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Hydraulic Force and Impeller Evaluation of a Centrifugal Heart Pump
Timms, D.L,Tan, A.C.C,Pearcy, M-J,Mcneil, K,Galbraith, A The Korean Society of Marine Engineering 2004 한국마린엔지니어링학회지 Vol.28 No.2
A rig was constructed to test the performance characteristics and compare the hydraulic forces exerted on a centrifugal type artificial heart impeller. A conventional shaft. seal and bearing system. while driven by a small electric motor. supported the impeller which was separated from the pump casing by a six degree of freedom force transducer (JR3 Ine). Radial (x. y) and axial (z) hydraulic forces were recorded and compared. At physiological operating conditions. the results indicate that the double entry/exit centrifugal pump encounters a smaller radial force and significantly reduced axial thrust. These experimental results are valuable in the design of a magnetic bearing system to suspend the impeller of a centrifugal artificial heart pump. This experimental technique may also be applied to evaluate the required capacity and predict the lifetime of contact bearings in marine pumps.
Topology of spin meron pairs in coupled Ni/Fe/Co/Cu(001) disks
Tan, A.,Li, J.,Scholl, A.,Arenholz, E.,Young, A. T.,Li, Q.,Hwang, C.,Qiu, Z. Q. American Physical Society 2016 Physical review. B Vol.94 No.1
<P>The meron is a special topological object that carries only one-half of the topological charge unit. In condensed matter physics, a spin meron corresponds to one-half of a spin skyrmion. As compared to the many fascinating topological properties of skyrmion materials, little is known of the properties of spin merons especially about their formation. It was confirmed only recently that hedgehog merons could exist in pairs with opposite helicities via a spin flux closure. However, it is unclear whether a single hedgehog meron could ever exist by pairing with another type of meron. Using element-resolved magnetic imaging measurements on epitaxial trilayer disks, we show that a spin meron with a full range of helicity, including the hedgehog meron, can be stabilized by pairing with another vortex meron with a fine tuning of the magnetic coupling between the two merons. Furthermore, the meron divergence is fully controlled by the polarity of the vortex meron, independent of the vortex helicity.</P>
Mutations in SLC26A1 Cause Nephrolithiasis
Gee, H.Y.,Jun, I.,Braun, D.A.,Lawson, J.A.,Halbritter, J.,Shril, S.,Nelson, C.P.,Tan, W.,Stein, D.,Wassner, A.J.,Ferguson, M.A.,Gucev, Z.,Sayer, J.A.,Milosevic, D.,Baum, M.,Tasic, V.,Lee, M.G.,Hildebr University of Chicago Press [etc.] 2016 American journal of human genetics Vol.98 No.6
<P>Nephrolithiasis, a condition in which urinary supersaturation leads to stone formation in the urinary system, affects about 5%-10% of individuals worldwide at some point in their lifetime and results in significant medical costs and morbidity. To date, mutations in more than 30 genes have been described as being associated with nephrolithiasis, and these mutations explain about 15% of kidney stone cases, suggesting that additional nephrolithiasis-associated genes remain to be discovered. To identify additional genes whose mutations are linked to nephrolithiasis, we performed targeted next-generation sequencing of 18 hypothesized candidate genes in 348 unrelated individuals with kidney stones. We detected biallelic mutations in SLC26A1 (solute carrier family 26 member 1) in two unrelated individuals with calcium oxalate kidney stones. We show by immunofluorescence, immunoblotting, and glycosylation analysis that the variant protein mimicking p.Thr185Met has defects in protein folding or trafficking. In addition, by measuring anion exchange activity of SLC26A1, we demonstrate that all the identified mutations in SLC26A1 result in decreased transporter activity. Our data identify SLC26A1 mutations as causing a recessive Mendelian form of nephrolithiasis.</P>
Kim, S.J.,Hsu, C.,Song, Y.Q.,Tay, K.,Hong, X.N.,Cao, J.,Kim, J.S.,Eom, H.S.,Lee, J.H.,Zhu, J.,Chang, K.M.,Reksodiputro, A.H.,Tan, D.,Goh, Y.T.,Lee, J.,Intragumtornchai, T.,Chng, W.J.,Cheng, A.L.,Lim, Pergamon Press 2013 European journal of cancer Vol.49 No.16
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation is increasing, as rituximab has become widely used for B-cell lymphoma. Thus, prevention and management of HBV reactivation are important in HBV-endemic areas. Methods: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in HBV surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive patients and HBsAg-negative/HBV core antibody (HBcAb)-positive patients who received rituximab-containing chemotherapy was investigated by the Asia Lymphoma Study Group via retrospective (n=340), and the results were compared to cross-sectional analysis with patients who were prospectively monitored in a single institute (n=127). The goal of the study was to define the frequency of HBV reactivation and the efficacy of antiviral prophylaxis. Results: HBV reactivation was found in 27.8% of HBsAg-positive patients (45/162) in the retrospective analysis, being significantly less frequent in patients receiving antiviral prophylaxis than those not (22.9%, 32/140 versus 59.1%, 13/22; p<0.001). Lamivudine was most commonly used (96/162, 59.3%), but more than 20% of HBsAg-positive patients showed breakthrough HBV reactivation. In the cross-sectional analysis, a reduced rate of HBV reactivation occurred for entecavir as compared with lamivudine prophylaxis (6.3% versus 39.3%; p<0.05). HBV DNA monitoring of HBsAg-negative/HBcAb-positive patients in the cross-sectional analysis showed HBV reactivation in only 2.4% of cases. Conclusions: This is the largest study of HBV reactivation in patients receiving rituximab-containing chemotherapy to date, and we defined the probability of HBV reactivation in an HBV-endemic region.
