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Evidence for the Ras-Independent Signaling Pathway Regulating Insulin-Induced DNA Synthesis
Jhun, Byung H . 생화학분자생물학회 2000 BMB Reports Vol.32 No.2
The existence of the Ras-independent signal transduction pathway of insulin leading to DNA synthesis was investigated in Rat-1 fibroblasts overexpressing human insulin receptor (HIRc-B) using the single-cell microinjection technique. Microinjection of a dominant-negative mutant Ras^(N17) protein into quiescent HIRc-B cells inhibited the DNA synthesis stimulated by insulin. Microinjection of oncogenic HRas^(V12) protein (H-Ras^(V12)) (0.1 ㎎/㎖) induced DNA synthesis by 35%, whereas that of control-injected IgG was induced by 20%. When the marginal amount of oncogenic H-Ras^(V12) protein was coinjected with a dominant-negative mutant of the H-Ras^(V12) protein (H-Ras^(N17)), DNA synthesis was 35% and 74% in the absence and presence of insulin, respectively. This full recovery of DNA synthesis by insulin suggests the existence of the Ras-independent pathway. The same recovery was observed in the cells coinjected with either H-Ras^(V12) plus H-Ras^(V12) plus SH2 domain of the p85 subunit of PI3-kinase (p85^(SH2-N)) or H-Ras^(V12) plus H-Ras^(N17) plus interfering anti-Shc antibody. When coinjected with a dominant-negative Rac1^(N17), the DNA synthesis induced by the Ras-independent pathway was blocked. These results indicate that the Rasindependent pathway of insulin leading to DNA synthesis exists, bypassing the p85 of PI3-kinase and Shc protein, and requires Rac1 protein.
Jhun, Hyung-Joon,Seo, Hong-Gwan,Lee, Do-Hoon,Sung, Moon-Woo,Kang, Yoon-Dan,Syn, Hee Chul,Jun, Jong Kwan The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2010 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.25 No.5
<P>This study examined urinary cotinine levels and self-reported smoking among pregnant women in Korea and the factors associated with smoking during pregnancy. The subjects were selected from pregnant women who visited 30 randomly sampled obstetric clinics and prenatal care hospitals in Korea in 2006. Smoking status was determined by self-reporting and urinary cotinine measurement. A total of 1,090 self-administered questionnaires and 1,057 urine samples were analyzed. The percentage of smoking revealed by self-reporting was 0.55% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.11-0.99) and that revealed by urinary cotinine measurement (>100 ng/mL) was 3.03% (95% CI, 1.99-4.06). The kappa coefficient of agreement between self-reported smoking status and urinary cotinine measurement was 0.20 (95% CI, 0.03-0.37). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that early gestational period, low educational level, and being married to a smoker were significant risk factors for smoking during pregnancy. Smoking among pregnant women in Korea is not negligible, and those who are concerned to maternal and child health should be aware of this possibility among pregnant women in countries with similar cultural background.</P>
$L^1$ Bandwidth Selection in Kernel Regression Function Estimation
Jhun, Myong-Shic The Korean Statistical Society 1988 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.17 No.1
Kernel estimates of an unknown regression function are studied. Bandwidth selection rule minimizing integrated absolute error loss function is considered. Under some reasonable assumptions, it is shown that the optimal bandwidth is unique and can be computed by using bisection algorithm. Adaptive bandwidth selection rule is proposed.
Novel Technique for Splay to Bend Transition in a ${\pi}$ Cell
Jhun, Chul-Gyu,Lee, Jong-Lac,Kang, Sang-Ho,Lee, Seong-Ryong,Kim, Jae-Chang,Yoon, Tae-Hoon The Korean Infomation Display Society 2004 Journal of information display Vol.5 No.2
A ${\pi}$ cell is initially in splay state. Before driving a ${\pi}$ cell, transition from splay to bend state is always necessary which originates from nucleation. We propose a novel technique to make bend transition fast and effectively by forming transition cores around the pixels with the technique of multi-domain alignment, where domain boundaries play a crucial role in splay to bend transition. This noble technique enables the splay to bend transition to occur within less than 2 seconds with a low applied voltage.
Capability of Gray Scale in Bistable Chiral Splay Nematic Liquid Crystal Display
Jhun, Chul Gyu,Kim, Sun-Kyung,Park, Sang-Hyun,Min, Kwan-Sik,Kwon, Soon-Bum,Yoon, Tae-Hoon,Kim, Jae Chang TaylorFrancis 2009 Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Vol.507 No.1
<P> In the bistable chiral splay nematic (BCSN) mode, the splay and π twist states are used for the two stable states. The transition between the memory states accompanies the motion of the disclination line, due to the topologically inequivalent from each other. The switching time is consistently coupled with the propagation velocity of the disclination line, which strongly depends on the amplitude of the applied voltage. In this paper, we demonstrate the gray scale of BCSN liquid crystal display (LCD) by the control of the domain density of the splay and twist states during the transition process.</P>
Jhun, Hyung-Joon,Park, Jung-Yul The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2009 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.46 No.5
Objective : We estimated the number of Korean adults with back pain and evaluated population-based associated factors of back pain from a representative sample data from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Methods : The number of Korean adults who experienced back pain (experienced patients), those who experienced back pain lasting for three or more months during the past year (chronic patients), and those who were currently suffering from back pain (current patients) were estimated by analyzing the data from the fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2007 using surveyfreq procedure of the SAS statistical package. Population-based odds ratios for being experienced, chronic, and current patient according to demographic (age and gender), socioeconomic (education and occupation), and lifestyle factors (smoking, drinking, and exercise) were estimated using surveylogistic procedure. Results : It was estimated that there were 5,554,256 (proportion, 15.4%; 95% CI, 4,809,466 - 6,299,046) experienced patients, 2,060,829 (5.7%; 1,557,413-2,564,246) chronic patients, and 3,084,188 (8.5%; 2,600,197 - 3,568,179) current patients among 36,107,225 Korean adults aged 20-89 years in 2007. Each of explanatory variables was significantly associated with at least one of the response variables for back pain. Conclusion : Based on our study results, further efforts to investigate epidemiology of back pain, to evaluate associated factors, and to improve treatment outcomes are needed.
An Analysis of the Geometrical and Optical Characteristics of Prisms Used in Elementary Schools
Jhun Youngseok 한국물리학회 2023 새물리 Vol.73 No.1
In this report, I describe investigations of the dispersive prisms used in elementary-school science classes to determine the extent to which they are uniform and accurate. As samples, I selected eight prisms that are widely used in schools, and I measured their refractive indices as functions of the wavelength of the light as well as their physical properties, such as shape and density. I measured the refractive index at each wavelength using a red He–Ne laser and yellow, green, and blue laser pointers. To ensure the precision of the measurements, I employed a threaded needle fixed to a stand as an indicator to determine the exact path of the light. In addition, rather than measuring the vertex, incident, and deviation angles directly, I obtained them by measuring the side lengths of a triangle drawn along the light path and then calculating the angles using the cosine law. As a result of this investigation, I found that prisms typically used in schools are neither right nor regular and that a variety of widely used materials—especially plastics—have varying densities and refractive index distributions. I also confirmed that some prisms had narrow dispersion, making it difficult to produce a clear spectrum.