The Association Between Financial Knowledge Confidence Bias and Financial Behavior

John E. Grable(존 그래이블),Joo-Yung Park(박주영),So-Hyun Joo(주소현) 한국FP학회 2012 Financial Planning Review Vol.5 No.1

본 연구는 재무지식에 대한 자신감이 재무관리 행동양식에 영향을 준다는 가설을 검정 하고자 하였으며 이러한 자신감 편향 영향이 국가 간에 다르게 나타나는지 여부를 살펴 보고자 하였다. 자신감 편향 개념은 주관적 척도로만 측정하지 않고, 주관적 점수와 객관적 점수를 토대로 예측된 주관적 점수 간의 편향(차이)을 측정하여 사용하였다. 연구 결과로는 첫째, 한국인과 미국인의 객관적 재무지식 수준을 측정한 결과 미국인의 경우 한국인에 비해 객관적인 평가점수가 더 높게 나타났지만, 자신감 편향에서는 두 국가 간에 차이가 나타 나지 않았다. 둘째, 한국인이 미국인에 비해 취약한 것으로 나타난 영역은 금융피해 사후 대처방안, 인플레이션과 금리의 관계성과 같은 시장경제원리, 투자 상품, 퇴직연금으로 나타났다. 셋째, 재무지식에 대한 자신감은 재무행동에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며 자신의 재무지식에 대한 자신감이 부적한 소비자일수록 재무행동 점수가 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 이에 금융소비자의 자신감 부족상태를 해소하기 위해서 특히 취약한 영역을 중심으로 지식, 태도, 기능이 균형 잡힌 교육을 제공하고, 국민 전체를 대상으로 재무교육 기회를 균등하게 제공하며, 학교를 통한 조기교육 효과를 극대화할 수 있도록 정책적 지원을 요청할 것 등을 제언하였다. This research tried to examine the relationship between financial knowledge confidence and financial behavior. Previously van Rooik et al. (2011) hypothesized that those who exhibit financial knowledge confidence ought to display better financial behavior. The purpose of this study was to test this hypothesis using a differential prediction model. Differential prediction relies on assessing both subjective and objective measures of financial knowledge, rather than depending only on a respondent’s subjective indication of confidence. Using a cross-national sample of Americans and Koreans, it was determined that Americans scored higher on both the subjective and objective measures of financial knowledge but that there were no significant differences between the two nationalities in terms of financial knowledge confidence. However, only partial support was noted for the research hypothesis. Americans who exhibited financial knowledge under-confidence were found to be more likely to report a lower financial behavioral grade. The effect of confidence bias for Koreans was not significant, holding other factors constant. When viewed as a full sample, income, age, LOC, and financial knowledge confidence were associated with financial behavior.

What Is the Effect of Body Mass Index on Subjective Outcome Following Vaginal Hysterectomy for Prolapse?

Thomas Gray,John Money-Taylor,Weiguang Li,Andrew G Farkas,Patrick C. Campbell,Stephen C. Radley 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2019 International Neurourology Journal Vol.23 No.2

Purpose: Obesity is a significant risk factor for pelvic organ prolapse (POP), but the effects of obesity on outcomes of surgery for POP are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between POP symptomatology, subjective outcomes of surgery and body mass index (BMI) in women undergoing vaginal hysterectomy for POP. Methods: Pre- and postoperative data from a validated pelvic floor questionnaire (electronic Personal Assessment Questionnaire- Pelvic Floor) were collected prospectively from 60 women undergoing vaginal hysterectomy for POP. Of these, 20 were normal weight (BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2), 20 were overweight (BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2), and 20 were women with obesity (BMI 30– 34.9 kg/m2). The relationship between BMI and symptom scores for prolapse, impact on vaginal symptoms on quality of life (VS-QoL) and ‘overall change in condition’ was assessed. Pre- and postoperative symptom scores were compared using repeated mixed analysis of variance test for BMI as a categorical variable (normal, overweight, and obese). Spearman rank order correlation test was carried out to evaluate BMI as a continuous variable. All women underwent vaginal hysterectomy using a standardized technique. Results: Overall, 93% of women reported improvement in their condition. The main finding was that ‘overall change in condition’ was negatively correlated with increasing BMI (rs=-0.324, P=0.028). Irrespective of BMI, significant improvements were observed in symptoms of prolapse and VS-QoL at 3-month postoperation. Conclusions: With increasing BMI, women are likely to report lower levels of satisfaction following prolapse surgery, despite reporting equivalent improvements in symptoms. BMI is known to affect how individuals perceive their general health and well-being with obese individuals reporting poorer levels of subjective health status. Women with obesity may perceive change in their condition after prolapse surgery differently to women of normal weight. Reduction of weight prior to prolapse surgery could be considered in obese women to improve subjective outcomes of surgery.

