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Kim Min-Gul,Kim Suin,Jeon Ji-Young,Moon Seol Ju,Kwak Yong-Geun,Na Joo Young,Lee SeungHwan,Park Kyung-Mi,Kim Hyo-Jin,Lee Sang-Min,Choi Seo-Yeon,Shin Kwang-Hee 대한약리학회 2024 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.28 No.2
This study aimed to identify metabolic biomarkers and investigate changes in intestinal microbiota in the feces of healthy participants following administration of Lactococcus lactis GEN-001. GEN-001 is a single-strain L. lactis strain isolated from the gut of a healthy human volunteer. The study was conducted as a parallel, randomized, phase 1, open design trial. Twenty healthy Korean males were divided into five groups according to the GEN-001 dosage and dietary control. Groups A, B, C, and D1 received 1, 3, 6, and 9 GEN-001 capsules (1 × 1011 colony forming units), respectively, without dietary adjustment, whereas group D2 received 9 GEN-001 capsules with dietary adjustment. All groups received a single dose. Fecal samples were collected 2 days before GEN-001 administration to 7 days after for untargeted metabolomics and gut microbial metagenomic analyses; blood samples were collected simultaneously for immunogenicity analysis. Levels of phenylalanine, tyrosine, cholic acid, deoxycholic acid, and tryptophan were significantly increased at 5–6 days after GEN-001 administration when compared with predose levels. Compared with predose, the relative abundance (%) of Parabacteroides and Alistipes significantly decreased, whereas that of Lactobacillus and Lactococcus increased; Lactobacillus and tryptophan levels were negatively correlated. A single administration of GEN-001 shifted the gut microbiota in healthy volunteers to a more balanced state as evidenced by an increased abundance of beneficial bacteria, including Lactobacillus, and higher levels of the metabolites that have immunogenic properties.
Kim, Suin,Bae, Joonbum Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2017 IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics Vol. No.
<P>For a physical human-robot interaction (pHRI) system such as an exoskeleton, it has been an important issue to control the interaction force between the user and the actuators because it directly determines the accuracy of the realized impedance. However, the accurate force control of the exoskeleton system has not been fully achieved due to the difficulties caused by uncertainties from pHRI. To overcome this problem, in this study, the series elastic actuator (SEA) was operated by a time delay control (TDC), which directly compensated the uncertainties without an accurate model of them, realizing the designed model dynamics in the actuator. However, in spite of the successful application of TDC, the delays between the desired and model dynamics severely degraded the force control performance of the SEA. Thus, a new strategy named model-inverse time delay control was proposed by introducing a virtual reference predicted by the inverse of model dynamics in TDC. The proposed method significantly improved performance of the force control, and it was verified by demonstrating zero impedance control with pHRI, free oscillation of a pendulum, and force control in the exoskeleton.</P>
Analysis of Finger Muscular Forces using a Wearable Hand Exoskeleton System
Kim, Suin,Lee, Jeongsoo,Bae, Joonbum Springer-Verlag 2017 JOURNAL OF BIONICS ENGINEERING Vol.14 No.4
<P>In this paper, the finger muscular forces were estimated and analyzed through the application of inverse dynamics-based static optimization, and a hand exoskeleton system was designed to pull the fingers and measure the dynamics of the hand. To solve the static optimization, a muscular model of the hand flexors was derived. The experimental protocol was devised to analyze finger flexors in order to evaluate spasticity of the clenched fingers; muscular forces were estimated while the flexed fingers were extended by the exoskeleton with external loads applied. To measure the finger joint angles, the hand exoskeleton system was designed using four-bar linkage structure and potentiometers. In addition, the external loads to the fingertips were generated by cable driven actuators and simultaneously measured by loadcells which were located at each phalanx. The experiments were performed with a normal person and the muscular forces estimation results were discussed with reference to the physical phenomena.</P>
Kim, Suin,Ro, Kyongkwan,Bae, Joonbum Hindawi Limited 2017 Journal of sensors Vol.2017 No.-
<P>Although various kinds of methodologies have been suggested to estimate individual muscular forces, many of them require a costly measurement system accompanied by complex preprocessing and postprocessing procedures. In this research, a simple wearable sensor system was developed, combined with the inverse dynamics-based static optimization method. The suggested method can be set up easily and can immediately convert motion information into muscular forces. The proposed sensor system consisted of the four inertial measurement units (IMUs) and manually developed ground reaction force sensor to measure the joint angles and ground reaction forces, respectively. To verify performance, the measured data was compared with that of the camera-based motion capture system and a force plate. Based on the motion data, muscular efforts were estimated in the nine muscle groups in the lower extremity using the inverse dynamics-based static optimization. The estimated muscular forces were qualitatively analyzed in the perspective of gait functions and compared with the electromyography signal.</P>
소남(所南) 정사초(鄭思肖)의 죽음관과 수화연도(水火鍊度) 수행론
김수인(Kim, Suin) 한국종교학회 2011 宗敎硏究 Vol.64 No.-
The issue of life and death has been covered in Eastern and Western thought and religion for a long time. Life and death cannot be divided. Well-dying and well-being are closely related to each other. Ultimately, well-dying may result from living well. In Taoist ritual of delivering deceased souls, one can free from death by having lived positively and enthusiastically in ones life. Contrary to the Lao-tzu and Chuang-tzu thought, Taoism did not accept death as returning to nature. They tried to solve the problem of death by living ever-young and being a Taoist hermit with supernatural powers(Sin-Sun) during their lifetime. In Song Dynasty, among the various Taoist schools, the Ling Bao school held that the problem of death could be solved though a complete deliverance with body and mind practice in life. Especially, Suo Nan Zheng Si Xiao, a Taoist in the Ling Bao school, presented the theory of body and mind practice which was called Su Hwa Yon Do. In this theory, the principle of Neidan theory was added to the ritual of delivering deceased souls. Sou Nans Su Hwa Yon Do has the following characteristics. First, Su Hwa Yon Do explains the human body and mind using the water and fire energy based on Kan(Yin) and Li(Yang) of the Book of Changes. Second, a balance of the water and fire energy means a balance of body and mind. That is, the cultivation of both inner nature(Xing) and fate(Ming), which is a balance of body and mind, can result in human perfection. As a result one can enter a world of a Taoist hermit with supernatural powers(Sin-Sun). Third, it can be possible to deliver other deceased souls when one delivers his or her own soul through Neidan practice while alive.