[PD-0011] Functional study of CTP synthases during early seed development in rice

Jiyoung Kim(Jiyoung Kim),Sunghuyun Kwon(Sunghuyun Kwon),Gynheung An(Gynheung An),Jinmi Yoon(Jinmi Yoon),Lae-Hyeon Cho(Lae-Hyeon Cho) 한국육종학회 2022 한국육종학회 공동학술발표집 Vol.2022 No.-

Areca nut exposure increases secretion of tumor‐promoting cytokines in gingival fibroblasts that trigger DNA damage in oral keratinocytes

Illeperuma, Rasika P.,Kim, Do Kyeong,Park, Young Jin,Son, Hwa Kyung,Kim, Jue Young,Kim, Jinmi,Lee, Doo Young,Kim, Ki‐,Yeol,Jung, Da‐,Woon,Tilakaratne, Wanninayake M.,Kim, Jin Alan R. Liss, Inc 2015 International journal of cancer Vol.137 No.11

<▼1><P>Molecular crosstalk between cancer cells and fibroblasts has been an emerging hot issue in understanding carcinogenesis. As oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is an inflammatory fibrotic disease that can potentially transform into squamous cell carcinoma, OSF has been considered to be an appropriate model for studying the role of fibroblasts during early stage carcinogenesis. In this sense, this study aims at investigating whether areca nut (AN)‐exposed fibroblasts cause DNA damage of epithelial cells. For this study, immortalized hNOF (hTERT‐hNOF) was used. We found that the levels of GRO‐α, IL‐6 and IL‐8 increased in AN‐exposed fibroblasts. Cytokine secretion was reduced by antioxidants in AN‐exposed fibroblasts. Increase in DNA double strand breaks (DSB) and 8‐oxoG FITC‐conjugate was observed in immortalized human oral keratinocytes (IHOK) after the treatment of cytokines or a conditioned medium derived from AN‐exposed fibroblasts. Cytokine expression and DNA damage were also detected in OSF tissues. The DNA damage was reduced by neutralizing cytokines or antioxidant treatment. Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA damage response, triggered by cytokines, were abolished when NADPH oxidase (NOX) 1 and 4 were silenced in IHOK, indicating that cytokine‐triggered DNA damage was caused by ROS generation through NOX1 and NOX4. Taken together, this study provided strong evidence that blocking ROS generation might be a rewarding approach for cancer prevention and intervention in OSF.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>What's new?</B></P><P>Fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment influence tumor initiation and growth and are of particular interest in oral submucous fibrosis (OSF), a progressive fibrotic disease of malignant potential. This study shows that the release of tumor‐promoting cytokines by fibroblasts exposed to areca nut, the primary cause of OSF, induce DNA damage in oral keratinocytes. The findings suggest that fibroblasts indirectly promote epithelial transformation in OSF by secreting cytokines, whereby DNA damage of epithelial cells is inflicted by reactive oxygen species generated <I>via</I> NADPH oxidases. These insights could inform the development of new therapeutic approaches for OSF.</P></▼2>

알코올리즘 가족력이 있는 한국인 사회적 음주자에서 심리적 스트레스가 타액 코티졸 농도에 미치는 영향

서유나(Yuna Seo),김성곤(Sung-Gon Kim),민은정(Eun-Jeong Min),김진미(Jinmi Kim),박문일(Moon-Il Park),김수연(Soo-Yeon Kim),김대욱(Dae-Wook Kim),변원탄(Won-Tan Byun),김지훈(Ji-Hoon Kim) 대한생물치료정신의학회 2012 생물치료정신의학 Vol.18 No.2

Objectives:A number of studies have shown dysregulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis in alcoholics. The aim of the present study was to determine whether there are differences in salivary cortisol responses to a psychological stressor between nonalcoholic offspring from families with a history of alcoholism and those without a family history of alcoholism in Korea. Methods:We studied 45 healthy social drinkers, who were medical students aged≥18 years. The participants completed a baseline assessment and, salivary cortisol levels were obtained. All subjects were exposed to almost 15 minutes of stress. Immediately following completion of the stress exposure, four additional salivary specimens were obtained for cortisol levels at 15 minute intervals. The subjects were divided into two groups those who reported a history of alcoholism in either parent(FHP, n=9) and those who reported no alcoholism in their family for three generations(FHN, n=30). Results:A significant difference in salivary cortisol by family history group(p<.001), and by time was discovered (p=.005) with a repeated-measures ANOVA. Basal salivary cortisol levels in FHP subjects were significantly higher than those in FHN subjects(p=.003). After stress exposure, salivary cortisol levels decreased significantly over time in the FHN group, whereas they did not in the FHP group. Conclusion:FHP subjects had higher baseline salivary cortisol concentrations than those of FHN subjects and maintained the levels after stress. This finding suggests that social drinkers with a history of alcoholism in a parent have increased vulnerability to stress and difficulty coping with stress effectively.