Fighting Cancer with Corroles

Teo, Ruijie D.,Hwang, Jae Youn,Termini, John,Gross, Zeev,Gray, Harry B. American Chemical Society 2017 Chemical reviews Vol.117 No.4

<P>Corroles are exceptionally promising platforms for the development of agents for simultaneous cancer-targeting imaging and therapy. Depending on the element chelated by the corrole, these theranostic agents may be tuned primarily for diagnostic or therapeutic function. Versatile synthetic methodologies allow for the preparation of amphipolar derivatives, which form stable noncovalent conjugates with targeting biomolecules. These conjugates can be engineered for imaging and targeting as well as therapeutic function within one theranostic. assembly. In this review, we begin with a brief outline of corrole chemistry that has been uniquely useful in designing corrole-based anticancer agents. Then we turn attention to the early literature regarding corrole anticancer activity, which commenced one year after the first scalable synthesis was reported (1999-2000). In 2001, a major advance was made with the introduction of negatively charged corroles, as these molecules, being amphipolar, form stable conjugates with many proteins. More recently, both cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking of metallocorroles have been documented in experimental investigations employing advanced optical spectroscopic as well as magnetic resonance imaging techniques. Key results from work on both cellular and animal models are reviewed, with emphasis on those that have shed new light on the mechanisms associated with anticancer activity. In closing, we predict a very bright future for corrole anticancer research, as it is experiencing exponential growth, taking full advantage of recently developed imaging and therapeutic modalities.</P>

Deriving sediment quality standards from field-based species sensitivity distributions

Kenneth M. Y Leung,Paul K.S. Lam,Wang Yuan,Anders BjØrgesæter,John S Gray 환경독성보건학회 2004 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.- No.-

IBD2020 global forum: results of an international patient survey on quality of care

( Peter Irving ),( Johan Burisch ),( Richard Driscoll ),( Mats Olsson ),( John R Fullarton ),( Barry S Rodgers-gray ),( Simon Pl Travis ) 대한장연구학회 2018 Intestinal Research Vol.16 No.4

Background/Aims: IBD2020 is a global forum for standards of care in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of the IBD2020 survey was to identify and describe variations in quality care of IBD. Methods: Patients with IBD from Finland, Italy, France, Canada, Germany, UK, Spain and Sweden were surveyed during 2013 to 2014, covering: disease characteristics; impact on life and work; organization and perceived quality of care. Results: Seven thousand five hundred and seven patients participated (median age, 39 years [range, 10-103 years]; 2,354 male [31.4%]), including 4,097 (54.6%) with Crohn’s disease (CD) and 3,410 (45.4%) with ulcerative colitis (UC). Median time from symptom onset to diagnosis was 1 year for both CD (range, 0-47 years) and UC (range, 0-46 years), with no clear evidence of improvement in diagnostic delay over the preceding 24 years. Half of the patients (3,429; 50.0%) rated their care as “excellent” or “very good,” with similar results for CD and UC across countries. Five factors were significantly (P<0.01) associated with perceived good quality of care: quality of specialist communication; review consultation being long enough; failure to share information; no access to a dietician; speed of advice. Conclusions: The IBD2020 survey has highlighted areas related to quality of care of IBD from the patients’ perspective, with scope for improvement. (Intest Res 2018;16:537-545)