Isothermal and non-isothermal kinetic and safety parameter evaluation of tert-butyl(2-ethylhexyl)monoperoxy carbonate by differential scanning calorimetry

Lu-Yen Chen,Jo-Ming Tseng,Chung-Hwei Su,Kuen-Yuan Chuang,Chun-Ping Lin,Shuh-Woei Yu 한국화학공학회 2012 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.29 No.10

Tert-butyl(2-ethylhexyl)monoperoxy carbonate (TBEHC) 95 mass% is intrinsically a very unstable substance that can induce self-decomposition even under normal atmospheric condition. During storage, TBEHC 95mass%can release an enormous amount of heat if the temperature is higher than the recommended storage temperature, due to the self-accelerating reaction having been ignited. In this study, TBEHC 95mass% was tested by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) under five heating rates (1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 oC/min) and four isothermal conditions (120, 125, 130,and 135 oC) to evaluate the basic kinetic and safety parameters of time to maximum rate (TMR), self-accelerating decomposition temperature (SADT), and temperature of no return (TNR). Under runaway reaction TBEHC 95 mass%releases a great quantity of heat. This study establishes an important guiding principle for related manufacturing processes worldwide.

An Interpretative Study on Nurses' Perspectives of Working in an Overcrowded Emergency Department in Taiwan

Li-Chin Chen,Chun-Chih Lin,Chin-Yen Han,Chun-Lan Hsieh,Chiung-Jung (Jo) Wu,Hwey-Fang Liang 한국간호과학회 2018 Asian Nursing Research Vol.12 No.1

Purpose: This study aims to gain in-depth understanding of nurses' perspectives of working in an overcrowded emergency. Methods: Symbolic interactionism and Charmaz’s construction of grounded theory were used. Purposive sampling at the start of the study and a further theoretical sampling by snowball technique were used to recruit 40 registered nurses (RN) to participate in in-depth, semi-structured interviews betweenMay and November, 2014. Data analysis included analytic techniques of initial, focused and theoretical coding. Results: Study findings showed searching for work role is derived by the themes of Finding the role of positioning in Emergency Department (ED), Recognizing causes of ED overcrowding, and Confined working environment. Nurses' work experience which represents the RNs not gained control over their work, as care actions influenced by the problematic overcrowded circumstance of the ED environment. Conclusion: The findings fill a gap in knowledge about how RNs experience their work role in the context of an overcrowded Emergency Department in Taiwan. Arising from the study result include taking account of nurses' perspectives when planning staff/patient ratios, strategies to reduce waiting time and ensure that clients receive appropriate care.

Adiabatic runaway studies for methyl ethyl ketone peroxide with inorganic acids by vent sizing package 2

Yan-Fu Lin,Jiann-Rong Chen,Jo-Ming Tseng,Shu-Yu S. Wang,Chi-Min Shu 한국화학공학회 2008 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.25 No.3

Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKPO) is an unstable material that is classified as an explosive substance. We evaluated MEKPO 10 mass% under mixing with three inorganic acids (6 N HNO3, 6 N H3PO4, and 6 N H2SO4) by adiabatic system of vent sizing package 2 (VSP2). Results from evaluation and testing indicated that these three inorganic acids could increase the degree of hazard while combined with pure MEKPO. Therefore, information on the hazards and phenomena of runaway reaction should be provided in order to lessen the degree of hazard.

The Effective Program of Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation in Parents with Preterm Infants

Clagn Yu Shan,Chen Ching Ju,Chiu Ya Hui,Lin Ruei Yan,Lee Jo Hua,Huang Li Chi 한국간호과학회 2011 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.10

Lead-free KNbO₃ ferroelectric nanorod based flexible nanogenerators and capacitors

Jung, Jong Hoon,Chen, Chih-Yen,Yun, Byung Kil,Lee, Nuri,Zhou, Yusheng,Jo, William,Chou, Li-Jen,Wang, Zhong Lin IOP Pub 2012 Nanotechnology Vol.23 No.37

<P>In spite of high piezoelectricity, only a few one-dimensional ferroelectric nano-materials with perovskite structure have been used for piezoelectric nanogenerator applications. In this paper, we report high output electrical signals, i.e. an open-circuit voltage of 3.2 V and a closed-circuit current of 67.5 nA (current density 9.3 nA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>) at 0.38% strain and 15.2% s<SUP>−1</SUP> strain rate, using randomly aligned lead-free KNbO<SUB>3</SUB> ferroelectric nanorods (∼1 μm length) with piezoelectric coefficient (d<SUB>33</SUB> ∼ 55 pm V <SUP>−1</SUP>). A flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator is mainly composed of KNbO<SUB>3</SUB>–poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) composite sandwiched by Au/Cr-coated polymer substrates. We deposit a thin poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) layer between the KNbO<SUB>3</SUB>–PDMS composite and the Au/Cr electrode to completely prevent dielectric breakdown during electrical poling and to significantly reduce leakage current during excessive straining. The flexible KNbO<SUB>3</SUB>–PDMS composite device shows a nearly frequency-independent dielectric constant (∼3.2) and low dielectric loss (<0.006) for the frequency range of 10<SUP>2</SUP>–10<SUP>5</SUP> Hz. These results imply that short and randomly aligned ferroelectric nanorods can be used for a flexible high output nanogenerator as well as high-k capacitor applications by performing electrical poling and further optimizing the device structure. </P>

