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Masatomo Ishikawa,Muneyuki Sakata,Jun Toyohara,Keiichi Oda,Kenji Ishii,Jin Wu,Taisuke Yoshida,Masaomi Iyo,Kiichi Ishiwata,갠지하시모토 대한정신약물학회 2011 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.9 No.3
Objective: Agonists of α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) have been developed as potential therapeutic drugs for neuropsychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease. Positron emission tomography (PET) is a noninvasive brain imaging technique to measure receptor occupancy in the living human brain. Although much effort has been expended to create specific PET radioligands for α7-nAChRs in the brain, only 4-[^(11)C]methylphenyl-1,4-diazabicyclo[3.2.2.]nonane-4-carboxylate ([^(11)C]CHIBA-1001) is currently available for clinical studies. In contrast, two 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 (5-HT_3)receptor antagonists, tropisetron and ondansetron, have been used to treat patients with chemotherapy-induced or postoperative nausea and vomiting. Furthermore, tropisetron, but not ondansetron, possesses high affinity for α7-nAChRs. In the present study, we evaluated the receptor occupancy in the human brain after a single oral administration of tropisetron and ondansetron using [^(11)C]CHIBA-1001 and PET. Methods: Two serial dynamic PET scans using [^(11)C]CHIBA-1001 in healthy non-smoking male subjects were performed before and after receiving an oral administration of these medications. Results: A single oral administration of tropisetron, but not ondansetron, decreased the total distribution volume of [^(11)C]CHIBA-1001 in the human brain. Conclusion: This study shows that tropisetron, but not ondansetron, could bind to α7-nAChRs in the human brain after a single oral administration. Therefore, [^(11)C]CHIBA-1001 may be a useful PET radioligand to measure the occupancy of α7-nAChRs in the human brain.
Nobuko Kojima,Tada Hayato,Akihiro Nomura,Soichiro Usui,Kenji Sakata,Kenshi Hayashi,Atsushi Nohara,Akihiro Inazu,Masa-aki Kawashiri,Masayuki Takamura 한국지질동맥경화학회 2024 지질·동맥경화학회지 Vol.13 No.1
ObjectiveSitosterolemia is a rare autosomal recessive disease caused by the deleterious variants of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette sub-family G member 5 (ABCG5) or ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 8 (ABCG8). There are only few data on the pathogenicity of ABCG5 and ABCG8. This study aimed to propose a scheme for determining variant pathogenicity and to catalog the putative pathogenic variants in sitosterolemia. MethodsThis study enrolled 377 consecutive Japanese patients with hyper-low-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia (mean age: 46.5±19.8 years, with 192 men) who have targeted-sequenced data on ABCG5 or ABCG8 (among 21 Mendelian lipid genes for any dyslipidemias) and serum sitosterol levels at Kanazawa University Hospital from 2016 to 2021. Serum sitosterol levels were divided by 0.79 in patients treated with ezetimibe, accounting for the average reduction with this drug. ABCG5 or ABCG8 variants were defined as putative pathogenic if associated with serum sitosterol levels ≥5 µg/mL or homozygous if associated with serum sitosterol levels ≥10 µg/mL. ResultsTwenty-three ABCG5 or ABCG8 variants (16 missense, 2 nonsense, 2 frameshift, 2 deletion, and 1 splice mutation) were identified. Based on our definition, 11 putative pathogenic variants (median sitosterol level: 10.1 [6.5–17.1] µg/mL) were found in 36 individuals and 12 benign variants (median sitosterol: 3.5 [2.5–4.1] µg/mL) in 14 individuals. ConclusionThe scheme proposed for assessing the pathogenicity of genetic variations (ABCG5 and ABCG8) is useful. Using this scheme, 11 putative pathogenic, and 12 benign variants in ABCG5 or ABCG were classified.
Biological Activities of Non - saponin Compounds Isolated from Korean Red Ginseng
(Hiromichi Okuda),(Sung Dong Lee),(Yukinaga Matsuura),(Yinan Zheng),(Keizo Sekiya),(Takeshi Takaku),(Kenji Kameda),(Kumi Hirose),(Kazuhiro Ohtani),(Osamu Tanaka),(Toshiie Sakata) 고려인삼학회 1990 Proceedings of International Symposium on Korean G Vol.- No.-