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Polymeric nano-shielded islets with heparin-polyethylene glycol in a non-human primate model
Park, Hyojun,Haque, Muhammad R.,Park, Jae Berm,Lee, Kyo Won,Lee, Sanghoon,Kwon, Yeongbeen,Lee, Han Sin,Kim, Geun-Soo,Shin, Du Yeon,Jin, Sang-Man,Kim, Jae Hyeon,Kang, Hee Jung,Byun, Youngro,Kim, Sung J Elsevier 2018 Biomaterials Vol.171 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Intraportal pancreatic islet transplantation incurs huge cell losses during its early stages due to instant blood-mediated inflammatory reactions (IBMIRs), which may also drive regulation of the adaptive immune system. Therefore, a method that evades IBMIR will improve clinical islet transplantation. We used a layer-by-layer approach to shield non-human primate (NHP) islets with polyethylene glycol (nano-shielded islets, NSIs) and polyethylene glycol plus heparin (heparin nano-shielded islets; HNSIs). Islets ranging from 10,000 to 20,000 IEQ/kg body weight were transplanted into 19 cynomolgus monkeys (n = 4, control; n = 5, NSI; and n = 10, HNSI). The mean C-peptide positive graft survival times were 68.5, 64 and 108 days for the control, NSI and HNSI groups, respectively (<I>P</I> = 0.012). HNSI also reduced the factors responsible for IBMIR <I>in vitro</I>. Based on these data, HNSIs in conjunction with clinically established immunosuppressive drug regimens will result in superior outcomes compared to those achieved with the current protocol for clinical islet transplantation.</P>
Comparison of Methods for Determining ABO Blood Type in Cynomolgus Macaques (Macaca fascicularis)
Kim, Tae M.,Park, Hyojun,Cho, Kahee,Kim, Jong S.,Park, Mi K.,Choi, Ju Y.,Park, Jae B.,Park, Wan J.,Kim, Sung J. AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE 2015 Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Vol.54 No.3
Park, Chulkyun,Kim, Hyojun,Park, In-Sung,Ko, Ki-Young,Kim, Ki-Kang,Lee, Byoung Hun,Ahn, Jinho Elsevier 2015 MICROELECTRONIC ENGINEERING Vol.136 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We developed a zirconium oxide (ZrO<SUB>2</SUB>) nanoparticle-assisted photonic structure for improving the light extraction efficiency of Y<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>:Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> phosphor films by reverse nano-imprint lithography approach. The structural effect of a two-dimensional (2D) ZrO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticle photonic crystal (PC) pattern on the extraction efficiency of photoluminescence (PL) from the underlying Y<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>:Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> phosphor film was investigated. The 2D photonic crystal structure was fabricated using a reverse nano-imprint process with a ZrO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticle solution as a nano-imprint resin and a patterned trimethylolpropane propoxylate triacrylate (TPT)/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stamp as a mold. We controlled height of ZrO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticle patterns in the range 190–370nm by varying the height of master mold. This simple process results in 6.9 times improvement of extraction efficiency for a 2D ZrO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticle-assisted photonic crystal pattern (<I>h</I> =∼370nm) compared to the conventional Y<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>:Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> thin-film phosphors.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We developed a ZrO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticle-assisted PCL for improving the light extraction efficiency of Y<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>:Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> TFPs. </LI> <LI> Photonic crystal structure was fabricated using reverse nano-imprint lithography. </LI> <LI> Patterned TPT/PDMS stamp was used as the mold. </LI> <LI> Y<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>:Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> TFPs were prepared by Pechini-type sol–gel reactions. </LI> <LI> PL emission spectra of 2D PCL Y<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>:Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> TFPs were measured. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>The reverse nano-imprint process results in 6.9 times improvement of extraction efficiency for a 2D ZrO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticle-assisted photonic crystal pattern (<I>h</I> =∼370nm) compared to the conventional Y<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>:Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> thin-film phosphors.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Park, Hyojun,Choi, Hyun-Joon,Hee Min, Chul,Kim, Jung-in IOP 2019 Physics in medicine & biology Vol.64 No.24
<P>The leaf width of a multileaf collimator (MLC) determines the dose conformity to the target volume. The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of a two-dimensional dynamic MLC (2DDMLC) to improve the treatment plan quality with a fixed leaf width. The treatment head of the Clinac<SUP>™</SUP> linear accelerator with the Millennium 120<SUP>™</SUP> MLC was modelled with the Geant4 (for GEometry ANd Tracking) tollkit using the Monte Carlo (MC) method. The 2DDMLC produces a beam aperture by moving the MLC bank vertically to the leaf movement. Thus, the effect of the 2DDMLC motion on beam divergence and beam fluence resolution was evaluated by comparing the dose distributions between the conventional MLC motion and the 2DDMLC. Finally, the 2DDMLC was employed for dynamic conformal arc therapy for 13 brain cancer patients. The dose-volumetric parameters, including the dose delivered to 98% of the target volume (<I>D</I> <SUB>98%</SUB>), percent volume given 20% of the prescribed dose (<I>V</I> <SUB>20%</SUB>), and conformity index (CI) were compared with those of the conventional MLC. For the 6 MV beam of the MC model, the depth dose and lateral dose distribution differed by less than 2% between the simulation and measurement. The 2DDMLC did not significantly influence beam divergence and sharpened the beam. In clinical use, the dose delivered to the target was almost identical between the 2DDMLC and conventional MLC (<I>D</I> <SUB>98%</SUB> = 29.74 Gy versus 29.71 Gy, <I>p</I> = 0.18). The CI was improved with the use of the 2DDMLC (CI = 1.49 versus 1.47, <I>p</I> = 0.14). Moreover, irradiation of normal tissue was reduced with the 2DDMLC compared with conventional MLC (<I>V</I> <SUB>20%</SUB> = 17.22% versus 17.45%, <I>p</I> < 0.001). The 2DDMLC improved the dose conformity to the target volume and reduced the irradiation of the normal tissue compared with the conventional MLC.</P>