Optimal Shock Wave Rate for Shock Wave Lithotripsy in Urolithiasis Treatment: A Prospective Randomized Study

Keun Bai Moon,Go San Lim,Jae Seung Hwang,Chae Hong Lim,Jae Won Lee,Jeong Hwan Son,장석헌 대한비뇨의학회 2012 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.53 No.11

Purpose: We aimed to compare the effects of a fast shock wave rate (120 shocks per minute) and a slow shock wave rate (60 shocks per minute) on the shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) success rate, patient’s pain tolerance, and complications. Materials and Methods: A total of 165 patients with radiopaque renal pelvis or upper ureter stones were included in the study. Patients were classified by use of a random numbers table. Group I (81 patients) received 60 shock waves per minute and group II (84 patients) received 120 shock waves per minute. For each session, the success rate, pain measurement, and complication rate were recorded. Results: No statistically significant differences were observed in the patients according to age, sex, body mass index, stone size, side, location, total energy level, or number of shocks. The success rate of the first session was greater in group I than in group II (p=0.002). The visual analogue pain scale was lower in group I than in group II (p=0.001). The total number of sessions to success and the complication rate were significantly lower in group I than in group II (p=0.001). Conclusions: The success rate of SWL is dependent on the interval between the shock waves. If the time between the shock waves is short, the rate of lithotripsy success decreases, and the pain measurement score and complications increase. We conclude slow SWL is the optimal shock wave rate. Purpose: We aimed to compare the effects of a fast shock wave rate (120 shocks per minute) and a slow shock wave rate (60 shocks per minute) on the shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) success rate, patient’s pain tolerance, and complications. Materials and Methods: A total of 165 patients with radiopaque renal pelvis or upper ureter stones were included in the study. Patients were classified by use of a random numbers table. Group I (81 patients) received 60 shock waves per minute and group II (84 patients) received 120 shock waves per minute. For each session, the success rate, pain measurement, and complication rate were recorded. Results: No statistically significant differences were observed in the patients according to age, sex, body mass index, stone size, side, location, total energy level, or number of shocks. The success rate of the first session was greater in group I than in group II (p=0.002). The visual analogue pain scale was lower in group I than in group II (p=0.001). The total number of sessions to success and the complication rate were significantly lower in group I than in group II (p=0.001). Conclusions: The success rate of SWL is dependent on the interval between the shock waves. If the time between the shock waves is short, the rate of lithotripsy success decreases, and the pain measurement score and complications increase. We conclude slow SWL is the optimal shock wave rate.

사람 태반의 Superoxide Dismutase의 정제 및 성상

문진수,권년수,이근배,이희성 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1982 中央醫大誌 Vol.7 No.2

The distribution and some properties of superoxide dismutase of human term placenta have been studied. Human placenta was fractionated by differential centrifugation into mitochondrial and cytosolic fractions. The activity of superoxide dismutase was measures by the methodof McCord and Fridovich. Cytosolic superoxide dismutase was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, treatment with a chloroform-ethanol mixture, and DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. The results are summarized as follows; 1. Human term placenta contains two types of superoxide dismutase, one of which is localized in the mitochondria while the other is found in the cytosol. The mitochondrial superoxide dismutase was inactivated by treatment with a moxture of chloroform and ethanol whereas the cytosolic superoxide dismutase was not. 2. The activity of cytosolic and mitochondrial superoxide dismutase was found to be 7.44 units and 1.27 units per g of wet tissue, repectively. 3. The molecular weight of cytosolic superoxide dismutase was estimated to be about 33,000 by gel filtration. 4. The ultraviolet absorption spectrum of cytosolic enzyme indicates the lack of tryptophan. The spectrum of the enzyme in the uitraviolet region was similar to that of phenylalanine. 5. Purified cytosolic superoxide dismutase contains 2Cu^2+ and 2Zn^2+ per molecule. This enzyme was found to be similar to the other cupro-zinc superoxide dismutase which have been isolated from diverse eukaryotes. 6. Cyanide at 0.5 mM and 5.0 mM inhibits the activity of cytosolic superoxide dismutase 31% and 98%, respectively, but mitochondrial superoxide dismutase was not inhibited by this compound.

시민사회단체구성원의 도시관급수불화의식에 관한 조사연구

신동근,김종배,백대일,문혁수 대한구강보건학회 2002 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.26 No.2

The purpose of this survey was to obtain the information on planning water fluoridation in Korea. The authors surveyed opinions and attitude about water fluoridation of 846 non-government organization(NGO) members by telephone interview. The data were analyzed by working field of NGO and gender. The obtained results were as follows: 1. The rate of NGO members aware of effectiveness, economical efficiency, safety of water fluoridation and decision of water fluoridation procedure was lower than 50% respectively. 2. The rate of NGO members aware of beneficiary, the international organization to guarantee safety and the authorized Korean organization of water fluoridation was higher than 50% respectively. 3. The rate of respondents who agrees to water fluoridation was 48.5%, 29.6% was opposed and 22.6% was reserved. Female respondents were favor of water fluoridation than male, and especially low in environmental activists and short term experienced respondents. The main reasons to favor of water fluoridation were effectiveness and equitability. The main reasons to oppose of water fluoridation was unawareness of safety of the project. 4. Factors affecting opinions and attitude about water fluoridation was awareness of effectiveness, benefit, economical efficiency and safety. 5. Information on water fluoridation of mass communication was affected awareness of NGO members. 6. It is suggested to educate NGO members about water fluoridation effectively.

