Bacterial Community Structure and Function Shift in Rhizosphere Soil of Tobacco Plants Infected by Meloidogyne incognita

Wenjie Tong(Wenjie Tong),Junying Li(Junying Li),Wenfeng Cong(Wenfeng Cong),Cuiping Zhang(Cuiping Zhang),Zhaoli Xu(Zhaoli Xu),Xiaolong Chen(Xiaolong Chen),Min Yang(Min Yang),Jiani Liu(Jiani Liu),Lei Yu 한국식물병리학회 2022 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.38 No.6

Root-knot nematode disease is a widespread and catastrophic disease of tobacco. However, little is known about the relationship between rhizosphere bacterial community and root-knot nematode disease. This study used 16S rRNA gene sequencing and PICRUSt to assess bacterial community structure and function changes in rhizosphere soil from Meloidogyne incognita-infected tobacco plants. We studied the rhizosphere bacterial community structure of M. incognita-infected and uninfected tobacco plants through a paired comparison design in two regions of tobacco planting area, Yuxi and Jiuxiang of Yunnan Province, southwest China. According to the findings, M. incognita infection can alter the bacterial population in the soil. Uninfested soil has more operational taxonomic unit numbers and richness than infested soil. Principal Coordinate Analysis revealed clear separations between bacterial communities from infested and uninfested soil, indicating that different infection conditions resulted in significantly different bacterial community structures in soils. Firmicutes was prevalent in infested soil, but Chloroflexi and Acidobacteria were prevalent in uninfested soil. Sphingomonas, Streptomyces, and Bradyrhizobium were the dominant bacteria genera, and their abundance were higher in infested soil. By PICRUSt analysis, some metabolism-related functions and signal transduction functions of the rhizosphere bacterial community in the M. incognita infection-tobacco plants had a higher relative abundance than those uninfected. As a result, rhizosphere soils from tobacco plants infected with M. incognita showed considerable bacterial community structure and function alterations.

Evaluating the electric property of different crystal faces and enhancing the Raman scattering of Cu2O microcrystal by depositing Ag on the surface

Hong Gao,Junying Zhang,Min Li,Kejia Liu,Dong Guo,Yue Zhang 한국물리학회 2013 Current Applied Physics Vol.13 No.5

The surface electric property of Cu2O microcrystal affects the interaction of facets with substance in the aqueous solution, and hence plays a key role in determining the photocatalytic activity. In this paper, the capability of Cu2O microcrystals with exclusive {111}, {110} or both lattice surfaces in reducing Agþ to Ag0were investigated. Ag particles selectively deposited on {111} surfaces of Cu2O, while not on {110} surfaces. The different behaviors of the two surfaces are mainly attributed to their different electric properties:negatively-charged {111} surfaces absorb Agþ ions while positively-charged {110} surfaces repel them. Raman scattering of Cu2O {111} surfaces was enhanced by the photo-deposition of Ag particles.

Enrichment and verification of differentially expressed miRNAs in bursa of Fabricius in two breeds of duck

Jun Luo,Junying Liu,He-he Liu,Tao Zhang,Jiwen Wang,Hua He,Chunchun Han 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.7

Objective: The bursa of Fabricius (BF) is a central humoral immune organ belonging specifically to avians. Recent studies had suggested that miRNAs were active regulators involved in the immune processes. This study was to investigate the possible differences of the BF at miRNA level between two genetically disparate duck breeds. Methods: Using Illumina next-generation sequencing, the miRNAs libraries of ducks were established. Results: The results showed that there were 66 differentially expressed miRNAs and 28 novel miRNAs in bursa. A set of abundant miRNAs (i.e., let-7, miR-146a-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-17~92) which are involved in immunity and disease were detected and the predicted target genes of the novel miRNAs were associated with duck high anti-adversity ability. By gene ontology analysis and enriching KEGG pathway, the targets of differential expressed miRNAs were mainly involved in immunity and disease, supporting that there were differences in the BF immune functions between the two duck breeds. In addition, the metabolic pathway had the maximum enriched target genes and some enriched pathways that were related to cell cycle, protein synthesis, cell proliferation and apoptosis. It indicted that the difference of metabolism may be one of the reasons leading the immune difference between the BF of two duck breeds. Conclusion: This data lists the main differences in the BF at miRNAs level between two genetically disparate duck breeds and lays a foundation to carry out molecular assisted breeding of poultry in the future.

Study on the Sulfate Erosion Behavior of Cement-based Materials with Different Water-to-binder Ratios Containing Stone Powder in a Low-Temperature Saline Soil Area

Bentian Yu,Haoqi Zhou,Junying Xia,Xiaolin Liu,Chao Xie,Kai Zhang 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.9

To research the performance of low-temperature sulfate corrosion resistance of concrete mixed with stone-powder in saline soil area of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In this work, the influence of the water-to-binder ratio and stone powder types on the low-temperature sulfate erosion behavior of cement-based materials was studied, and in order to predict its erosion life, a Wiener stochastic process model was established. The results show the following: 1) The samples of limestone powder cement-based materials (LCBM) with different water-to-binder ratios showed the same law in sulfate erosion; the greater the water-to-binder ratio is, the more serious the sample is eroded, and the difference is the rate of erosion reaction. The greater the water-to-binder ratio is, the earlier the characteristic peak of thaumasite appears. The electric pulse accelerated erosion lifetimes of the cement-based limestone powder with water binder ratios of 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 were 185 days, 136 days and 110 days, respectively. 2) Quartz stone powder cement-based materials (QCBM) showed different erosion laws compared with LCBM. When soaked in sulfate, the macroscopic and microscopic changes of QCBM were basically in a mineral additives state, However, when the electric pulse accelerated the erosion, the QCBM was more severely attacked than the LCBM. The final erosion products of the cement-based limestone powder with water binder ratios of 0.4 are not only gypsum and ettringite but also thaumasite, while the quartz powder cement-based materials with water-binder ratios of 0.4 are only gypsum and ettringite.

