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급성 구강감염부위에서 Staphylococcus lugunensis 의 특성
유용욱,이미성,차정단,김기경,신상희,문상은,김강주 원광대학교 생명공학연구소 1999 생명공학연구소보 Vol.6 No.1
Staphylococcus lugdunensis (S. lugdunensis) is a newly identified pathogenic species of coagulase negative staphylococci and an occasional but not rare cause of severe infections, such as infective endocarditis after dental extraction, bacteremia, osteomyelitis, peritonitis, and soft tissue infections. As antibiotic use increased, resistance rapidly developed. Some strains have plasmids related to antibiotic resistance. To characterize S. lugdunensis in acute oral infection, S. lugdunensis was isolated from the patients with acute oral abscess, osteomyelitis, and normal persons. Antibiotic resistance, in vitro cellular toxicity, in vivo virulence, δ-like hemolysin activity, and synergistic hemolysis on sheep blood agar plates were investigated. The dot blot analysis and Southern blot analysis of staphylococcal DNA was performed with δ-hemolysin gene probe of Staphylococcus aureus. (S. aureus) Staphylococcal DNA was cloned, nucleotide sequence was analysed, and homology was compared with other sequence in Gene Bank. S. aureus, S. lugdunensis, Staphylococcus cohnii (S. cohnii), and other coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS) were isolated from the patients with acute oral infection. The isolation ratio of S. lugdunensis in the patients with infection was higher than that of healthy persons, but the isolation ratio of S. aureus in the patients with infection was similar to that of healthy persons. S. lugdunensis from the patients with acute oral infection showed the resistance to penicillin, methicillin, cephalothin, and clindamycin. S. lugdunensis in the patients had cellular toxicity in vitro and virulence in vivo. All strains of S. lugdunensis had δ-like hemolysin activity against rabbit erythrocytes. Four of the six strains of S. lugdunensis gave synergistic hemolysis with S. aureus on sheep blood agar plates. In dot blot analysis, all strains of S. lugdunensis showed the positive reaction with the probe of δ-hemolysin gene in S. aureus, but a 7.3 kb HindⅢ fragment was observed in the DNA of S. lugdunensis that gave synergistic hemolysis in a Southern blot analysis. The molecular size of partially purified δ-hemolysin was about 50 kd. The cloned fragments from the chromosomal DNA of S. lugdunensis showed the partial homology with the insulin receptor-related and dopamine receptor of humans. These results suggest that S. lugdunensis might be an important pathogen in acute oral infection and show some homology with eukaryotes.
Kim, Sung Jip,Yuan, Hai Dan,Chung, Sung Hyun Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2010 Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin Vol.33 No.2
<P><I>Panax ginseng</I> is known to have anti-diabetic activity, but the active ingredients are not yet fully identified. In this study, we found the inhibitory effect of Rg<SUB>1</SUB> on hepatic glucose production through AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation in HepG2 cells. Rg<SUB>1</SUB> significantly inhibited hepatic glucose production in a concentration-dependent manner, and this effect was reversed in the presence of compound C, a selective AMPK inhibitor. In addition, Rg<SUB>1</SUB> markedly induced the phosphorylations of liver kinase B1 (LKB1), AMPK and forkhead box class O1 (FoxO1), a key transcription factor for gluconeogenic enzymes, in time- and concentration-dependent manners. Glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) activities were inhibited by 24% and 21%, respectively, when the cells were exposed to 40 μ<SMALL>M</SMALL> of Rg<SUB>1</SUB>, resulting from phosphorylation of FoxO1 and inhibition of gluconeogenic gene expression. Taken together, our results demonstrated the suppressive effect of Rg<SUB>1</SUB> on hepatic glucose production <I>via</I> LKB1-AMPK-FoxO1 pathway in HepG2 human hepatoma cells.</P>
Intracellular Flux Prediction of Recombinant Escherichia coli Producing Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
( Sung Han Bae ),( Myung Sub Sim ),( Ki Jun Jeong ),( Dan He ),( Inchan Kwon ),( Tae Wan Kim ),( Hyun Uk Kim ),( Jong-il Choi ) 한국미생물생명공학회 2024 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.34 No.4
Genome-scale metabolic model (GEM) can be used to simulate cellular metabolic phenotypes under various environmental or genetic conditions. This study utilized the GEM to observe the internal metabolic fluxes of recombinant Escherichia coli producing gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Recombinant E. coli was cultivated in a fermenter under three conditions: pH 7, pH 5, and additional succinic acids. External fluxes were calculated from cultivation results, and internal fluxes were calculated through flux optimization. Based on the internal flux analysis, glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathways were repressed under cultivation at pH 5, even though glutamate dehydrogenase increased GABA production. Notably, this repression was halted by adding succinic acid. Furthermore, proper sucA repression is a promising target for developing strains more capable of producing GABA.
