Efficiency of Aluminum and Iron Electrodes for the Removal of Heavy Metals [(Ni (II), Pb (II), Cd (II)] by Electrocoagulation Method

Khosa, Muhammad Kaleem,Jamal, Muhammad Asghar,Hussain, Amira,Muneer, Majid,Zia, Khalid Mahmood,Hafeez, Samia Korean Chemical Society 2013 대한화학회지 Vol.57 No.3

Electrocoagulation (EC) technique is applied for the treatment of wastewater containing heavy metals ions such as nickle (Ni), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) by using sacrificial anodes corrode to release active coagulant flocs usually aluminium or iron cations into the solution. During electrolytic reactions hydrogen gas evolve at the cathode. All the experiments were carried out in Batch mode. The tank was filled with synthetic wastewater containing heavy metals and efficiency of electro-coagulation in combination with aluminum and iron electrodes were investigated for removal of such metals. Several parameters, such as contact time, pH, electro-coagulant concentration, and current density were optimized to achieve maximum removal efficiency (%). The concentrations of heavy metals were determined by using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). It is found that the electro-coagulation process has potential to be utilized for the cost-effective removal of heavy metals from wastewater specially using iron electrodes in terms of high removal efficiencies and operating cost.

Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of Solanum trilobatum roots

Pandurangan, A,Khosa, RL,Hemalatha, S Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2008 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.8 No.4

This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory potential of the crude alkaloidal fraction (CAF) of methanol extract of Solanum trilobatum Linn. (Solanacea) root in animal models of inflammation. Crude alkaloidal fraction at doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg significantly (p < 0.01) reduced carrageenan induced rat paw volume at 3 h after carrageenan challenge as compared to control group of animals. CAF (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) significantly (p < 0.01) and dose dependently suppressed cotton pellet induced granuloma formation. Topical application of CAF (1, 5 and 10 mg/ear) markedly inhibited multiple application of TPA in mice. CAF elicited pronounced inhibitory effects on formaldehyde and adjuvant induced arthritis in rats. These results indicate that CAF of methanol extract of the Solanum trilobatum has anti-inflammatory activity in acute and chronic inflammation.

A Case of Double Orifice Mitral Valve in a Patient with Bicuspid Aortic Valve: Coincidental or a Missed Finding?

Rupinder Buttar,Khosa Gurveer Singh,Baibhav Bipul 아시아심장혈관영상의학회 2021 Cardiovascular Imaging Asia Vol.5 No.4

A 63-year-old male with past medical history of bicuspid aortic valve and ascending aortic aneurysm was referred to cardiology for aortic valve replacement (AVR) and aneurysm repair. Transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) showed bicuspid aortic valve with severe aortic valve stenosis. Patient underwent transesophageal echocardiogram which showed an incidental finding of double orifice mitral valve (DOMV) with fusion of A/P cusps along anterolateral commissure not noted on previous TTE. Patient underwent AVR with bioprosthetic aortic valve along with resection and replacement of the ascending aortic aneurysm. No intervention was performed for the asymptomatic DOMV. DOMV is a rare congenital cardiac abnormality, easily missed on routine TTE. It warrants need for careful evaluation of mitral valve apparatus in patients with other congenital cardiac abnormalities known to be associated with DOMV.

Pharmacognostical Evaluation of Trachyspermum roxburghianum (DC) Craib Fruits

Nitin Verma,R. L. Khosa 한국생약학회 2011 Natural Product Sciences Vol.17 No.1

Sophisticated modern research tools for evaluation of medicinal plants are available but microscopic methods are one of the simplest and cheapest methods to establish the identity of the source materials. Pharmacognostical investigation of the dried, powdered and anatomical sections of the fruits of Trachyspermum roxburghianum (DC) Craib was carried out to determine its macro and microscopical characteristics along with its physical constants. Externally, the fruits, yellowish or greenish brown in colour are elongated, elliptical, slightly curved, prominently ridged and longitudinal. As seen in transectional views of the fruits from Trachyspermum roxburghianum, the mericarp has concave sides called commissural surfaces and a convex outer side called the dorsal surface. The mericarp has three primary ridges alternating with two secondary ridges on the dorsal side. On the commissural side, there are two primary ridges which are lateral in position and two secondary ridges in the commissural side. The seed is attached to the pericarp by a short stalk called a raphe. Circular, four- lobed calcium oxalate crystals are fairly abundant in the endosperm. Phytochemical studies revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, triterpenoids, proteins and sugars. The pharmacognostical profile of the fruits will assist in standardization for quality, purity and sample identification.

