Detoxification of Malachite Green and Textile Industrial Effluent by Penicillium ochrochloron

Utkarsha Shedbalkar,Jyoti P. Jadhav 한국생물공학회 2011 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.16 No.1

Malachite green was detoxified into p-benzyl-N,N-dimethylaniline and N,N-dimethyl-aniline hydrochloride by Penicillium ochrochloron. Degradation metabolites were analyzed by TLC, HPLC, and FTIR and identified by GCMS analysis. Phytotoxicity testing revealed the nontoxic nature of these metabolites. The percentage decolorization of malachite green (50 mg/L) was 93% in czapek dox broth after 14 h with an optimum pH of 7 at 30℃. The induction in the activity of lignin peroxidase after degradation suggested that the degradation of malachite green was peroxidase-mediated. Fungal culture was also found to have detoxified the textile effluent. The values of TDS,TSS, COD, and BOD were reduced in the treated samples compared to the control effluent. The treated effluent was non-toxic to the plants of Triticum aestivum and Ervum lens Linn, and the amount of total chlorophyll was higher in plants with treated effluent when compared to control effluent.

Biochemical Characterization and Potential for Textile Dye Degradation of Blue Laccase from Aspergillus ochraceus NCIM-1146

Amar A. Telke,Avinash A. Kadam,Sujit S. Jagtap,Jyoti P. Jadhav,Sanjay P. Govindwar 한국생물공학회 2010 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.15 No.4

In our study, we produced intracellular blue laccase by growing the filamentous fungus Aspergillus ochraceus NCIM-1146 in potato dextrose broth. The enzyme was then purified 22-fold to a specific activity of 4.81 U/mg using anion-exchange and size exclusion chromatography. The molecular weight of purified laccase was estimated as 68 kDa using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The enzyme showed maximum substrate specificity toward 2,2'-Azinobis, 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid than any other substrate. The optimum pH and temperature for laccase activity were 4.0 and 60ºC, respectively. The purified enzyme was stable up to 50ºC, and high laccase activity was maintained at pH 5.0 ~ 7.0. Laccase activity was strongly inhibited by sodium azide, EDTA, dithiothreitol, and L-cysteine. Purified laccase decolorized various textile dyes within 4 h in the absence of redox mediators. HPLC and FTIR analysis confirmed degradation of methyl orange. The metabolite formed after decolorization of methyl orange was characterized as p-N,N'-dimethylamine phenyldiazine using GCMS.

<i>In situ</i> phytoremediation of dyes from textile wastewater using garden ornamental plants, effect on soil quality and plant growth

Chandanshive, Vishal V.,Kadam, Suhas K.,Khandare, Rahul V.,Kurade, Mayur B.,Jeon, Byong-Hun,Jadhav, Jyoti P.,Govindwar, Sanjay P. Elsevier 2018 CHEMOSPHERE - Vol.210 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P> <I>In situ</I> phytoremediation of dyes from textile wastewater was carried out in a high rate transpiration system ridges (91.4 m × 1.0 m) cultivated independently with <I>Tagetes patula, Aster amellus, Portulaca grandiflora and Gaillardia grandiflora</I> which reduced American Dye Manufacturers Institute color value by 59, 50, 46 and 73%, respectively within 30 d compared to dye accumulated in unplanted ridges. Significant increase in microbial count and electric conductivity of soil was observed during phytoremediation. Reduction in the contents of macro (N, P, K and C), micro (B, Cu, Fe and Mn) elements and heavy metals (Cd, As, Pb and Cr) was observed in the soil from planted ridges due to phyto-treatment. Root tissues of these plants showed significant increase in the specific activities of oxido-reductive enzymes such as lignin peroxidase, laccase, veratryl alcohol oxidase, tyrosinase and azo reductase during decolorization of textile dyes from soil. Anatomical studies of plants roots revealed the occurrence of textile dyes in tissues and subsequent degradation. A minor decrease in plant growth was also observed. Overall surveillance suggests that the use of garden ornamental plants on the ridges of constructed wetland for the treatment of dyes from wastewater along with the consortia of soil microbial flora is a wise and aesthetically pleasant strategy.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Ornamental plants at wetland ridges accumulated and degraded dyes from soil. </LI> <LI> Synergism between plants and microbes was involved in effective dye removal. </LI> <LI> Study revealed the entry and degradation of textile dyes in roots. </LI> <LI> Phytoremediation did not cause any severe toxicity on studied plants. </LI> <LI> The proposed treatment method was found to be aesthetically pleasant. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

<i>Asparagus densiflorus</i> in a vertical subsurface flow phytoreactor for treatment of real textile effluent: A lab to land approach for <i>in situ</i> soil remediation

