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Patil, Seema,Iyengar, Asha R,Kotni, Ramya Madhuri,BV, Subash,Joshi, Revan Kumar The Korean Pain Society 2016 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.29 No.1
Background: The study aimed to determine if ultrasonography of masseter can be used to evaluate the outcome of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in subjects with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) such as myositis and myofascial pain. Methods: Fifteen TMD subjects with myofascial pain/myositis who satisfied the RDC/McNeil criteria were included in the study. All the subjects were administered TENS therapy for a period of 6 days (30 minutes per session). The mouth opening (in millimeters) and severity of pain (visual analogue scale score) and ultrasonographic thickness of the masseter (in millimeters) in the region of trigger/tender areas was assessed in all the subjects both prior and post TENS therapy. A comparison of the pre-treatment and post-treatment values of the VAS score, mouth opening and masseter thickness was done with the help of a t-test. Results: There was a significant reduction in the thickness of masseter muscle (P = 0.028) and VAS scores (P < 0.001) post TENS therapy. There was also a significant improvement in the mouth opening (P = 0.011) post TENS therapy. Conclusions: In the present study, ultrasonography was found to be an effective measuring tool in the assessment of TENS therapy in subjects with myositis and myofascial pain.
( Seema Patil ),( Asha R Iyengar ),( Ramya Madhuri Kotni ),( Subash B V ),( Revan Kumar Joshi ) 대한통증학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.29 No.1
Background: The study aimed to determine if ultrasonography of masseter can be used to evaluate the outcome of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in subjects with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) such as myositis and myofascial pain. Methods: Fifteen TMD subjects with myofascial pain/myositis who satisfied the RDC/McNeil criteria were included in the study. All the subjects were administered TENS therapy for a period of 6 days (30 minutes per session). The mouth opening (in millimeters) and severity of pain (visual analogue scale score) and ultrasonographic thickness of the masseter (in millimeters) in the region of trigger/tender areas was assessed in all the subjects both prior and post TENS therapy. A comparison of the pre-treatment and post-treatment values of the VAS score, mouth opening and masseter thickness was done with the help of a t-test.Results: There was a significant reduction in the thickness of masseter muscle (P = 0.028) and VAS scores (P < 0.001) post TENS therapy. There was also a significant improvement in the mouth opening (P = 0.011) post TENS therapy. Conclusions: In the present study, ultrasonography was found to be an effective measuring tool in the assessment of TENS therapy in subjects with myositis and myofascial pain. (Korean J Pain 2016; 29: 12-17)
Madupu Hemanth Sai,Chinda Padmanabha Raju,Kotni SriKumar 대한전기학회 2023 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.18 No.4
In recent years, the addition of renewable-based distribution generation (DG) into the electrical distribution system has accelerated. The power requirements at the load centre can be met more efficiently by distributed generation (DG) than by the conventional power system. DG installation provides many technical benefits which include lower distribution losses, lower voltage stability index, and improved voltage profile. In electrical distribution networks, loads are typically expressed as a constant power (CP) load model, which is not considered realistic. For realistic load modeling of the radial distribution system, optimum load mix is represented as combination of different load models. Because the R/X ratio is so large in radial distribution systems, real power losses are a major concern. This paper presents a tunicate swarm algorithm (TSA) optimization technique for optimal DG installation with various load models and load growth for improved voltage profile, network losses reduction, and voltage stability index. The minimising of real power losses is utilised as a criterion for determining the best location and size of DG in this work. The results validate the effectiveness of DG integration, as well as the influence of various load models on the distribution system considering load growth. The proposed algorithm is tested on IEEE 33 bus distribution system and results shows that TSA outperforms existing optimization algorithms published in recent state-of-art literature.