kem Mutations Affect Nuclear Fusion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Kim, Jinmi,Per O. Ljungdahl,Gerald R. Fink 충남대학교부설 생명공학연구소 1992 생물공학연구지 Vol.2 No.-

We have identified mutaions in three genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, KEMI, KEM2 and KEM3, that enhance the nuclear fusion defect of kar1-1 yeast during conjugation. The KEMI and KEM3 genes are located on the left arm of chromosome Ⅶ. Kem mutations reduce nuclear fusion whether the kem and the kar1-1 mutations are in the same or in different parents(i.e., in both kem kar1-1×wild-type and kem×kar1-1 crosses). kem1×kem1 crosses show a defect in nuclear fusion, but kem1×wild-type crosses do not. Mutant kem1 strains are hypersensitive to benomyl, lose chromosomes at a rate 10_-20-fold higher than KEM^+ strains, and lose viability upon nitrogen starvation. In addition, kem1/ken1 diploids are unable to sporulate. Cells containing a ken1 null allele grow very poorly, have an elongated rod-shape and are defective in spindle pole body duplication and/or separation. The KEM1 gene, which is expressed as a 5.5-kb mRNA transcript, contains a 4.6-kb open reading frame encoding a 175-kD protein.

Apoptotic Factors, CaNma111 and CaYbh3, Function in Candida albicans Filamentation by Regulating the Hyphal Suppressors, Nrg1 and Tup1

Kim Suyoung,Kim Se Hyeon,Kweon Eunjoong,Kim Jinmi 한국미생물학회 2023 The journal of microbiology Vol.61 No.4

The morphological switch from the yeast to hyphal form is a key virulence attribute of the opportunistic fungal pathogen, Candida albicans. Our recent report showed that deletion of the newly identified apoptotic factor, CaNma111 or CaYbh3, leads to hyperfilamentation and increased virulence in a mouse infection model. CaNma111 and CaYbh3 are homologs of the pro-apoptotic protease, HtrA2/Omi, and BH3-only protein, respectively. In this study, we examined the effects of CaNMA111 and CaYBH3 deletion mutations on the expression levels of the hypha-specific transcription factors, Cph1 (a hyphal activator), Nrg1 (a hyphal repressor), and Tup1 (a hyphal repressor). The protein levels of Nrg1 were decreased in Caybh3/Caybh3 cells while those of Tup1 were decreased in both Canma111/Canma111 and Caybh3/Caybh3 cells. These effects on Nrg1 and Tup1 proteins were retained during serum-induced filamentation and appear to explain the hyperfilamentation phenotypes of the CaNMA111 and CaYBH3 deletion mutants. Treatment with the apoptosis-inducing dose of farnesol decreased the Nrg1 protein levels in the wild-type strain and more evidently in Canma111/Canma111 and Caybh3/Caybh3 mutant strains. Together, our results suggest that CaNma111 and CaYbh3 are key regulators of Nrg1 and Tup1 protein levels in C. albicans.

Study on nucleic acid metabolic pathways during early seed development to improve rice grain quality

Jinmi Yoon,Cheol Woo Min,Jiyoung Kim,Sun-Tae Kim,Lae-Hyeon Cho 한국육종학회 2023 한국육종학회 공동학술발표집 Vol.2023 No.-

Cloning and Expression of Human α1-antitrypsin cDNA in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Kim, Jinmi,Lee, Kee Nyung,Yu, Myeong-Hee 충남대학교부설 생명공학연구소 1991 생물공학연구지 Vol.1 No.-

인체 알파원앤티트립신 cDNA 서열을 효모 Saccharomycs cerevisiae에서 GAL10-CYC1 하이브리드 프로모터의 조절하에 발현시켰다. Gal^+ 숙주 균주는 각각 다른 유전자에 변이가 생긴 두 개의 Gal^- 균주를 교배하여 얻은 이배체를 사포자분석하여 얻었다. 상기의 균주 KY8을 발현벡터 pGAT7로 형질전환시키고 갈락토스배지에서 알파원앤티트립신의 발현을 유도한 결과 일레스타제의 저해활성 및 면역블랏법으로 그 생산을 확인할 수 있었다. 효모에서 생산된 재조합 알파원앤티트립신의 분자량은 약 44 kDa로서 이는 알파원앤티트립신 구조유전자의 cDNA 서열로부터 예측한 바와 같다. Human α1-antitrypsin cDNA was expressed in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae under the regulation of GAL10-CYC1 hybrid promoter. A suitable Gal^+ host strain was constructed by tetrad analysis of a diploid from a cross of two Gal^- strains, each affected in a different galactose utilizing gene. The resulting strain KY8 was transformed with the expression plasmid pGAT7 and the synthesis of α1-antitrypsin was induced in galactose medium. Production of α1-antitrypsin in recombinant yeast cells was confirmed by an elastase inhibitory assay and an immunoblotting method. The molecular weight of recombinant α1-antitrypsin synthesized in yeast was 44 kDa which was expected from the full length cDNA sequence of the α1-antitrypsin structural gene.

