A Corpus-based Study of the Source Words for Loanwords of the 2015 Revised National Curriculum of English

Jiyong Lee 한국언어연구학회 2021 언어학연구 Vol.26 No.1

As a follow-up of Lee’s (2020) investigation of whether the 200 English source words in the 2015 RNCE and their Korean counterparts are true cognates that are used commonly in every day life, the present study aimed to conduct a more in-depth analysis of these 200 source words. Based on the corpora of curriculum-based secondary English textbooks, the frequencies and overall distributions of these source words were examined, along with their usage coefficient values. Findings indicated that the selection criteria for the inclusion of source words in the RNCE should be more rigorous than they were for the 2015 RNCE. Because quite many of the source words in the 2015 RNCE are in fact words that L2 Korean learners of English should learn as a new vocabulary word at an appropriate level of learning, it is crucial that thorough investigations are conducted regarding the criteria by which words are selected as the source words of the RNCE.

U.S. Presidential Candidates’ Campaign Pledges on China Policy and Implications

( Lee¸ Ji-yong ) 국립외교원 외교안보연구소 2016 IFANS FOCUS (영문) Vol.2016 No.68

인공지능에 대한 개념적 은유 분석 - 생명체 은유를 중심으로 -

이지용 ( Lee¸ Jiyong ) 반교어문학회 2021 泮橋語文硏究 Vol.- No.58

본 연구는 뉴스 헤드라인에 나타난 인공지능에 대한 개념적 은유를 분석함으로써 이에 대한 개념화 양상을 분석하는 것을 목표로 하였다. 특히 인공지능을 존재론적 은유인 생명체로 인식하는 방식이 일반화되어 있다는 사실에 근거하여, 생명체 은유로 분석 범위를 한정하여 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 먼저 ‘인공지능’에 대한 관심도가 가장 높았던 시기를 확인하고, 다양한 언론사 뉴스를 검색할 수 있는 플랫폼을 활용하여 관련 기사를 추출하였다. 이러한 방식으로 검색한 기사의 헤드라인을 중심으로 하여 인공지능 관련 생명체 은유를 중심으로 그 핵심 은유와 하위 유형을 분류하였다. 분석 결과 [인공지능은 사람]과 [인공지능은 종족]으로 세분할 수 있었으며, 사람 은유와 관련하여서는 다시 [인공지능은 전문가], [인공지능은 학습자], [인공지능은 적] 등으로 구체화하였다. 종족 은유와 관련하여서는 인류를 위협하고, 인간과 경쟁하거나 비교되고, 인간보다 뛰어나거나 뛰어나지 못한 존재, 그리고 인간과 교류하는 존재로 개념화 내용의 특성을 밝혀내었다. 이러한 분석을 통해 인공지능을 생명체로서 인식하고 개념화하고 있는 양상을 구체화하였다는 점에서 본 연구의 의의를 찾을 수 있다. This study aimed to analyze the conceptualization aspect of AI by analyzing the conceptual metaphor for artificial intelligence that appeared in news headlines. In particular, based on the fact that the method of recognizing artificial intelligence as an ontological metaphor of life is generalized, the scope of analysis was limited to the metaphor of life. To this end, we first identified the period when the interest in 'artificial intelligence' was the highest, and extracted related articles using a platform that can search news from various media companies. Centering on the headlines of articles searched in this way, the core metaphors and subtypes were classified based on the metaphors of artificial intelligence-related life forms. As a result of the analysis, it was possible to subdivide [AI is human] and [AI is race], and in relation to the human metaphor, [AI is an expert], [AI is a learner], [AI is an enemy], etc. did. In relation to the racial metaphor, it revealed the characteristics of the conceptualization content as beings that threaten humanity, compete with or compare with humans, are superior or inferior to humans, and interact with humans. Through this analysis, the significance of this study can be found in that it embodied the aspect of recognizing and conceptualizing artificial intelligence as a living things.

토픽모델링을 적용한 스포츠 승부조작의 판례분석

이지용(Jiyong Lee),박재현(Jaehyeon Park),윤지운(Jiwun Yoon),이승박 (Seungbak Lee),염세경(Sekyoung Youm),이영섭(Yungseop Lee),윤효준(Hyojun Yun) 한국체육측정평가학회 2021 한국체육측정평가학회지 Vol.23 No.2

