorterthan that of diesel.

CLB-ECC: Certificateless Blind Signature Using ECC

Nayak, Sanjeet Kumar,Mohanty, Sujata,Majhi, Banshidhar Korea Information Processing Society 2017 Journal of information processing systems Vol.13 No.4

Certificateless public key cryptography (CL-PKC) is a new benchmark in modern cryptography. It not only simplifies the certificate management problem of PKC, but also avoids the key escrow problem of the identity based cryptosystem (ID-PKC). In this article, we propose a certificateless blind signature protocol which is based on elliptic curve cryptography (CLB-ECC). The scheme is suitable for the wireless communication environment because of smaller parameter size. The proposed scheme is proven to be secure against attacks by two different kinds of adversaries. CLB-ECC is efficient in terms of computation compared to the other existing conventional schemes. CLB-ECC can withstand forgery attack, key only attack, and known message attack. An e-cash framework, which is based on CLB-ECC, has also been proposed. As a result, the proposed CLB-ECC scheme seems to be more effective for applying to real life applications like e-shopping, e-voting, etc., in handheld devices.

Influence of maternal and socioeconomic factors on breast milk fatty acid composition in urban, low‐income families

Nayak, Uma,Kanungo, Suman,Zhang, Dadong,Ross Colgate, E.,Carmolli, Marya P.,Dey, Ayan,Alam, Masud,Manna, Byomkesh,Nandy, Ranjan Kumar,Kim, Deok Ryun,Paul, Dilip Kumar,Choudhury, Saugato,Sahoo, Sushama John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2017 Maternal & child nutrition Vol.13 No.4

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The lipid composition of breast milk may have a significant impact on early infant growth and cognitive development. Comprehensive breast milk data is lacking from low‐income populations in the Indian subcontinent impeding assessment of deficiencies and limiting development of maternal nutritional interventions. A single breast milk specimen was collected within 6 weeks postpartum from two low‐income maternal cohorts of exclusively breastfed infants, from Dhaka, Bangladesh (<I>n</I> = 683) and Kolkata, India (<I>n</I> = 372) and assayed for percentage composition of 26 fatty acids. Mature milk (>15 days) in Dhaka (<I>n</I> = 99) compared to Kolkata (<I>n</I> = 372) was higher in total saturated fatty acid (SFA; mean 48% vs. 44%) and disproportionately lower in ω3‐polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), hence the ω6‐ and ω3‐PUFA ratio in Dhaka were almost double the value in Kolkata. In both sites, after adjusting for days of lactation, increased maternal education was associated with decreased SFA and PUFA, and increasing birth order or total pregnancies was associated with decreasing ω6‐PUFA or ω3‐PUFA by a factor of 0.95 for each birth and pregnancy. In Dhaka, household prosperity was associated with decreased SFA and PUFA and increased ω6‐ and ω3‐PUFA. Maternal height was associated with increased SFA and PUFA in Kolkata (1% increase per 1 cm), but body mass index showed no independent association with either ratio in either cohort. In summary, the socioeconomic factors of maternal education and household prosperity were associated with breast milk composition, although prosperity may only be important in higher cost of living communities. Associated maternal biological factors were height and infant birth order, but not adiposity. Further study is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of these effects.</P>

Remarkably Improved Electrochemical Performance of Li- and Mn-Rich Cathodes upon Substitution of Mn with Ni

Kumar Nayak, Prasant,Grinblat, Judith,Levi, Elena,Penki, Tirupathi Rao,Levi, Mikhael,Sun, Yang-Kook,Markovsky, Boris,Aurbach, Doron American Chemical Society 2017 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.9 No.5

