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申東根 영남이공대학 1978 論文集 Vol.7 No.-
The overtures which the Europeans made to Korea in the latter half of the 19th century were motivated by their worldwide quest for new markets for the products of the rapidly developing capitalistic system. Korea's learned Confucianists, on the hasis of information obtained through Ch'ing China, conceived of the infiltration of European capitalist power as a potentially disruptive intrusion into the normal process of change in the Far East. The ideology underlying the persecutions of Catholics in 1801 and 1839 provided a basis for these scholars to strengthen their alignment with nee-Confucian ethics, and they grew into kraut of heresy. A domestic incident which further intensified their antipathies was the closing of Seowon which the Prince Regent decreed in 1864. Thus deprived of their spiritual, political and financial strongholds, the Confucian intellectuals felt a need to strengthen their spiritual posture. Another factor conducive to general antiforeignism was the invasion of Korean waters by foreign fleets in 1866. The invasion of the French fleet had powerful psychological effects. They stimulated Yi Hang-no to voice strong advocacy of repelling European capitalist encroachment. He called for political reform and stability, and reinforcement of Korea's national defense capability: his conclusion was that Europeanization of the country could be prevented by keeping capitalism out. The logical conclusion of his proposal was the boycotting of European goods-Ms disciples and many Confucian scholars and thinkers affiliated with his school likewise called for the strengthening of the national defense posture in order to repel foreign invasion; their ideas lived on in the form of a determination to restore national rights. Furthermore, they brought their spirit to fulfillment on the basis of the concept of "knowledge and action". Here, we can find Yi Hangno's true character.
申東根,金容晩 영남이공대학 1992 論文集 Vol.21 No.-
The Slavery System since the ancient time, was strengthened with Se-je^(ˇ)n-bub(世傳法) in Kory^(ˇ)o Dynasty. The public and private lower classes(公私賤), distinguished from the upper class, were socially and legally controlled in Cho-sun Dynasty. The maintenance of the system, ruled by Yang-Ban(兩班), was based upon the restriction on the lower classes. With the Japanese Invasion in the end of 16th C., as the lower classes could be rasised up in the level of status, through the enlisting the araty(軍功) and Nab-sok(納粟), by the government itself, the status System become gadually destroyed. That is, as all the status classes were disturbed through the diseases and hunger, caused by the Wars, the measures against the maintenance of the slavey system were taken. According as the general changes of status, caused not only the innovations of taxes and military system, the reformations of government departments, and the rise of Sil-Hak(實學), but also the change of the handing over of property and Jae-Sa (祭祀), and of marital system, The Chosun Dynasty was developing into the modern-oriented Society.
신동근 영남이공대학 1987 論文集 Vol.16 No.-
One of the preferential subjects in the process of modernization of Korean history is_'to set up national independence. Since the beginning of the 19th century the modernization of Korea has been pursued. However, the modernisation has been pursued under compulsion of outside power. A chain of democratic movements of these days is to be considered to retrieve national independence. Viewed at this angle. I study the fundamental subject of independence in the modernizing process of Korean history through the developing process of the thought of promotion of justice and reproval of injustice, which began late in the 19th century. Promotion of justice and reproval of injustice which, literally, promotes justice while scraping out injustice is a universal consciousness of history. Different nations have different historical situation and circumstances. Consequently, the idea of justice and injustice is different according to the nations living in different historical circumstances and times. Korea in the l9th century was in a turning point in history. However, the power of the foreign countries such as Japanese invasion and imperialistic European countries drove Korean history far from our expectations. Eventually the thought of promotion of justice and reproval of injustice originated with the view of tiding over national unhappiness while protecting us in the unfortunate Korean history caused by the outside power. Are we going steadily to the direction of modernization of Korea? Is westernization itself the modernization of Korea? Ws a good thing that most people came to think about independent spirit. As a matter of fact, we have rapidly developed democratic movement on the basis of independence with relation to independence which is fundamental in the process of modernization in Korean history. The study on the thought of promotion of justice and reproval of injustice will he momentous in the process of creating independent modernizing history.
도리스 레싱의 처녀작 “풀잎은 노래한다” 의 분석을 통해서 본 작가연구
신동근 용인정신의학연구소 2009 용인정신의학보 Vol.16 No.1
The Grass is Singing, Doris Lessing's firstwork, is a masterpiece of contemporary literature. It depicts the conflict between group and individual, between races, between classes, and feminine problem. Because this work is a virgin one, it will contain more of the author's unconscious and it will resemble author's autobiography. The pu!pose of this journal is analyzing Lessingin terms of psychoanalysis, by comparing the life of the author with the life of the character of this work. The outline is as follows: Lessing sees his father as an incompetent, mean and brutal one. This influences her attitude toward men, toward marriage, and the feminine thought. Oedipus Complex can also be found in this work. Lessingsees his mother as either dominating and over-controlling one, or loving and caring one. She also identifies her mother in many respects. This influences the development of her feminity and motivation to be an author. Lessing sees marriage as a negative one. This results from the experiences of the marriage of her parents and her own. She may be sexually immature, the cause of which is suspected of her mother's obsessive education, the education of convent school, and the lack of peer interaction with opposite sex. Lessing's personality is decisive. and she has strong superego. She has neurotic trait or might have experienced neurosis. But she has so healthy ego function as to sublimate neurosis to masterpiece.