이 연구는 토픽모델링을 적용한 판례분석을 통해 승부조작의 주요 토픽을 확인하였다. 이를 위해 승부조작 주제로 진행된 판례 사례를 수집하였으며, 대한민국법원(http://www.scourt.go.kr)을 자료원으로 선정하였다. 자료수집 절차는 첫째, “승부조작”을 검색의 키워드로 선정하였다. 둘째, 판결선고 날짜 기준 2010년부터 2019년까지 53건의 판례를 선정하여 원심과 항소로 구분하였다. 셋째, 원심과 항소가 같은 사건을 다루는 경우 하나의 문서로 통합하여 최종적으로 43건의 판례가 분석자료로 선정되었다. 넷째, 판례를 시기와 종목에 따라 분류하였다. 토픽모델링은 LDA 알고리즘을 적용하였으며 모든 자료처리는 python 3을 사용하였다. 토픽모델링 결과와 토픽별 주요 판례 원문을 검토한 결과, ‘승부조작 경로’, ‘E-Sports와 관련된 승부조작’, ‘전통적 승부조작’, ‘승부조작을 식별하는 방법’, ‘양형을 판단하는 근거’가 판례에 나타나는 승부조작의 이슈임을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 향후 승부조작과 관련된 다양한 정책 개발 및 교육의 기초 자료로 활용이 가능할 것이다. The present study identified the major topics for match fixing by analyzing precedents through the use of topic modeling. Toward this purpose, the study collected cases of precedents on the topic of match fixing and chose the Court of Korea(http://www.scourt.go.kr) as a data source. First, the procedures for data collection involved searching the keyword “match fixing”. Second, the study selected precedents from 53 cases from 2010 to 2019 based on the pronouncement of judgment date and divided them into original trials and appeals. Third, if an original trial and appeal dealt with the same case, they were combined into a single document so that ultimately precedents from 43 cases could be selected as analysis data. Fourth, these precedents were categorized according to period and event. Topic modeling applied the LDA algorithm, and all data processing made use of Python 3. The results of topic modeling and reviewing the original texts of major precedents by topic showed that the issues of match fixing appearing in the precedents were ‘match fixing route’, ‘Match fixing in relation to E-sports.’, ‘traditional match fixing’, ‘means of identifying match fixing’, and ‘grounds for determining sentencing’. These results can be used as basic data for the development and education of various policies related to match fixing in the future.

Internal resistor of multi-functional tunnel barrier for selectivity and switching uniformity in resistive random access memory

Lee, Sangheon,Woo, Jiyong,Lee, Daeseok,Cha, Euijun,Hwang, Hyunsang Springer 2014 Nanoscale research letters Vol.9 No.1

<P>In this research, we analyzed the multi-functional role of a tunnel barrier that can be integrated in devices. This tunnel barrier, acting as an internal resistor, changes its resistance with applied bias. Therefore, the current flow in the devices can be controlled by a tunneling mechanism that modifies the tunnel barrier thickness for non-linearity and switching uniformity of devices. When a device is in a low-resistance state, the tunnel barrier controls the current behavior of the device because most of the bias is applied to the tunnel barrier owing to its higher resistance. Furthermore, the tunnel barrier induces uniform filament formation during set operation with the tunnel barrier controlling the current flow.</P>

Silk Microneedle Mesh for Enhanced Cardiovascular Drug Delivery: Ex vivo and In vivo Vascular Tissue Penetration and Efficacy Evaluation

JiYong Lee(이지용),SeungHyun Park(박승현),Eui Hwa Jang(장의화),Jung-Hwan Kim(김정환),Young-Nam Youn(윤영남),WonHyoung Ryu(류원형) 대한기계학회 2021 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2021 No.4

Neointimal hyperplasia (NIH), which is a commonly followed complication after cardiovascular surgery, leads to abnormal proliferation of smooth muscle cells in the tunica media due to endothelial damages and inflammatory response, resulting in restenosis and occlusion. For enhanced delivery of anti-proliferation drug to the tunica media with localized way, perivascular microneedle (MN) devices have been developed including MN cuff and wrappable MN mesh using biodegradable PLGA, showing enhanced NIH reduction with perivascular penetration. However, their tensile property including Young’s modulus and elongation needed to be modified to minimize mechanical constriction to the vascular tissue for vascular integrity. In this study, highly stretchable silk MN mesh was developed and their feasibility was evaluated with ex vivo insertion tests for localized drug delivery to the tunica media. The mechanical interaction between silk MN and rabbit abdominal aorta was analyzed with both infinite and blood pulse modeled insertion tests and tunica adventitia penetrability, an epidermal layer of the aorta, was evaluated with histopathological demonstration. As a result, tunica adventitia penetration was induced with 100 repetitive pulsatile movements with 3.58 mN of initial insertion and 3.56 mN of pulsatile induced force. Finally, in vivo comparative animal study was performed by applying silk MN mesh to the endothelially damaged blood vessel and showed enhanced efficacy for NIH reduction with multiple vascular penetrations.

Low-temperature spin-on-glass method involving high-pressure annealing for filling high-aspect-ratio structures

Lee, Daeseok,Woo, Jiyong,Park, Sangsu,Cha, Euijun,Lee, Sangheon,Hwang, Hyunsang Institute of Pure and Applied Physics 2014 Japanese Journal of Applied Physics Vol. No.