<P>Li- and Mn-rich transition-metal oxides of layered structure are promising cathodes for Li-ion batteries because of their high capacity values, >= 250 mAh g(-1). These cathodes suffer from capacity fading and discharge voltage decay upon prolonged cycling to potential higher than 4.5 V. Most of these Li and Mn-rich cathodes contain Ni in a 2+ oxidation state. The fine details of the composition of these materials may be critically important in determining their performance. In the present study, we used Li1.2Ni0.13Mn0.54Co0.13O2 as the reference cathode composition in which Mn ions are substituted by Ni ions so that their average oxidation state in Li1.2Ni0.13Mn0.54Co0.13O2 could change from 2+ to 3+. Upon substitution of Mn with Ni, the specific capacity decreases but, in turn, an impressive stability was gained, about 95% capacity retention after 150 cycles, compared to 77% capacity retention for Li1.2Ni0.13Mn0.54Co0.13O2 cathodes when cycled at a C/5 rate. Also, a higher average discharge voltage of 3.7 V is obtained for Li1.2Ni0.13Mn0.54Co0.13O2 cathodes, which decreases to 3.5 V after 150 cycles, while the voltage fading of cathodes comprising the reference material is more pronounced. The Li1.2Ni0.13Mn0.54Co0.13O2 cathodes also demonstrate higher rate capability compared to the reference Li1.2Ni0.13Mn0.54Co0.13O2 cathodes. These results clearly indicate the importance of the fine composition of cathode materials containing the five elements Li, Mn, Ni, Co, and 0. The present study should encourage rigorous optimization efforts related to the fine composition of these cathode materials, before external means such as doping and coating are applied.</P>

Electrochemical Performance of a Layered-Spinel Integrated Li[Ni_1/3Mn_2/3]O₂ as a High Capacity Cathode Material for Li-Ion Batteries

Nayak, Prasant Kumar,Grinblat, Judith,Levi, Mikhael D.,Haik, Ortal,Levi, Elena,Talianker, Michael,Markovsky, Boris,Sun, Yang-Kook,Aurbach, Doron American Chemical Society 2015 Chemistry of materials Vol.27 No.7

<P>Li[Ni<SUB>1/3</SUB>Mn<SUB>2/3</SUB>]O<SUB>2</SUB> was synthesized by a self-combustion reaction (SCR), characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Raman spectroscopy, and studied as a cathode material for Li-ion batteries at 30 °C and 45 °C. The structural studies by XRD and TEM confirmed monoclinic Li[Li<SUB>1/3</SUB>Mn<SUB>2/3</SUB>]O<SUB>2</SUB> phase as the major component, and rhombohedral (LiNiO<SUB>2</SUB>), spinel (LiNi<SUB>0.5</SUB>Mn<SUB>1.5</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>), and rock salt Li<SUB>0.2</SUB>Mn<SUB>0.2</SUB>Ni<SUB>0.5</SUB>O as minor components. The content of the spinel phase increases upon cycling due to the layered-to-spinel phase transition occurring at high potentials. A high discharge capacity of about 220 mAh g<SUP>–1</SUP> is obtained at low rate (C/10) with good capacity retention upon cycling. However, LiNi<SUB>0.5</SUB>Mn<SUB>1.5</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> synthesized by SCR exhibits a discharge capacity of about 190 mAh g<SUP>–1</SUP> in the potential range of 2.4–4.9 V, which decreases to a value of 150 mAh g<SUP>–1</SUP> after 100 cycles. Because of the presence of the spinel component, Li[Ni<SUB>1/3</SUB>Mn<SUB>2/3</SUB>]O<SUB>2</SUB> cathode material exhibits part of its capacity at potentials around 4.7 V. Thus, it can be considered as an interesting high-capacity and high-voltage cathode material for high-energy-density Li-ion batteries. Also, the Li[Ni<SUB>1/3</SUB>Mn<SUB>2/3</SUB>]O<SUB>2</SUB> electrodes exhibit better electrochemical stability than spinel LiNi<SUB>0.5</SUB>Mn<SUB>1.5</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> electrodes when cycled at 45 °C.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/cmatex/2015/cmatex.2015.27.issue-7/acs.chemmater.5b00405/production/images/medium/cm-2015-00405w_0020.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/cm5b00405'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Quantification of nonlinear seismic response of rectangular liquid tank

Nayak, Santosh Kumar,Biswal, Kishore Chandra Techno-Press 2013 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.47 No.5