Watharkar, Anuprita D.,Kadam, Suhas K.,Khandare, Rahul V.,Kolekar, Parag D.,Jeon, Byong-Hun,Jadhav, Jyoti P.,Govindwar, Sanjay P. Elsevier 2018 Ecotoxicology and environmental safety Vol.161 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This study explores the potential of <I>Asparagus densiflorus</I> to treat disperse Rubin GFL (RGFL) dye and a real textile effluent in constructed vertical subsurface flow (VSbF) phytoreactor; its field cultivation for soil remediation offers a real green and economic way of environmental management. <I>A. densiflorus</I> decolorized RGFL (40 gm L<SUP>−1</SUP>) up to 91% within 48 h. VSbF phytoreactor successfully reduced American dye manufacture institute (ADMI), BOD, COD, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) of real textile effluent by 65%, 61%, 66%, 48% and 66%, respectively within 6 d. Oxidoreductive enzymes such as laccase (138%), lignin peroxidase (129%), riboflavin reductase (111%) were significantly expressed during RGFL degradation in <I>A. densiflorus</I> roots, while effluent transformation caused noteworthy induction of enzymes like, tyrosinase (205%), laccase (178%), veratryl oxidase (52%). Based on enzyme activities, UV–vis spectroscopy, FTIR and GC-MS results; RGFL was proposed to be transformed to 4-amino-3- methylphenyl (hydroxy) oxoammonium and N, N-diethyl aniline. Anatomical study of the advanced root tissue of <I>A. densiflorus</I> exhibited the progressive dye accumulation and removal during phytoremediation. HepG2 cell line and phytotoxicity study demonstrated reduced toxicity of biotransformed RGFL and treated effluent by <I>A. densiflorus,</I> respectively. On field remediation study revealed a noteworthy removal (67%) from polluted soil within 30 d.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> <I>Asparagus densiflorus</I> showed potential to transform disperse dye Rubin GFL. </LI> <LI> Vertical subsurface flow phytoreactor efficiently decolorized real textile effluent. </LI> <LI> Toxicity study confirmed the reduced toxicity of biotransformed dye and effluent. </LI> <LI> <I>In situ</I> soil remediation studies revealed a noteworthy removal of soil ADMI. </LI> <LI> Lab to land transfer of phytoremediation technology was successfully achieved. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Co-planted floating phyto-bed along with microbial fuel cell for enhanced textile effluent treatment

Kadam, Suhas K.,Watharkar, Anuprita D.,Chandanshive, Vishal V.,Khandare, Rahul V.,Jeon, Byong-Hun,Jadhav, Jyoti P.,Govindwar, Sanjay P. Elsevier 2018 JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION Vol.203 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A floating phytobed system based on plants of <I>Chrysopogon zizanioides</I> and <I>Typha angustifolia</I> (Consortium CT) was effective in the removal of Scarlet RR Dye (150 mg/L) and a textile effluent, with rates of 89 and 87%, respectively, within a 60-h period, which demonstrates a higher elimination rate than an individual plantation. In addition, the treatment of textile effluents with the floating phytobed linked to microbial fuel cells was enhanced in terms of color reduction, chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, total dissolved solids and total suspended solids up to 82, 75, 75, 67 and 70%, respectively. Moreover, it produced a power of 0.0769 W/m<SUP>2</SUP> at current density of 0.3846 A/m<SUP>2</SUP>. Terminal restriction length polymorphism community analysis documented 37 new genera which have a probable role in efficient treatment as well as power generation. Induction in the activities of oxidoreductase, high performance thin layer chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy analyses of treated Scarlet RR dye confirmed the biotransformation. Toxicity evaluated on gill histology of <I>Lamellidens marginalis</I> and inter simple sequence repeat marker assessment confirmed the decreased toxicity of Scarlet RR after phyto-transformation.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> <I>Chrysopogon zizanioides</I> and <I>Typha angustifolia</I> treated Scarlet RR and real effluent. </LI> <LI> Co-planted phyto-bed (FPb) gave efficient dye removal with energy generation. </LI> <LI> Removal of dyes improved note-worthily by FPb-Microbial Fuel Cells system. </LI> <LI> Degradation pathway of Scarlet RR by co-plantation system was proposed. </LI> <LI> Toxicity study on bivalve revealed less toxic nature of dye products. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Degradation of Sulfonated Azo Dyes by the Purified Lignin Peroxidase from Brevibacillus laterosporus MTCC 2298

Sushama S. Gomare,Jyoti P. Jadhav,Sanjay P. Govindwar 한국생물공학회 2008 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.13 No.2

Lignin peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.14) was purified from the Brevibacillus laterosporus MTCC 2298 by ion exchange chromatography. The Km value of the purified lignin peroxidase (using n-propanol as substrate) was 1.6 mM. The MW of purified enzyme determined with the help of MW-standard markers was approximately 205 kDa. Purity of the enzyme was confirmed by native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and the activity staining using a substrate L-DOPA. Sulfonated azo dyes such as Methyl orange and Blue-2B were degraded by the purified lignin peroxidase. Degradation of the dyes was confirmed by HPLC, GC-MS, and FTIR spectroscopy. The mainly elected products of Methyl orange were 4-substituted hexanoic acid (m/z = 207), 4-cyclohexenone lactone cation (m/z = 191), and 4-isopropanal-2, 5-cyclohexa-dienone (m/z = 149) and for Blue-2B were 4-(2-hexenoic acid)-2, 5-cyclohexa-diene-one (m/z = 207; M - 1 = 206) and dehydro-acetic acid derivative (m/z = 223).