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Ultrastructural Changes In the Midgut During Metamorphosis inApis Cerana Indica.
Kalpana M. Kelwadkar,Deepak D. Barsagade 한국잠사학회 2008 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.16 No.1
The midgut epithelium of Indian honey bee Apis cerana indica is consist of digestive cells and small regenerative cells. The regenerative cells are placed in the nests scattered among the digestive cells. During metamorphosis the midgut of Apis cerana indica is remodeled. The larval midgut epithelium and muscular sheath digested partially at the end of larval period and thrown out in the form of debris in the lumen. The new epithelium is formed by the proliferation of the regenerative cells and during pupation reorganization of midgut layer occurs. The ultrastuctural studies shows that the regenerative cells are in contact with degenerative cells by the cytoplasmic extension which have many septed and gap junctions in the fifth instar larvae. In developing pupae reorganization of the midgut epithelium is continued whereas in the pharate adult the midgut wall shows, characteristic of adult midgut epithelium with pycnotic nuclei in some cells.
Magnetic Properties and Relaxation of Vanadium Monolayer on Pd(001) Surface
Kalpana K. Landge,Beata Bialek,Jae Il Lee 한국자기학회 2010 Journal of Magnetics Vol.15 No.2
We investigated the magnetism of vanadium monolayers on a Pd(001) surface. The electronic structure and the magnetic properties of the V/Pd(001) system were determined with the use of the full-potential linearized augmented plane-wave method within the general gradient approximation. Three magnetic configurations were studied: non-, ferro-, and antiferromagnetic. From the total energy calculations, we found that the V/Pd(001) system is the most stable in the antiferromagnetic configuration. The importance of relaxation on the magnetic properties of the systems was also studied. It was found that the Pd(001) surface covered with a V monolayer undergoes considerable relaxation in which the spacing between Pd layers increases in all three magnetic configurations. Contrary to the Pd interlayer spacing, the distance between the V overlayer and the topmost Pd layer is reduced. The interlayer spacing between the V overlayer and the Pd surface layer is the largest for the antiferromagnetic configuration. In the relaxed antiferromagnetic structure, the magnitude of the calculated magnetic moments on the V atoms was 1.31 μB. The presence of the vanadium monolayer does not affect the paramagnetic properties of the Pd(001) surface.
Women’s Empowerment in Building Disaster Resilient Communities
Kalpana ARYAL 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2014 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.10 No.1
Nepal is one of the 20 most disaster-prone countries in the world. Unequal access to and control over resources by women also add to Nepal’s vulnerability. Rautahat district faces many hazards every year, such as floods, fire, epidemics, and cold waves. Floods displace more than 756 families temporarily each year. Women are considered the most vulnerable group in disaster situations due to several factors, such as illiteracy, poverty, lack of awareness, social taboos, domestic and other violence, lack of access to and control over resources, low influence and decision-making capacity and so on. Disaster risk reduction, as a multi-hazard approach, is directly linked to community resiliency. It covers all aspects of development identified by local communities. With the objective of empowering women for leadership skills in Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and Climate Change Adaptation (CCA), via the Nepal Red Cross Society, we established six Women Empowerment Centers (WEC) in the Village Development Committees (VDCs). The project has equipped them with several training inputs. WEC members have had several tangible achievements by mobilizing community people in the sector of disaster management and by coordinating with other agencies for the technical expertise they need.
Kalpana Mody,Yasmin Khambhaty,B. Jha 한국생물공학회 2007 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.12 No.6
The phenotypic and carrageenolytic features of a novel halo tolerant marine bacterium, isolated from decayed red algal samples collected along the west coast of India were studied. This gram-negative strain was identified as Pseudomonas elongata (MTCC 5261) syn. Microbulbifer elongatus comb. nov according to its morphological, physiological and molecular characterization. The extracellular κ-carrageenase was purified 106.54-fold by a combination of ammonium sulfate precipitation (40~60%) and successive gel filtration chromatography. The purified protein fraction yielded significantly high activity of 426.19 units/mg protein and migrated as a single band on a sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with a molecular weight of ~128 kDa. For κ-carrageenase activity, optimum temperature was 40℃ whereas two pH optima i.e. 5.6 and 7.7 were observed. For κ-carrageenan, the enzyme gave a Km value of 6.66 mg/mL and a Vmax value of 4 μmol/min/mg when the reaction was carried out at 40℃ and pH 5.6. Isolated κ-carrageenase could successfully generate protoplasts of Kappaphycus alvarezii. This is the first report on the production of κ-carrageenase by this bacterium isolated from west coast of India. Molecular mass and various characteristics showed that the carrageenase from P. elongata was much different from those previously reported.
Kalpana G. V.,Kumar N. Suresh,Basavaraja H. K.,Reddy N. Mal,Palit A. K. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2005 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.10 No.2
Serious attempt for the improvement of quality parameters in silkworm hybrids came rather very late in India. Realising the need for productive breeds to the field and reorientation in breeding methodology, the silkworm breeders of CSRTI, Mysore were able to develop silkworm breeds with fine denier namely, JPN7, CSR48, B63 and B65 of specific industrial requirement through directional selection. As the success of silkworm breeds mainly depends on their combining ability, the developed breeds were subjected for hybrid evaluation. Out of 42 bivoltine hybrids studied, one hybrid, $CSR48{\times}CSR5$ was identified for its superiority over the existing bivoltine hybrids namely $CSR2{\times}CSR4,\;CSR2{\times}CSR5\;and\;CSR18{\times}CSR19$ for majority of qualitative traits. Post cocoon testing of large quantity of cocoons of $CSR48{\times}CSR5$ resulted in the production of high quality '3A'grade silk. It is for the first time in the Indian Sericulture industry that high quality silk with longer filament length of 1474 m, denier of 2.47, standard size deviation of 0.983 d, maximum size deviation of 1.322, neatness of 96 p, reelability of $85\%$, tenacity of 3.87 g/d, elongation of $22.32\%$ and cohesion of 110 strokes was produced. The superiority of fine denier silkworm breeds and their hybrids are discussed.