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Host responses of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus with lymphocystis cell formation
Iwakiri, S.,Song, J.Y.,Nakayama, K.,Oh, M.J.,Ishida, M.,Kitamura, S.I. Academic Press 2014 FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY Vol.38 No.2
Lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV) is the causative agent of lymphocystis disease (LCD). In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of lymphocystis cell (LCC) formation from the viewpoint of gene expression changes in the infected fish. LCC occurrence and virus titers in the experimentally infected Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus were monitored by visual confirmation and real-time PCR, respectively. The gene expression changes in the fish fin were investigated by microarray experiments. LCCs firstly appeared in the fish at 21 days post infection (dpi). LCD incidence increased with time and reached 92.9% at 62 dpi. LCDV genome was firstly detected from dorsal fins at 14 dpi, and the relative amount of the genome gradually-increased until 56 dpi. Since the occurrence of LCC was approximately synchronized with increasing of the virus genome, virus replication might play important roles for LCC formation. The microarray detected a few gene expression changes until 28 dpi. However, the number of expression changed genes dramatically increased between 28 and 42 dpi in which LCCs formation was active. From the microarray data analyses, apoptosis and cell division related genes were down-regulated, whereas cell fusion and collagen related genes were up-regulated at 42 dpi. Together with the observation of morphological changes of LCCs in previous reports, it is suggested that the following steps are involved in LCC formation: the virus infected cells were (1) inhibited apoptotic death and (2) cell division before enlargement, (3) hypertrophied by cell fusion, and (4) surrounded by a hyaline capsule associated with the alteration of collagen fibers.
Review : Nitric oxide in liver fibrosis: The role of inducible nitric oxide synthase
( Yasuko Iwakiri ) 대한간학회 2015 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.21 No.4
The inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is expressed in hepatic cells in pathological conditions. Its induction is involved in the development of liver fibrosis, and thus iNOS could be a therapeutic target for liver fibrosis. This review summarizes the role of iNOS in liver fibrosis, focusing on 1) iNOS biology, 2) iNOS-expressing liver cells, 3) iNOS-related therapeutic strategies, and 4) future directions. (Clin Mol Hepatol 2015;21:319-325)
Biquandle (co)homology and handlebody-links
Ishii, Atsushi,Iwakiri, Masahide,Kamada, Seiichi,Kim, Jieon,Matsuzaki, Shosaku,Oshiro, Kanako World Scientific Publishing Company 2018 Journal of knot theory and its ramifications Vol.27 No.11
<P>In this paper, we introduce the (co)homology group of a multiple conjugation biquandle. It is the (co)homology group of the prismatic chain complex, which is related to the homology of foams introduced by J. S. Carter, modulo a certain subchain complex. We construct invariants for <TEX>$ S^{1}$</TEX>-oriented handlebody-links using <TEX>$ 2$</TEX>-cocycles. When a multiple conjugation biquandle <TEX>$ X \times \mathbb{Z}_{type {X_{Y}}}$</TEX> is obtained from a biquandle <TEX>$ X$</TEX> using <TEX>$ n$</TEX>-parallel operations, we provide a <TEX>$ 2$</TEX>-cocycle (or <TEX>$ 3$</TEX>-cocycle) of the multiple conjugation biquandle <TEX>$ X \times \mathbb{Z}_{type {X_{Y}}}$</TEX> from a <TEX>$ 2$</TEX>-cocycle (or <TEX>$ 3$</TEX>-cocycle) of the biquandle <TEX>$ X$</TEX> equipped with an <TEX>$ X$</TEX>-set <TEX>$ Y$</TEX>.</P>
The lymphatic system in alcohol-associated liver disease
Reiichiro Kondo,Yasuko Iwakiri 대한간학회 2020 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.26 No.4
The lymphatic system plays vital roles in interstitial fluid balance and immune cell surveillance. The effect of alcohol on the lymphatic system is poorly understood. This review article explores the role of the lymphatic system in the pathogenesis of alcohol-related disease including alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and the therapeutic potential of targeting hepatic lymphatics for the treatment of ALD.
Advancements in the Diagnosis of Gastric Subepithelial Tumors
Goto Osamu,Kaise Mitsuru,Iwakiri Katsuhiko 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2022 Gut and Liver Vol.16 No.3
A diagnosis of subepithelial tumors (SETs) is sometimes difficult due to the existence of overlying mucosa on the lesions, which hampers optical diagnosis by conventional endoscopy and tissue sampling with standard biopsy forceps. Imaging modalities, by using computed tomography and endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) are mandatory to noninvasively collect the target’s information and to opt candidates for further evaluation. Particularly, EUS is an indispensable diagnostic modality for assessing the lesions precisely and evaluating the possibility of malignancy. The diagnostic ability of EUS appears increased by the combined use of contrast-enhancement or elastography. Histology is the gold standard for obtaining the final diagnosis. Tissue sampling requires special techniques to break the mucosal barrier. Although EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) is commonly applied, mucosal cutting biopsy and mucosal incision-assisted biopsy are comparable methods to definitively obtain tissues from the exposed surface of lesions and seem more useful than EUS-FNA for small SETs. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have a potential to drastically change the diagnostic strategy for SETs. Development and establishment of noninvasive methods including AI-assisted diagnosis are expected to provide an alternative to invasive, histological diagnosis.
Review : The lymphatic vascular system in liver diseases; its role in ascites formation
( Chu Han Chung ),( Yasuko Iwakiri ) 대한간학회 2013 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.19 No.2
The lymphatic system is part of the circulatory system and plays a key role in normal vascular function. Its failure plays a crucial role in the development and maintenance of various diseases including liver diseases. Lymphangiogenesis (the growth of lymphatic vessels) and changes in the properties of lymphatic vessels are associated with pathogenesis of tumor metastases, ascites formation, liver fibrosis/cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Despite its significant role in liver diseases and its importance as a potential therapeutic target for those diseases, the lymphatic vascular system of the liver is poorly understood. Therefore, how the lymphatic vascular system in general and lymphangiogenesis in particular are mechanistically related the pathogenesis and maintenance of liver diseases are largely unknown. This article summarizes: 1) the lymphatic vascular system; 2) its role in liver tumors, liver fibrosis/cirrhosis and portal hypertension; and 3) its role in ascites formation.
Yasuyuki Ishii,Kiichi Fukuyama,Takanori Iwakiri,Ahmad Wadi,Sachiko Idota 한국초지조사료학회 2009 한국초지조사료학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.08
In southern Kyushu, dwarf variety of late-heading type (DL) napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach) has utilized for the rotational grazing in 4 months of hot summer period by Japanese-Black (JB) beef cows for 6 years in 2002-2007. The objectives of this study were to investigate the establishment of feeding system of DL napiergrass with Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam., IR) grazed by the standard herd of JB beef cows in breeding beef farmers. Grazing DL napiergrass pasture was established totally at 0.66 ㏊ with 5 paddocks (0.132 ㏊ each) in 2006. Oversowing of IR was imposed into the inter-row of DL napiergrass on December 8, 2007. Grazing for IR and DL napiergrass pastures was carried out in 30 and 71 days, respectively. Daily gain of beef cows for the grazing on DL napiergrass was averaged at 0.23 ㎏ head?¹ day?¹, and carrying capacity was calculated at 891 CD ㏊?¹. The results revealed that DL napiergrass with IR pasture should fit to the rotational grazing with maintaining the liveweight of grazing beef cows for 4.5 months, and it can be proposed for the sustainable and low-cost feeding system to smallholder farmers in this area.