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Garitte, B.,Nguyen, T. S.,Barnichon, J. D.,Graupner, B. J.,Lee, C.,Maekawa, K.,Manepally, C.,Ofoegbu, G.,Dasgupta, B.,Fedors, R.,Pan, P. Z.,Feng, X. T.,Rutqvist, J.,Chen, F.,Birkholzer, Jens,Wang, Q. Springer 2017 Environmental Earth Sciences Vol.76 No.9
<P>Coupled thermal-hydrological-mechanical (THM) processes in the near field of deep geological repositories can influence several safety features of the engineered and geological barriers. Among those features are: the possibility of damage in the host rock, the time for re-saturation of the bentonite, and the perturbations in the hydraulic regime in both the rock and engineered seals. Within the international cooperative code-validation project DECOVALEX-2015, eight research teams developed models to simulate an in situ heater experiment, called HE-D, in Opalinus Clay at the Mont Terri Underground Research Laboratory in Switzerland. The models were developed from the theory of poroelasticity order to simulate the coupled THM processes that prevailed during the experiment and thereby to characterize the in situ THM properties of Opalinus Clay. The modelling results for the evolution of temperature, pore water pressure, and deformation at different points are consistent among the research teams and compare favourably with the experimental data in terms of trends and absolute values. The models were able to reproduce the main physical processes of the experiment. In particular, most teams simulated temperature and thermally induced pore water pressure well, including spatial variations caused by inherent anisotropy due to bedding.</P>
Response of plasma rotation to resonant magnetic perturbations in J-TEXT tokamak
Yan, W,Chen, Z Y,Huang, D W,Hu, Q M,Shi, Y J,Ding, Y H,Cheng, Z F,Yang, Z J,Pan, X M,Lee, S G,Tong, R H,Wei, Y N,Dong, Y B IOP 2018 Plasma physics and controlled fusion Vol.60 No.3
<P>The response of plasma toroidal rotation to the external resonant magnetic perturbations (RMP) has been investigated in Joint Texas Experimental Tokamak (J-TEXT) ohmic heating plasmas. For the J-TEXT’s plasmas without the application of RMP, the core toroidal rotation is in the counter-current direction while the edge rotation is near zero or slightly in the co-current direction. Both static RMP experiments and rotating RMP experiments have been applied to investigate the plasma toroidal rotation. The core toroidal rotation decreases to lower level with static RMP. At the same time, the edge rotation can spin to more than 20 km s<SUP>−1</SUP> in co-current direction. On the other hand, the core plasma rotation can be slowed down or be accelerated with the rotating RMP. When the rotating RMP frequency is higher than mode frequency, the plasma rotation can be accelerated to the rotating RMP frequency. The plasma confinement is improved with high frequency rotating RMP. The plasma rotation is decelerated to the rotating RMP frequency when the rotating RMP frequency is lower than the mode frequency. The plasma confinement also degrades with low frequency rotating RMP.</P>
100KW DC Arc Plasma of CVD System for Low Cost Large Area Diamond Film Deposition
Lu, F.X.,Zhong, G.F.,Fu, Y.L.,Wang, J.J.,Tang, W.Z.,Li, G.H.,Lo, T.L.,Zhang, Y.G.,Zang, J.M.,Pan, C.H.,Tang, C.X.,Lu, Y.P. The Korean Ceramic Society 1996 The Korean journal of ceramics Vol.2 No.4
In the present paper, a new type of DC arc plasma torch is disclosed. The principles of the new magnetic and fluid dynamic controlled large orifice long discharge tunnel plasma torch is discussed. Two series of DC Plasma Jet diamond film deposition equipment have been developed. The 20kW Jet equipped with a $\Phi$70 mm orifice torch is capable of deposition diamond films at a growth rate as high as 40$\mu\textrm{m}$/h over a substrate area of $\Phi$65 mm. The 100kW high power Jet which is newly developed based on the experience of the low power model is equipped with a $\Phi$120 mm orifice torch, and is capable of depositing diamond films over a substrate area of $\Phi$110 mm at growth rate as high as 40 $\mu\textrm{m}$/h, and can be operated at gas recycling mode, which allows 95% of the gases be recycled. It is demonstrated that the new type DC plasma torch can be easily scaled up to even higher power Jet. It is estimated that even by the 100kW Jet, the cost for tool grade diamond films can be as low as less than $4/carat.