Novel Nonsense Variants c.58C>T (p.Q20X) and c.256G>T (p.E85X) in the CHEK2 Gene Identified dentified in Breast Cancer Patients from Balochistan

Baloch, Abdul Hameed,Khosa, Ahmad Nawaz,Bangulzai, Nasrullah,Shuja, Jamila,Naseeb, Hafiz Khush,Jan, Mohammad,Marghazani, Illahi Bakhsh,Kakar, Masood-ul-Haq,Baloch, Dost Mohammad,Cheema, Abdul Majeed,A Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.3

Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring and leading cause of cancer deaths among women globally. Hereditary cases account 5-10% of all the cases and CHEK2 is considered as a moderate penetrance breast cancer risk gene. CHEK2 plays a crucial role in response to DNA damage to promote cell cycle arrest and repair DNA damage or induce apoptosis. Our objective in the current study was to analyze mutations in the CHEK2 gene related to breast cancer in Balochistan. A total of 271 individuals including breast cancer patients and normal subjects were enrolled. All 14 exons of CHEK2 were amplified and sequenced. The majority of the patients (>95%) had invasive ductal carcinomas (IDCs), 52.1% were diagnosed with tumor grade III and 56.1% and 27.5% were diagnosed with advance stages III and IV. Two novel nonsense variants i.e. c.58C>T (P.Q20X) and c.256G>T (p.E85X) at exon 1 and 2 in two breast cancer patients were identified in the current study. Both the variants identified were novel and have not been reported elsewhere.

Synthesis and thermal properties of polyimides containing azomethine linkage for processable high-performance engineering plastics

Rubbia Iqbal,Muhammad Kaleem Khosa,Muhammad Asghar Jamal,Mazhar Hamid 한국화학공학회 2015 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.32 No.2

A new series of polyimides having azomethine functionality in backbone was synthesized by two-stepspolycondensation method. Five substituted aromatic diamines--N-(4-aminobenzylidene)-2chloro-6-methylbenzene-1,4-diamine (DA1), N-(4-aminobenzylidene)-2-methoxybenzene-1,4-diamine (DA2), N-(4-aminobenzylidene)-2-methylbenzene-1,4-diamine (DA3), N-(4-aminobenzylidene)-3-methylbenzene-1,4-diamine (DA4) and N,(4-aminobenzylidene)-2-hydroxybenzene-1,4-diamine (DA5)--were prepared and condensed with 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylicdianhydride (PTCDA) to obtain poly(azomethine imide). All synthesized polyimides PI(1-5) were fully characterizedby elemental analyses, FTIR, 1H-NMR, having amorphous nature and are soluble in dmac, dmf, and dmso, m-cresoldue to presence of azomethine functionality. The inherent viscosities and moisture absorption of all polyimides lie inthe range of 0.65-0.85 dL gm−1 and 0.68-0.82% respectively. Thermal stability was assessed by 10% weight loss temperatureand the degradation temperature of the resultant polymers falls in the ranges from 480-535 oC in nitrogen. Theglass transition temperature was in the range of 225-330 oC. Due to above mentioned attractive properties, polyimidebasedmaterial are attractive for processable high-performance engineering plastics and starting material for fabricationof new polymers.

Comparative analysis of cellulose acetate hemoglobin electrophoresis and high performance liquid chromatography for quantitative determination of hemoglobin A2

Muhammad Usman,Shafi Mohammad Khosa,Moinuddin Moinuddin,Hassan Osman Mehmood,Khansa Qamar 대한혈액학회 2015 Blood Research Vol.50 No.1

BackgroundThe present study is designed to evaluate the reliability and cost effectiveness of celluloseacetate Hb electrophoresis and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in thedetermination of HbA2 levels. MethodsThe test population comprised 160 individuals divided into four groups: normal individuals, β-thalassemia trait (BTT) patients, iron deficiency anemia (IDA) patients, andco-morbid patients (BTT with IDA). HbA2 levels determined using cellulose acetate Hbelectrophoresis and HPLC were compared. ResultsHbA2 levels were found to be diagnostic for classical BTT using either method. In co-morbidcases, both techniques failed to diagnose all cases of BTT. The sensitivity, specificity,and Youden’s index for detection of the co-morbid condition was 69% and 66% for HPLCand cellulose acetate Hb electrophoresis, respectively. ConclusionThis study revealed that semi-automated cellulose acetate Hb electrophoresis is moresuitable for use in β-thalassemia prevention programs in low-income countries likePakistan. This technique is easily available, simple and cost effective.