External Risk Management Practices of Chinese Construction Firms in Singapore

Low Sui Pheng,Liu Junying,Sarah He 대한토목학회 2009 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.13 No.2

External risk management encompasses many areas such as finance, politics and national cultures, and there are many literatures that focus significantly on risk management in each area. Managing external risks are not unlike managing project risks and the same principles that are applied to project risk management may well be used to manage external risks. However, although external risk management is a critical success factor for many construction firms who have ventured out of their home countries, like project risks, this is often neglected by construction firms and construction firms generally either do not have sufficient knowledge pertinent to external risk management, or tend to overlook the effects that a lack of external risk management may have on their businesses. The objective of this study is to examine how construction firms attempt to manage external risks during the period that they venture into host countries. The study anchors on the external risk management practices of Chinese contractors that have ventured out of Mainland China into Singapore. A survey was conducted of all Chinese contractors in Singapore to gain a better insight into the external risk management practices which a typical Chinese contractor implements. From these, areas that may be improved in the current external risk management system will also be discussed to gain a learning experience from what is currently being practised in the industry. External risk management encompasses many areas such as finance, politics and national cultures, and there are many literatures that focus significantly on risk management in each area. Managing external risks are not unlike managing project risks and the same principles that are applied to project risk management may well be used to manage external risks. However, although external risk management is a critical success factor for many construction firms who have ventured out of their home countries, like project risks, this is often neglected by construction firms and construction firms generally either do not have sufficient knowledge pertinent to external risk management, or tend to overlook the effects that a lack of external risk management may have on their businesses. The objective of this study is to examine how construction firms attempt to manage external risks during the period that they venture into host countries. The study anchors on the external risk management practices of Chinese contractors that have ventured out of Mainland China into Singapore. A survey was conducted of all Chinese contractors in Singapore to gain a better insight into the external risk management practices which a typical Chinese contractor implements. From these, areas that may be improved in the current external risk management system will also be discussed to gain a learning experience from what is currently being practised in the industry.

Optimization of basic magenta adsorption onto Fe/Cu nanocomposites synthesized by sweet potato leaf extract using response surface methodology

Yuanyuan Niu,Ruijuan Jia,Chenglin Liu,Xiuli Han,Chun Chang,Junying Chen 한국화학공학회 2021 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.38 No.8

Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles using plant extracts as an effective bio-reducing reagent has attracted considerable attention. Fe/Cu nanocomposites synthesized by extracts of sweet potato leaves served to remove basic magenta (BM) from aqueous solution. The adsorption operation conditions of BM on Fe/Cu nanocomposites were optimum by Box-Behnken design (BBD) model of response surface methodology (RSM). The adsorption equilibrium data were well described by the Sips and Redlich-Peterson models. The thermodynamic studies showed that the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous. The maximum adsorption capacity from the Sips model was 235.92mg/g at 298 K, which indicated that Fe/Cu nanocomposites had potential application in wastewater treatment. As indicated by pseudo-second order kinetics model, the adsorption of BM onto Fe/Cu nanocomposites could be achieved through the complexation, H-bonding, - adsorbate-adsorbent interaction, and electrostatic interaction at different pH values

FBXL20-mediated Vps34 ubiquitination as a p53 controlled checkpoint in regulating autophagy and receptor degradation

Xiao, Juan,Zhang, Tao,Xu, Daichao,Wang, Huibing,Cai, Yu,Jin, Taijie,Liu, Min,Jin, Mingzhi,Wu, Kejia,Yuan, Junying Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 2015 Genes & development Vol.29 No.2

<P>Vps34, the catalytic subunit in the class III phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase complexes, mediates the production of PtdIns3P, a key intracellular lipid involved in regulating autophagy and receptor degradation. Xiao et al. show that DNA damage-activated mitotic arrest and CDK activation lead to the phosphorylation of Vps34. This provides a signal to promote Vps34 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation mediated by FBXL20, leading to inhibition of autophagy and receptor endocytosis. Importantly, they also find that expression of FBXL20 is regulated by p53-dependent transcription.</P><P>Vacuolar protein-sorting 34 (Vps34), the catalytic subunit in the class III PtdIns3 (phosphatidylinositol 3) kinase complexes, mediates the production of PtdIns3P, a key intracellular lipid involved in regulating autophagy and receptor degradation. However, the signal transduction pathways by which extracellular signals regulate Vps34 complexes and the downstream cellular mechanisms are not well understood. Here we show that DNA damage-activated mitotic arrest and CDK activation lead to the phosphorylation of Vps34, which provides a signal to promote its ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation mediated by FBXL20 (an F-box protein) and the associated Skp1 (S-phase kinase-associated protein-1)–Cullin1 complex, leading to inhibition of autophagy and receptor endocytosis. Furthermore, we show that the expression of FBXL20 is regulated by p53-dependent transcription. Our study provides a molecular pathway by which DNA damage regulates Vps34 complexes and its downstream mechanisms, including autophagy and receptor endocytosis, through SCF (Skp1–Cul1–F-box)-mediated ubiquitination and degradation. Since the expression of FBXL20 is regulated by p53-dependent transcription, the control of Vps34 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation by FBXL20 and the associated SCF complex expression provides a novel checkpoint for p53 to regulate autophagy and receptor degradation in DNA damage response.</P>