Seismic response of two dimensional liquid tanks is numerically simulated using fully nonlinear velocity potential theory. Galerkin-weighted-residual based finite element method is used for solving the governing Laplace equation with fully nonlinear free surface boundary conditions and also for velocity recovery. Based on mixed Eulerian-Lagrangian (MEL) method, fourth order explicit Runge-Kutta scheme is used for time integration of free surface boundary conditions. A cubic-spline fitted regridding technique is used at every time step to eliminate possible numerical instabilities on account of Lagrangian node induced mesh distortion. An artificial surface damping term is used which mimics the viscosity induced damping and brings in numerical stability. Four earthquake motions have been suitably selected to study the effect of frequency content on the dynamic response of tank-liquid system. The nonlinear seismic response vis-a-vis linear response of rectangular liquid tank has been studied. The impulsive and convective components of hydrodynamic forces, e.g., base shear, overturning base moment and pressure distribution on tank-wall are quantified. It is observed that the convective response of tank-liquid system is very much sensitive to the frequency content of the ground motion. Such sensitivity is more pronounced in shallow tanks.

CLB-ECC: Certificateless Blind Signature Using ECC

( Sanjeet Kumar Nayak ),( Sujata Mohanty ),( Banshidhar Majhi ) 한국정보처리학회 2017 Journal of information processing systems Vol.13 No.4

Certificateless public key cryptography (CL-PKC) is a new benchmark in modern cryptography. It not only simplifies the certificate management problem of PKC, but also avoids the key escrow problem of the identity based cryptosystem (ID-PKC). In this article, we propose a certificateless blind signature protocol which is based on elliptic curve cryptography (CLB-ECC). The scheme is suitable for the wireless communication environment because of smaller parameter size. The proposed scheme is proven to be secure against attacks by two different kinds of adversaries. CLB-ECC is efficient in terms of computation compared to the other existing conventional schemes. CLB-ECC can withstand forgery attack, key only attack, and known message attack. An e-cash framework, which is based on CLB-ECC, has also been proposed. As a result, the proposed CLB-ECC scheme seems to be more effective for applying to real life applications like e-shopping, e-voting, etc., in handheld devices.

An Fuzzy EOQ Model for deteriorating items having time dependent demand under partially backlogged shortages

Deepak Kumar Nayak,S. K. Paik ray,A. K. Sahoo 장전수학회 2023 Proceedings of the Jangjeon mathematical society Vol.26 No.3

An Fuzzy EOQ Model for deteriorating items having time dependent demand under partially backlogged shortages

People and Skills : A Potential Risk in ICT Infrastructure Management

Malaya Kumar Nayak,Sanghamitra Mohanty,Rachna Soni 보안공학연구지원센터 2011 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.5 No.3

Quantification of nonlinear seismic response of rectangular liquid tank

Santosh Kumar Nayak,Kishore Chandra Biswal 국제구조공학회 2013 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.47 No.5

Seismic response of two dimensional liquid tanks is numerically simulated using fully nonlinear velocity potential theory. Galerkin-weighted-residual based finite element method is used for solving the governing Laplace equation with fully nonlinear free surface boundary conditions and also for velocity recovery. Based on mixed Eulerian-Lagrangian (MEL) method, fourth order explicit Runge-Kutta scheme is used for time integration of free surface boundary conditions. A cubic-spline fitted regridding technique is used at every time step to eliminate possible numerical instabilities on account of Lagrangian node induced mesh distortion. An artificial surface damping term is used which mimics the viscosity induced damping and brings in numerical stability. Four earthquake motions have been suitably selected to study the effect of frequency content on the dynamic response of tank-liquid system. The nonlinear seismic response vis-a-vis linear response of rectangular liquid tank has been studied. The impulsive and convective components of hydrodynamic forces, e.g., base shear, overturning base moment and pressure distribution on tank-wall are quantified. It is observed that the convective response of tank-liquid system is very much sensitive to the frequency content of the ground motion. Such sensitivity is more pronounced in shallow tanks.