<P>As semiconductor devices are being increasingly scaled down, complex and high-aspect-ratio (AR) structures become necessary. The spin-on-glass (SOG) method has been considered to be effective for filling high-AR (>50) structures, because it enables low-cost fabrication and it has greater amenability to such structures. However, this method requires high temperatures (>600 degrees C) that can lead to degradation (i.e., oxidation) of adjoining active regions, and additional processes to restore these regions are necessary. We propose a low process temperature (similar to 400 degrees C) SOG method involving high-pressure annealing, for the filling of high-AR structures without the creation of voids. (C) 2014 The Japan Society of Applied Physics</P>

Subacute oral toxicity of Dendropanax morbiferus H.Lév leaf extracts in Sprague-Dawley rats

Jiyong Park(Jiyong Park),Chang-Soo Cho(Chang-Soo Cho),Jun-Ho Song(Jun-Ho Song),Kwang Il Park(Kwang Il Park),Yeung Bae Jin(Yeung Bae Jin),Woo Hyun Kim(Woo Hyun Kim),Suk Kim(Suk Kim),Hu-Jang Lee(Hu-Jang 한국예방수의학회 2023 예방수의학회지 Vol.47 No.1

This study examined the subacute oral toxicity of Dendropanax morbiferus H.Lév leaves hot-water extracts (DMWE) using male and female Spargue-Dawley rats. Rats were orally administered the DMWE at dose levels of 0, 250, 500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg/kg body weight (BW) for four weeks. For experimental period, clinical signs and the number of deaths were examined, and feed intake and BW of all experimental animals were measured once a week for four weeks. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected from all rats, and all animals were euthanized and autopsies were performed to collect major organs. No dead animals were found during the experimental period. In addition, no differences were found between control and DMWE-treated groups in feed intakes, BW changes, organ weights, clinical signs, hematological parameters, and serum biochemical parameters. The results of this study provided evidence that oral administration of DMWE at the dose of 2,000 mg/kg BW is safe in rats and may not exert severe toxic effects.

Development of ginseng powder using high hydrostatic pressure treatment combined with UV-TiO₂ photocatalysis

Lee, Hyunah,Shahbaz, Hafiz Muhammad,Ha, Namho,Kim, Jeong Un,Lee, Sang Jun,Park, Jiyong The Korean Society of Ginseng 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.1

Background: Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) powder is in rising demand because powder forms of foods are convenient to handle and are highly preservable. However, ginseng powder (GP) manufactured using the conventional process of air drying and dry milling suffers nutrient destruction and a lack of microbiological safety. The objective of this study was to prepare GP using a novel process comprised of UV-TiO₂ photocatalysis (UVTP) as a prewashing step, wet grinding, high hydrostatic pressure (HHP), and freeze-drying treatments. Methods: The effects of UVTP and HHP treatments on the microbial population, ginsenoside concentration, and physiological characteristics of GP were evaluated. Results: When UVTP for 10 min and HHP at 600 MPa for 5 min were combined, initial 4.95 log CFU/g-fw counts of total aerobes in fresh ginseng were reduced to lower than the detection limit. The levels of 7 major ginsenosides in UVTP-HHP-treated GP were significantly higher than in untreated control samples. Stronger inhibitory effects against inflammatory mediator production and antioxidant activity were observed in UVTP-HHP-treated GP than in untreated samples. There were also no significant differences in CIELAB color values of UVTP-HHP-treated GP compared with untreated control samples. Conclusion: Combined processing of UVTP and HHP increased ginsenoside levels and enhanced the microbiological safety and physiological activity of GP.

Sick Sinus Syndrome Combined with Wallenberg Syndrome: a Case Report

Lee Sang Wan,Lee Hojin,Yoo Jeehyun,Kim Jiyong,임길병 대한뇌신경재활학회 2021 뇌신경재활 Vol.14 No.3

Cardiac arrhythmia is a rare manifestation of the Wallenberg syndrome; lesions are located in the brainstem, especially the lower medulla, which regulates sympathetic and parasympathetic activity. A 55-year-old man was admitted to the university hospital with symptoms including ataxia, left ptosis, decreased sensation of pain and temperature on the right side, left facial numbness, and dizziness. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed an infarction in the left dorsolateral medulla. Therefore, he was diagnosed with Wallenberg syndrome. While he underwent conservative treatment for Wallenberg syndrome, he experienced several events of self-limiting heart pounding, which required an evaluation of cardiac function. The 24-hour Holter monitor showed an increased RR interval with bradycardia and prolonged sinus pause. As a result, the diagnosis of sick sinus syndrome combined with Wallenberg syndrome was made. Sick sinus syndrome is a rare cardiac complication of the Wallenberg syndrome, and clinicians could overlook it when the initial electrocardiography shows a normal sinus rhythm. Sick sinus syndrome can cause sudden death without appropriate medical intervention. Therefore, clinicians should consider further evaluation, including a 24-hour Holter monitor, to check for the potential presence of sick sinus syndrome in the acute phase of Wallenberg syndrome.