Backlog Estimation for Uplink/Downlink Fairness in Unsaturated Bidirectional CSMA Networks
Kim, JaYeong,Jin, Hu,Kim, Seong Hwan,Sung, Dan Keun IEEE 2017 IEEE communications letters Vol.21 No.12
<P>Bidirectional transmission (BT)-based protocols have been proposed to achieve uplink/downlink fairness in IEEE 802.11 systems. To successfully guarantee the fairness in unsaturated carrier sensing multiple access (CSMA) systems, it is important to accurately estimate the number of backlogged nodes considering both of the uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) traffic. In this letter, we propose a backlog estimation mechanism for the bidirectional media access control to guarantee UL/DL fairness in an unsaturated CSMA environment. We derive the optimal transmit probability and the optimal DL transmit opportunity for BT as a function of the estimated backlog size. The proposed algorithm ensures the near-perfect UL/DL fairness while improving the overall system performance.</P>
A chiral indolocarbazole foldamer displaying strong circular dichroism responsive to anion binding
Kim, Dan A,Kang, Philjae,Choi, Moon-Gun,Jeong, Kyu-Sung The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013 Chemical communications Vol.49 No.84
<P>A chiral foldamer that consists of three indolocarbazoles and chiral amide residues folds into a helical conformation with the orientation bias, thus displaying characteristic CD signals. The X-ray crystal structure of its chloride complex was found to be a left-handed (M−) helix which stacks to give one-dimensional columnar arrays.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>A chiral indolocarbazole trimer folds into a helical conformation to exhibit strong CD signals which are responsive to solvents and anions. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c3cc45989f'> </P>
Proteome analysis of human cerebrospinal fluid as a diagnostic biomarker in patients with meningioma
Kim, Jae Ho,Lee, Sang Kwang,Yoo, Yong Cheol,Park, Nam Hyun,Park, Dan Bi,Yoo, Jong Shin,An, Hyun Joo,Park, Young Mok,Cho, Kyung Gi International Scientific Literature, Inc. 2012 Medical science monitor Vol.18 No.11
<P><B>Summary</B></P><P><B>Background</B></P><P>To identify meningioma-specific proteins, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 4 patients with a meningioma and 4 patients with a non-brain tumorous lesion were analyzed.</P><P><B>Material/Methods</B></P><P>Two-dimensional electrophoresis and electrospray quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry analyses revealed 10 unique spots, containing 11 independent proteins (spot #2 and #4 each contained 2 proteins and spot #3 was not identified) were evident in CSF associated with human meningioma: serum albumin precursor (3 different isoforms), Apolipoprotein E (Apo E), Apolipoprotein J precursor (Apo J), Transthyretin precursor (TTR), Prostaglandin D2 synthase 21kDa (PTGDS), proapolipoprotein, Chain D hemoglobin Ypsilanti, alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), and beta-2-microglobulin precursor (β2M).</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The contents of Apo E, Apo J and AAT were increased, while PTGDS, TTR and β2M were decreased.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>The results observed by 2-dimensional electrophoresis were verified by Western blot analysis. The unique proteins may represent possible candidate biomarkers of meningioma.</P>
Kim, Seung Cheol,Song, Yong Sang,Kim, Young-Tae,Kim, Young Tak,Ryu, Ki-Sung,Gunapalaiah, Bhavyashree,Bi, Dan,Bock, Hans L,Park, Jong-Sup Korean Society of Gynecologic Oncology and Colposc 2011 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.22 No.2
<P><B>Objective</B></P><P>The study assessed the immunogenicity and safety of human papillomavirus (HPV)-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted cervical cancer vaccine in healthy Korean women aged 15-25 years.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Phase IIIB, double-blind, randomised (2:1), multi-centre trial was conducted in Korea from June 2007 to March 2008. The study enrolled 225 women in the HPV (N=149) and placebo (N=76) groups who received three doses of HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine or placebo (aluminium hydroxide) administered intramuscularly at 0, 1, and 6 months and were followed until one month post-dose 3. Serum samples were collected pre-vaccination and one month post-dose 3. Safety and reactogenicity data were collected throughout.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>In this trial, 208 women completed the study (141 in HPV group; 67 in placebo group). At month 7, all initially seronegative women had seroconverted for HPV-16 and HPV-18 antibodies with anti-HPV-16 and anti-HPV-18 geometric mean titres of 9,351.4 El.U/mL (95% CI, 8,145.5 to 10,735.8) and 4204.1 El.U/mL (95% CI, 3,626.5 to 4,873.6), respectively. Initially seropositive women showed similar increase in geometric mean titre levels. Compliance to the three dose vaccination course was 95.3% in HPV and 89.5% in placebo group. Solicited local (pain) and general (fatigue, myalgia or headache) symptoms were commonly reported in both groups. Three serious adverse events were reported (two in HPV group; one in placebo group), all unrelated to vaccination by the investigator; all recovered.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>The HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine was highly immunogenic with a clinically acceptable safety profile in Korean women. This study was in line with previous global studies in Europe, North America, and Brazil. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT 00485732.)</P>