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Antennal UDP-glycosyltransferase genes in the coffee white stemborer, Xylotrechus quadripes
Ning-Na Yin,Yu-Jie Zhao,Jia-Ying Zhu,Nai-Yong Liu 한국응용곤충학회 2019 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.22 No.4
The antenna of Xylotrechus quadripes is the principle olfactory organ that is subjected to a large number of endogenous and exogenous compounds. The gene families associated with the detoxification of these compounds are essential for the adaptive evolution of insect defensive strategies. However, knowledge on uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) of X. quadripes is unavailable. Here, we characterized 30 UGT genes identified from an antennal transcriptome of X. quadripes. Among them, 16 UGT genes encoding 508–527 amino acids shared the full-length sequences and signal peptides in N-terminus. Multiple sequence alignment revealed that X. quadripes UGTs had a variable N-terminus and a conserved C-terminus. Phylogenetic analysis showed that X. quadripes UGTs were classified into ten sub-families with the largest UGT one of UGT352 (nine genes) and a strict single copy of UGT50 within coleopteran species. Gene structural analysis indicated that coleopteran UGT50s underwent intron gains or losses. Expression profile revealed that all studied X. quadripes UGTs were transcribed in the antennae of both sexes, some of which exhibited sex-biased expression including UGT2, UGT6, UGT20 and UGT27 in females as well as UGT3, UGT11 and UGT12 in males. In addition, most of UGTs were widely expressed in other tissues, indicating their functional diversities in this beetle. Together, these findings provide valuable information for further functional studies of UGTs in X. quadripes, especially their roles in olfaction.
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Ning Li,Yong-Jie Chen,Dong-Dong Kong 한국정밀공학회 2018 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.19 No.9
Super-strength steel 42CrMo after quenched and tempered has been widely applied to crucial parts due to the properties such as good impact toughness and high fatigue limit. However, it falls into the category of most difficult-to-cut material because of its high cutting resistance and low thermal conductivity, which can easily lead to tool breakage. To increase efficiency, ensure quality and reduce costs, wear modes and its corresponding mechanism of PCBN inserts were experimentally investigated during turning of the hardened 42CrMo (62-65 HRC) in this paper. The results suggest brittle fracture is the main failure mode. The wear mechanism was mainly abrasive wear and adhesion/diffusion wear, accompanying oxidation wear and chipping. Within the cutting range studied in this work, the operation for turning instead of grinding can be realized and the optimal cutting speed range is 140-170 m/min. The static forces fluctuate with tool wear, while other performance indexes such as maximum cutting forces, impact forces, cutting power, specific cutting energy, and coefficient of friction at the tool-chip interface all show a rising trend with tool wear, which can be extracted as features. The research results obtained in this paper will provide guidelines for the industrial production and tool wear real-time monitoring.
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Zi‑liang Liu,Yong Li,Xiao Guo,Jun‑jie Tao,Ji‑ning Huang,Ling‑lin Fang 한국탄소학회 2023 Carbon Letters Vol.33 No.6
The flaw of low dispersibility in the metal matrix brought on by graphene's full crystal structure can be improved by the application of ion beam radiation to the surface of the material. Copper atoms are uniformly dispersed on the modified graphene oxide ( GOM) surface after being irradiated to a copper ion beam, and during the sputtering modification, the valence state of copper is changed, resulting in the formation of a new CuO phase on the graphene oxide (GO) surface. Therefore, after copper ion beam irradiation of graphene, the interfacial adhesion between GOM and copper matrix is enhanced, and the wear resistance is significantly improved. When the GOM content is low, it can withstand most of the load during the friction and wear test, which reduces the wear of the copper matrix and the occurrence of fatigue cracks at the interface of the composite material.
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Darren Jun Hao Tan,Sabrina Xin Zi Quek,Jie Ning Yong,Adithya Suresh,Kaiser Xuan Ming Koh,Wen Hui Lim,Jingxuan Quek,Ansel Tang,Caitlyn Tan,Benjamin Nah,Eunice Tan,Taisei Keitoku,Mark D. Muthiah,Nichola 대한간학회 2022 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.28 No.4
Background/Aims: Depression and anxiety are associated with poorer outcomes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the prevalence of depression and anxiety in HCC are unclear. We aimed to establish the prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with HCC. Methods: MEDLINE and Embase were searched and original articles reporting prevalence of anxiety or depression in patients with HCC were included. A generalized linear mixed model with Clopper-Pearson intervals was used to obtain the pooled prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with HCC. Risk factors were analyzed via a fractional-logistic regression model. Results: Seventeen articles involving 64,247 patients with HCC were included. The pooled prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with HCC was 24.04% (95% confidence interval [CI], 13.99–38.11%) and 22.20% (95% CI, 10.07–42.09%) respectively. Subgroup analysis determined that the prevalence of depression was lowest in studies where depression was diagnosed via clinician-administered scales (16.07%;95% CI, 4.42–44.20%) and highest in self-reported scales (30.03%; 95% CI, 17.19–47.01%). Depression in patients with HCC was lowest in the Americas (16.44%; 95% CI, 6.37–36.27%) and highest in South-East Asia (66.67%; 95% CI, 56.68–75.35%). Alcohol consumption, cirrhosis, and college education significantly increased risk of depression in patients with HCC. Conclusions: One in four patients with HCC have depression, while one in five have anxiety. Further studies are required to validate these findings, as seen from the wide CIs in certain subgroup analyses. Screening strategies for depression and anxiety should also be developed for patients with HCC.
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