Daga, Ankana,Majmundar, Amar J.,Braun, Daniela A.,Gee, Heon Yung,Lawson, Jennifer A.,Shril, Shirlee,Jobst-Schwan, Tilman,Vivante, Asaf,Schapiro, David,Tan, Weizhen,Warejko, Jillian K.,Widmeier, Eugen Elsevier 2018 Kidney international Vol.93 No.1
<P>The incidence of nephrolithiasis continues to rise. Previously, we showed that a monogenic cause could be detected in 11.4% of individuals with adult-onset nephrolithiasis or nephrocalcinosis and in 16.7-20.8% of individuals with onset before 18 years of age, using gene panel sequencing of 30 genes known to cause nephrolithiasis/nephrocalcinosis. To overcome the limitations of panel sequencing, we utilized whole exome sequencing in 51 families, who presented before age 25 years with at least one renal stone or with a renal ultrasound finding of nephrocalcinosis to identify the underlying molecular genetic cause of disease. In 15 of 51 families, we detected a monogenic causative mutation by whole exome sequencing. A mutation in seven recessive genes (AGXT, ATP6V1B1, CLDN16, CLDN19, GRHPR, SLC3A1, SLC12A1), in one dominant gene (SLC9A3R1), and in one gene (SLC34A1) with both recessive and dominant inheritance was detected. Seven of the 19 different mutations were not previously described as disease-causing. In one family, a causative mutation in one of 117 genes that may represent phenocopies of nephrolithiasis-causing genes was detected. In nine of 15 families, the genetic diagnosis may have specific implications for stone management and prevention. Several factors that correlated with the higher detection rate in our cohort were younger age at onset of nephrolithiasis/nephrocalcinosis, presence of multiple affected members in a family, and presence of consanguinity. Thus, we established whole exome sequencing as an efficient approach toward a molecular genetic diagnosis in individuals with nephrolithiasis/nephrocalcinosis who manifest before age 25 years.</P>
Han, C.,Udalski, A.,Choi, J.-Y.,Yee, J. C.,Gould, A.,Christie, G.,Tan, T.-G.,Szymań,ski, M. K.,Kubiak, M.,Soszyń,ski, I.,Pietrzyń,ski, G.,Poleski, R.,Ulaczyk, K.,Pietrukowicz, P.,Kozłow IOP Publishing 2013 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS - Vol.762 No.2
<P>We report the discovery of a planetary system from observation of the high-magnification microlensing event OGLE-2012-BLG-0026. The lensing light curve exhibits a complex central perturbation with multiple features. We find that the perturbation was produced by two planets located near the Einstein ring of the planet host star. We identify four possible solutions resulting from the well-known close/wide degeneracy. By measuring both the lens parallax and the Einstein radius, we estimate the physical parameters of the planetary system. According to the best-fit model, the two planet masses are similar to 0.11 M-J and 0.68 M-J and they are orbiting a G-type main-sequence star with a mass similar to 0.82 M-circle dot. The projected separations of the individual planets are beyond the snow line in all four solutions, being similar to 3.8 AU and 4.6 AU in the best-fit solution. The deprojected separations are both individually larger and possibly reversed in order. This is the second multi-planet system with both planets beyond the snow line discovered by microlensing. This is the only such system (other than the solar system) with measured planet masses without sin i degeneracy. The planetary system is located at a distance 4.1 kpc from the Earth toward the Galactic center. It is very likely that extra light from stars other than the lensed star comes from the lens itself. If this is correct, it will be possible to obtain detailed information about the planet host star from follow-up observation.</P>
Proton-in-Water NMR Prototype for Polarized 129Xe Signal Calibration
J. A. TAN,V. KAVTANYUK,선용근,김우영 한국물리학회 2014 새물리 Vol.64 No.2
We present a set-up for detecting the proton-in-water nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signal as a prototype for calibrating the signal from ^129Xe polarized via the spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP) technique. When magnetic field oscillating at the resonance frequency is applied perpendicularly to the static magnetic field in which nuclei of particular spin are immersed, NMR takes place: the nuclear spin gets flipped while precessing around the direction of the static field. Our NMR set-up has three perpendicular coils: the largest coil, which provides the static or holding field, the RF coil which induces an oscillating or driving magnetic field, and the pick-up coil, in which a current is induced by the precessing spins. The RF and the pick-up coils are parts of the LC circuits designed to allow field strength optimization and Q-factor manipulations. The driving and the pick-up signals are managed using Tecmag Apollo LF-1 Single Receiver NMR System console. Comparisons of the Fourier transforms of the signals acquired with and without the water sample show the relative magnitude of the proton-in-water NMR signal.
Experimental Flow Visualisation of an Artificial Heart Pump
Tan, A.C.C.,Timms, D.L.,Pearcy, M.J.,McNeil, K.,Galbraith, A. The Korean Society of Marine Engineering 2004 한국마린엔지니어링학회지 Vol.28 No.2
Flow visualization techniques were employed to qualitatively visualize the flow patterns through a 400% scaled up centrifugal blood pump. The apparatus comprised of a scaled up centrifugal pump. high speed video camera. Argon Ion Laser Light Sheet and custom coded particle tracking software. Reynolds similarity laws are applied in order to reduce the rotational speed of the pump. The outlet (cutwater) region was identified as a site of high turbulence and thus a likely source of haemolysis. The region underneath the impeller was identified as a region of lower flow.