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        Risk factor analysis of coexisting endometrial carcinoma in patients with endometrial hyperplasia: a retrospective observational study of Taiwanese Gynecologic Oncology Group

        Yu-Li Chen,Kung-Liahng Wang,Min-Yu Chen,Mu-Hsien Yu,Chen-Hsuan Wu,Yu-Min Ke,Yi-Jen Chen,Yin-Yi Chang,Keng-Fu Hsu,Ming-Shyen Yen 대한부인종양학회 2013 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.24 No.1

        Objective: To evaluate the clinical outcome and parameters related to coexisting endometrial carcinoma in women with tissuediagnosed endometrial hyperplasia. Methods: Between January 1991 and December 2009, three hundred and eighty-six patients with the presumptive diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia were retrieved. Among these, one hundred and twenty-five patients were identified as having coexisting endometrial carcinoma in hysterectomy specimens. The three hundred and eighty-six patients were divided into two groups: the hyperplasia-benign group (261 cases) and the hyperplasia-malignant group (125 cases). Several clinical parameters including age, menopausal status, history of abnormal uterine bleeding, obstetrical history, medical history of diabetes and hypertension, BMI, and preoperative pathologic results were investigated. Results: Age ≥53 (odds ratio [OR], 2.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26 to 4.57), menopausal status (OR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.14to 3.76), diabetes history (OR, 7.33; 95% CI, 2.79 to 19.26), abnormal uterine bleeding (OR, 3.99; 95% CI, 1.22 to 13.02), atypical endometrial hyperplasia (OR, 7.38; 95% CI, 4.03 to 13.49), and body mass index ≥27 (OR, 3.24; 95% CI, 1.76 to 5.97) were independent risk factors for prediction of endometrial hyperplasia coexisting with endometrial carcinoma. The diagnostic efficacy of atypical endometrial hyperplasia to predict the endometrial hyperplasia coexisting with endometrial carcinoma was better than or similar to those of other independent factors and combinations of these factors. Conclusion: Coexisting malignancy should be considered when examining endometrial hyperplasia patients with the related risk factors, especially atypical endometrial hyperplasia.

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        Synergistic effect of KCl mixing and melamine/urea mixture in the synthesis of g-C3N4 for photocatalytic removal of tetracycline

        Chechia Hu,Zhi-Ting Liu,Kun-Yi Andrew Lin,Wei-Han Wei,Ke-Hsuan Wang 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.107 No.-

        To prepare g-C3N4 for photocatalytic tetracycline (TC) removal, KCl was employed to mix with or cover thetop of the precursors, namely, melamine and urea. The mixing of KCl with the precursor will result in theincorporation of KClwithin the layer structure of g-C3N4, whereas KCl covering the top might not have suchan effect. Different precursor ratios contributed to the formation of heptazine-rich or triazine-rich units inthe g-C3N4 structure. Melamine applied alone as a precursor will undergo a phase transformation intomelam and triazine-rich g-C3N4, whereas with the addition of urea, the mixture will polymerize to formmelem and heptazine-rich g-C3N4. The KCl-incorporated, heptazine-rich g-C3N4 (KCN80m) exhibited animproved photocatalytic activity for TC removal (greater than 80% during a 120-min period for 50 mL ofa 20-ppm TC solution). The enhanced activity can be attributed to the improved charge separation throughan electron and hole transfer through the K+ and Cl- sites, respectively; the formation of a nanojunctionbetween the triazine and heptazine units of g-C3N4; an increased number of photoexcited electrons, indicatedby the electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy results.Wevaried the mixing conditions of KCland precursor ratio to synthesize different KCl-incorporated heptazine-rich g-C3N4 samples for effectiveremoval of TC from water through photocatalysis.

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