Determinants of Forgiveness in Families

Inna Reddy Edara,Jo-Lin Chen 가톨릭대학교(성심교정) 인간학연구소 2018 인간연구 Vol.0 No.37

This quantitative research investigated the determinants of forgiveness of a family transgressor by the offended. Data from 431 college students were analyzed to investigate the nature and frequency of the offenses, specific relationship of the offended with the transgressor, severity of the hurt, role of relationship variables, positive dispositional tendencies, and hurt intensity in the forgiveness of the family member. The analyses indicated that some of the most occurring offenses were being ignored, not fulfilling promises, being compared with others, and unequal distribution of household tasks. Participants indicated being compared with others as the most serious offense, followed by contempt, not fulfilling promises, and being ignored. Due to these offenses, about 59% of the participants experienced moderate to above the average severity of hurt. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses suggested that the positive dispositional tendencies of optimism and resilience explained 14% of incremental variance in forgiveness. In the third step of the regression, relationship variables of trust, communication, and alienation together explained an additional 28% of the variance, above and beyond gender and dispositional tendencies. In the final step, hurt severity was a significant predictor, explaining an additional 5% of variance in forgiveness. These significant results suggest that after controlling for both demographic variables and dispositional traits, the close relationship variables along with the severity of the hurt experienced by the victim in the context of family relationships play a significant role in the forgiveness of the family offender.

The accuracy and clinical applicability of a sensor based electromagnetic nonfluoroscopic catheter tracking system

Shinya Yamada,Li-Wei Lo,Yenn-Jiang Lin,Shih-Lin Chang,Fa-Po Chung,Yu-Feng Hu,Ta-Chuan Tuan,Tze-Fan Chao,Jo-Nan Liao,Chin-Yu Lin,Shih-Ann Chen 대한심장학회 2019 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.49 No.1

Background and Objectives: The differences between electromagnetic-based mapping (EM) and impedance-based mapping (IM) in 3D anatomical reconstruction have not been fully clarified. We aimed to investigate the anatomical accuracy between EM (MediGuide™) and IM (EnSite Velocity™) systems. Methods: We investigated 15 consecutive patients (10 males, mean age 58±9 years) who underwent pulmonary veins (PVs) isolation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) image of the left atrium (LA) was acquired before ablation and the 3D geometry of the LA was constructed using EM during ablation procedure. We measured the 4 PV angles between the main trunk of each PV and the posterior LA after field scaling. Additionally, the posterior LA surface area was measured. The variables were compared to those of CT-based geometry. A control group of 40 patients who underwent conventional PVs isolation using IM were also evaluated. Results: The actual and relative changes of EM and CT-based geometry in all PV angles and posterior LA were significantly smaller compared to those of IM and CT-based geometry. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between EM and CT-based geometry were 0.871 (right superior pulmonary vein [RSPV]), 0.887 (right inferior pulmonary vein [RIPV]), 0.853 (left superior pulmonary vein [LSPV]), 0.911 (left inferior pulmonary vein [LIPV]), and 0.833 (posterior LA). On the other hand, ICC between IM and CT-based geometry were 0.548 (RSPV), 0.639 (RIPV), 0.691 (LSPV), 0.706 (LIPV), and 0.568 (posterior LA). Conclusions: Image integration with EM enables high accurate visualization of cardiac anatomy compared to IM in PAF ablation.

Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/Cardiomyopathy

Fa-Po Chung,Chin-Yu Lin,Yenn-Jiang Lin,Shih-Lin Chang,Li-Wei Lo,Yu-Feng Hu,Ta-Chuan Tuan,Tze-Fan Chao,Jo-Nan Liao,Ting-Yung Chang,Shih-Ann Chen 대한심장학회 2018 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.48 No.10

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C) is predominantly an inherited cardiomyopathy with typical histopathological characteristics of fibro-fatty infiltration mainly involving the right ventricular (RV) inflow tract, RV outflow tract, and RV apex in the majority of patients. The above pathologic evolution frequently brings patients with ARVD/C to medical attention owing to the manifestation of syncope, sudden cardiac death (SCD), ventricular arrhythmogenesis, or heart failure. To prevent future or recurrent SCD, an implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD) is highly desirable in patients with ARVD/C who had experienced unexplained syncope, hemodynamically intolerable ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrillation, and/or aborted SCD. Notably, the management of frequent ventricular tachyarrhythmias in ARVD/C is challenging, and the use of antiarrhythmic drugs could be unsatisfactory or limited by the unfavorable side effects. Therefore, radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) has been implemented to treat the drug-refractory VT in ARVD/C for decades. However, the initial understanding of the link between fibro-fatty pathogenesis and ventricular arrhythmogenesis in ARVD/C is scarce, the efficacy and prognosis of endocardial RFCA alone were limited and disappointing. The electrophysiologists had broken through this frontier after better illustration of epicardial substrates and broadly application of epicardial approaches in ARVD/C. In recent works of literature, the application of epicardial ablation also successfully results in higher procedural success and decreases VT recurrences in patients with ARVD/C who are refractory to the endocardial approach during long-term follow-up. In this article, we review the important evolution on the delineation of arrhythmogenic substrates, ablation strategies, and ablation outcome of VT in patients with ARVD/C.