Primary Mandibular Tuberculous Osteomyelitis Mimicking Ameloblastoma: A Case Report and Literature Review of Mandibular Tuberculous Osteomyelitis

Chandrashekhar Chalwade,Armaan Khosa,Kishor Ballary,Raghav Mago Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2024 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.51 No.2

Primary tuberculous osteomyelitis involving the mandible represents less than 2% of skeletal locations. In this paper, we report a case of mandibular tuberculosis (TB) detected after histopathological analysis of the surgically resected specimen during surgical management of a suspected case of ameloblastoma. A 14-year-old male patient presented to us with history of right-sided chin swelling. The clinical examination revealed a swelling, involving right body and parasymphysis of mandible, measuring approximately 6 cm in length and 2 cm in width, extending from right lateral incisor till the first molar. Radiological scans revealed a large multiloculated osteolytic expansive lesion measuring 52 × 20 × 18 mm. Excision of the lesion was performed and reconstruction was done with iliac bone grafting. The histopathological findings revealed a granulomatous lesion, suggestive of tuberculous osteomyelitis. The patient was successfully treated with standard multidrug therapy. One year after completion of therapy, there were no signs of recurrence. Primary mandibular TB is an extremely rare entity. Its clinical presentation is not specific. Radiologically, TB has no characteristic appearance. The positive diagnosis is based on histology. Primary mandibular TB is rare and should be kept among differential diagnoses in susceptible population and in endemic areas.

Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of Solanum trilobatum roots

A Pandurangan,RL Khosa,S Hemalatha 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2008 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.8 No.4

This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory potential of the crude alkaloidal fraction (CAF) of methanol extract of Solanum trilobatum Linn. (Solanacea) root in animal models of inflammation. Crude alkaloidal fraction at doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg significantly (p < 0.01) reduced carrageenan induced rat paw volume at 3 h after carrageenan challenge as compared to control group of animals. CAF (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) significantly (p < 0.01) and dose dependently suppressed cotton pellet induced granuloma formation. Topical application of CAF (1, 5 and 10 mg/ear) markedly inhibited multiple application of TPA in mice. CAF elicited pronounced inhibitory effects on formaldehyde and adjuvant induced arthritis in rats. These results indicate that CAF of methanol extract of the Solanum trilobatum has anti-inflammatory activity in acute and chronic inflammation. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory potential of the crude alkaloidal fraction (CAF) of methanol extract of Solanum trilobatum Linn. (Solanacea) root in animal models of inflammation. Crude alkaloidal fraction at doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg significantly (p < 0.01) reduced carrageenan induced rat paw volume at 3 h after carrageenan challenge as compared to control group of animals. CAF (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) significantly (p < 0.01) and dose dependently suppressed cotton pellet induced granuloma formation. Topical application of CAF (1, 5 and 10 mg/ear) markedly inhibited multiple application of TPA in mice. CAF elicited pronounced inhibitory effects on formaldehyde and adjuvant induced arthritis in rats. These results indicate that CAF of methanol extract of the Solanum trilobatum has anti-inflammatory activity in acute and chronic inflammation.

Novel Nonsense Variants c.58C>T (p.Q20X) and c.256G>T (p.E85X) in the CHEK2 Gene Identified in Breast Cancer Patients from Balochistan

Baloch, Abdul Hameed,Khosa, Ahmad Nawaz,Bangulzai, Nasrullah,Shuja, Jamila,Naseeb, Hafiz Khush,Jan, Mohammad,Marghazani, Illahi Bakhsh,Kakar, Masood-ul-Haq,Baloch, Dost Mohammad,Cheema, Abdul Majeed,A Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.7

Breast cancer is very common and the leading cause of cancer deaths among women globally. Hereditary cases account for 5-10% of the total burden and CHEK2, which plays crucial role in response to DNA damage to promote cell cycle arrest and repair or induce apoptosis, is considered as a moderate penetrance breast cancer risk gene. Our objective in the current study was to analyze mutations in related to breast cancer. A total of 271 individuals including breast cancer patients and normal subjects were enrolled and all 14 exons of CHEK2 were amplified and sequenced. The majority of the patients (>95%) were affected with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), 52.1% were diagnosed with grade III tumors and 56.2% and 27.5% with advanced stages III and IV. Two novel nonsense variants i.e. c.58C>T (P.Q20X) and c.256G>T (p.E85X) at exon 1 and 2 in two breast cancer patients were identified, both novel and not reported elsewhere.