골수의 Polyol 및 Sugar Dehydrogenase 에 관한 연구

안병문,이희성,이근배 ( Byoung Moon Ahn,Hi Sung Lee,Keun Bai Lee ) 생화학분자생물학회 1979 BMB Reports Vol.12 No.1

Polyol dehydrogenases, i.e., sorbitol dehydrogenase, ado:nitol dehydrogenase and mannitol dehydrogenase of rabbit bone marrow were studied. Bone marrow was homogenized and the distribution of the enzyme activity in cytosolic, mitochonrial and nuclear fractions was measured. Sugar dehydrogenase activity in the crude preparations was also observed. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Sorbitol dehydrogenase activity which reduces D-fructose in the presence of NADH to D-sorbitol was localized in the mitochondria) fraction. The reverse reaction was inactive in both cytosolic and mitochondria) fractions. 2. Adonitol (ribitol) dehydrogenase activity (196 units/g wet tissue) was found to be approximately 3 times higher than that of sorbitol dehydrogenase and 40 times higher than mannitol dehydrogenase. 3. Mannitol dehydrogenase activity was very low (4.2 units/g wet tissue) and 88% of total activity was found in cytosolic fraction. 4. Sugar dehydrogenase were also examined in the crude preparation of bone marrow. The enzyme was most active with rhamnose (20.14 units/g wet tissue), but a number of other sugars was also good substrate. Dehydrogenation was effective in the following order of activity: rhamnose $gt; xylose $gt; lactose $gt; glucose $gt; mannose $gt; galactose $gt; maltose Trehalose did not serve as substrate.

치은에 발생한 Idiopathic fibromatosis에 대한 증례보고

경희문(Kyung Hee Moon),최근배(Choi Keun Bai) 대한치과의사협회 1981 대한치과의사협회지 Vol.19 No.2

골수의 Polyol 및 Sugar Dehydrogenase에 관한 연구

안병문,이희성,이근배,Ahn, Byoung-Moon,Lee, Hi-Sung,Lee, Keun-Bai 생화학분자생물학회 1979 한국생화학회지 Vol.12 No.1

토끼 골수의 homogenate를 분별원심 분리하여 세포질, mitochondria 및 핵분획을 분리하여 sorbitol dehydrogenase, adonitol dehydrogenase 및 mannitol dehydrogenase의 분포를 관찰하였으며 aldose 인 여러 당류에 대한 sugar dehydrogenase의 존재유무를 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. Sorbitol을 D-fructose로, D-fructose를 sorbitol로 전환시키는 sorbitol dehydrogenase는 골수에 있어서는 D-fructose를 sorbitol로 촉매하는 작용만을 하며 mitochondria에만 존재한다. 2. Adonitol(ribitol) dehydrogenase의 활성도는 조직 1g 당 약 196 unit로 sorbitol dehydrogenase 및 mannitol dehydrogenase 보다 2.6배 및 41배 높았으며 세포질, mitochondria 및 핵분획에 각각 분포되어 있다. 3. Mannitol dehydrogenase는 조직 1g 당 4.78 unit로 활성도가 낮으며, 이 중 약 88%인 4.2 units가 세포질에 함유되어 있다. 4. Sugar dehydrogenae는 기질에 따라 특이성을 나타냈다. 즉, 조직 1g 당 효소활성도는 rhamnose>xylose>lactose>glucose>mannose>galactose>maltose의 순이며 rhamnose는 활성도가 20.14 unit/g으로 가장 높았고 trehalose에 대한 활성도는 전혀 없었다. Polyol dehydrogenases, i.e., sorbitol dehydrogenase, adonitol dehydrogenase and mannitol dehydrogenase of rabbit bone marrow were studied. Bone marrow was homogenized and the distribution of the enzyme activity in cytosolic, mitochonrial and nuclear fractions was measured. Sugar dehydrogenase activity in the crude preparations was also observed. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Sorbitol dehydrogenase activity which reduces D-fructose in the presence of NADH to D-sorbitol was localized in the mitochondria) fraction. The reverse reaction was inactive in both cytosolic and mitochondria) fractions. 2. Adonitol (ribitol) dehydrogenase activity (196 units/g wet tissue) was found to be approximately 3 times higher than that of sorbitol dehydrogenase and 40 times higher than mannitol dehydrogenase. 3. Mannitol dehydrogenase activity was very low (4.2 units/g wet tissue) and 88% of total activity was found in cytosolic fraction. 4. Sugar dehydrogenase were also examined in the crude preparation of bone marrow. he enzyme was most active with rhamnose (20.14 units/g wet tissue), but a number of other sugars was also good substrate. Dehydrogenation was effective in the following order of activity: rhamnose>xylose>lactose>glucose>mannose>galactose>maltose Trehalose did not serve as substrate.