Passive Q-switching of microchip lasers based on Ho:YAG ceramics
Lan, R.,Loiko, P.,Mateos, X.,Wang, Y.,Li, J.,Pan, Y.,Choi, S. Y.,Kim, M. H.,Rotermund, F.,Yasukevich, A.,Yumashev, K.,Griebner, U.,Petrov, V. Optical Society of America 2016 Applied Optics Vol.55 No.18
<P>A Ho:YAG ceramic microchip laser pumped by a Tm fiber laser at 1910 nm is passively Q-switched by single-and multi-layer graphene, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), and Cr2+:ZnSe saturable absorbers (SAs). Employing SWCNTs, this laser generated an average power of 810 mW at 2090 nm with a slope efficiency of 68% and continuous wave to Q-switching conversion efficiency of 70%. The shortest pulse duration was 85 ns at a repetition rate of 165 kHz, and the pulse energy reached 4.9 mu J. The laser performance and pulse stability were superior compared to graphene SAs even for a different number of graphene layers (n = 1 to 4). A model for the description of the Ho:YAG laser Q-switched by carbon nanostructures is presented. This modeling allowed us to estimate the saturation intensity for multi-layered graphene and SWCNT SAs to be 1.2 +/- 0.2 and 7 +/- 1 MW/cm(2), respectively. When using Cr2+:ZnSe, the Ho:YAG microchip laser generated 11 ns/25 mu J pulses at a repetition rate of 14.8 kHz. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America</P>
Pan, W. F.,Yang, Y. S.,Lu, J. K. Techno-Press 1998 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.6 No.3
In this paper, the first-order ordinary differential constitutive equations of endochronic theory are incorporated into finite element formalism. A theoretical investigation is performed on the ratchetting effect of a stepped beam subjected to steady tension and cyclic bending. Experimental data of lead alloy found in literature are used for comparison. Those data reveal that the endochronic prediction yields more adequate results than those predictions using the plasticity models with isotropic hardening or kinematic hardening, as employed by Hardy, et al. (1985).
SYNTHESIS OF METASTABLE ALLOYS BY ION MIXING IN THE BINARY METAL SYSTEMS AND THEORETICAL MODELLING
Liu, B.X.,Zhang, Z.J.,Jin, O.,Pan, F. The Korean Vacuum Society 1995 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.4 No.s2
(1) The metastable crystalline(MX) phases formed by ion mixing are classified into 5 types, i.e. the super-saturated solid solutions and the enlarged HCP-I phases reported earlier, and the newly observed FCC-I phases in hcp-based alloys, The FCC-ll and HCP-ll phases in bcc-based alloys. The growth kinetics of the MX phases is discussed. (2) The interfacial free energy in the multilayered films was found to play an important role in ion beam mixing(IM) induced amorphization. By adding sufficient interfaces, amorphous alloys were obtained even in the systems with rather positive heat of formation. (3) Gibbs free energy diagrams of some representative systems were constructed, by calculating the free energy curves of all the competing phases. Steady-state thermal annealing was conducted and the results confirmed the relevance of the constructed diagrams, which were inturn employed to interpret the MX phase formation as well as the glass forming ability upon IM in the binary metal systems.
J. F. Pan,Weiyu Wang,Eric Cheung,Norbert Cheung,Xiao-yu Wu,Bo Zhang 한국정밀공학회 2018 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.19 No.3
This paper proposes a long-stroke linear switched reluctance machine (LSRM) with a primary and a secondary translator for industrial conveyance applications. The secondary one can translate according to the primary one so that linear compound motions can be achieved. Considering the fact that either one translator imposes a time-variant, nonlinear disturbance onto the other, the selftuning position controllers are implemented for the proposed linear compound machine and experimental results demonstrate that the absolute steady-state error values can fall into 0.03 mm and 0.05 mm for the secondary and primary translator, respectively. A composite absolute precision of less than 0.6 mm can be achieved under the proposed control strategy.
Pan C.B.,Zhao G.C.,Li S.M.,Shu M.F.,Wu J.,Wang J.M.Z.,Yin L.H.,Song W.H.,Zhu X.B,Yang J.,Sun Y.P. 한국물리학회 2022 Current Applied Physics Vol.34 No.-
Among Aurivillius layer-structured materials, CaBi2Nb2O9 is a best potential candidate for ultrahigh-temperature applications because of its highest Curie temperature of about 940 ◦C. In this paper, (1-x)CaBi2Nb2O9- xBaZr0.2Ti0.8O3 composite ceramics were prepared by conventional solid-state sintering method. The dielectric results show that the introduction of BaZr0.2Ti0.8O3 not only increases the permittivity of the material, but also reduces its dielectric loss. The optimum electrical properties were obtained in the x = 0.01 sample with piezoelectric coefficient (d33) of 15.1 pC/N and high ferroelectric remnant polarization (Pr) of 9.9 μC/cm2. Furthermore, the composite samples show good thermal depoling performance, the d33 of the x = 0.01 sample is 13.8 pC/N, which is about 91% of the initial value after depoling at 800 ◦C. Therefore, (1-x)CaBi2Nb2O9- xBaZr0.2Ti0.8O3 is one of the candidates for high temperature piezoelectric materials.