Expression and Secretion of Heterologous Protein in Yeast

Kim, Moo-Kyum,Song, Moo-Young,Yu, Myeong-Hee,Yu, Myeong-Hee,Park, Hee-Moon,Kim, Jinmi The Microbiological Society of Korea 1992 미생물학회지 Vol.30 No.2

To investigate the expression and the secretion of heterologous proteins in yeast, we constructed an yeast secretion vector and produced a human secretory protein, .alpha.-1-antitrypsin (.alpha.-1-AT), from yeast cells. The secretion vector pGAT8 was constructed by inserting the signal sequence of yeast acid phosphatase gene (PH05) into the .alpha.1-AT expression vector pGAT6 which contained .alpha.-1-AT cDNA fused to GAL10-CYC1 promotor. The .alpha.-1-AT was produced efficiently in the yeast cells transformed with plasmid pGAT8, which was onfirmed both by the .alpha.-1-AT activity assay and by the immunoblot method using .alpha.-1-AT antibody. We also showed the secretion of .alpha.-1-AT into the culture media and into the periplasmic space by immunoblot.

Deletion analysis of LSm, FDF, and YjeF domains of Candida albicans Edc3 in hyphal growth and oxidative-stress response.

Kim, Eung-Chul,Kim, Jinmi Microbiological Society of Korea 2015 The journal of microbiology Vol.53 No.2

<P>Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen whose responses to environmental changes are associated with the virulence attributes. Edc3 is known to be an enhancer of the mRNA decapping reactions and a scaffold protein of cytoplasmic processing bodies (P-bodies). Recent studies of C. albicans Edc3 suggested its critical roles in filamentous growth and stress-induced apoptotic cell death. The edc3/edc3 deletion mutant strain showed increased cell survival and less ROS accumulation upon treatment with hydrogen peroxide. To investigate the diverse involvement of Edc3 in the cellular processes, deletion mutations of LSm, FDF, or YjeF domain of Edc3 were constructed. The edc3-LSm?? or edc3-YjeF?? mutation showed the filamentation defect, resistance to oxidative stress, and decreased ROS accumulation. In contrast, the edc3-FDF?? mutation exhibited a wild-type level of filamentous growth and a mild defect in ROS accumulation. These results suggest that Lsm and YjeF domains of Edc3 are critical in hyphal growth and oxidative stress response.</P>

Core Pluripotency Factors Directly Regulate Metabolism in Embryonic Stem Cell to Maintain Pluripotency.

Kim, Hyunsoo,Jang, Hyonchol,Kim, Tae Wan,Kang, Byung-Hee,Lee, Sang Eun,Jeon, Yoon Kyung,Chung, Doo Hyun,Choi, Jinmi,Shin, Jihoon,Cho, Eun-Jung,Youn, Hong-Duk AlphaMed Press 2015 Stem Cells Vol.33 No.9

<P>Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have distinct metabolic properties that support their metabolic and energetic needs and affect their stemness. In particular, high glycolysis is critical for the generation and maintenance of PSCs. However, it is unknown how PSCs maintain and acquire this metabolic signature. In this study, we found that core pluripotency factors regulate glycolysis directly by controlling the expression of glycolytic enzymes. Specifically, Oct4 directly governs Hk2 and Pkm2, which are important glycolytic enzymes that determine the rate of glycolytic flux. The overexpression of Hk2 and Pkm2 sustains high levels of glycolysis during embryonic stem cell (ESC) differentiation. Moreover, the maintenance of high glycolysis levels by Hk2 and Pkm2 overexpression hampers differentiation and preserves the pluripotency of ESCs in the absence of leukemia inhibitory factor. Overall, our study identifies a direct molecular connection between core pluripotency factors and ESC metabolic signatures and demonstrates the significance of metabolism in cell fate determination. Stem Cells 2015;33:2699-2711.</P>