Phonology of Positional Asymmetry and Geminates: Constraints from Gestural Coordination Dynamics

Hosung Nam 한국언어학회 2011 언어 Vol.36 No.2

조음 로보틱스

남호성(Hosung Nam) 한국음성학회 2021 말소리와 음성과학 Vol.13 No.2

음성은 개별 조음 기관(입술, 혓끝, 혓몸, 연구개, 성문)에서 일어나는 협착 운동들의 시공간적 협응 구조라 할 수 있다. 다른 인간의 운동(예: 잡기)과 마찬가지로 각각의 협착 운동은 언어학적으로 의미 있는 task이며, 각 task는 그것과 관계된 기본 요소들의 시너지에 의해 수행된다. 본 연구는 이러한 음성 task가 어떻게 기본 요소들인 joint와 동역학적으로 연계될 수 있는지를 로보틱스의 관점에서 논의하고자 한다. 나아가 로보틱스의 기본 원리를 음성과학분야에 소개함으로써 운동으로서의 음성이 어떻게 발화되는지에 대한 더 깊은 이해를 가능케 하고, 실제 인간의 조음을 모방한 말하는 기계를 구현하는 데 필요한 이론적 토대를 제공하고자 한다. Speech is a spatiotemporally coordinated structure of constriction actions at discrete articulators such as lips, tongue tip, tongue body, velum, and glottis. Like other human movements (e.g., reaching), each action as a linguistic task is completed by a synergy of involved basic elements (e.g., bone, muscle, neural system). This paper discusses how speech tasks are dynamically related to joints as one of the basic elements in terms of robotics of speech production. Further this introduction of robotics to speech sciences will hopefully deepen our understanding of how speech is produced and provide a solid foundation to developing a physical talking machine.

가시화 엔진을 이용한 스월과 분사압력이 직분식 디젤엔진의 연소에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구

남호성(Hosung Nam),정해영(Haeyoung Jeong),이기형(Kihyung Lee),이창식(Changsik Lee) 한국자동차공학회 2002 한국자동차공학회 Symposium Vol.2002 No.11

The objective of this work is to investigate the effect of swirl and injection pressure on D.I. diesel combustion by<br/> using a transparent engine system. The test engine is equipped with common rail injection system to obtain high<br/> pressure and adjust injection timing and duration. In this study, the combustion analysis and steady flow test were<br/> conducted to obtain the heat release rate from in-cylinder pressure and the swirl ratio, respectively. In addition, the<br/> spray and diffusion flame images were investigated by a high speed camera. As the results, injection pressure was<br/> found to shorten ignition delay as well as enhance peak pressure and heat release rate at premixed combustion region.<br/> However, this effect was reduced in case of swirl flow. The swirl effect was found to shorten ignition delay at certain<br/> injection timing and generally enhance heat release rate

가시화 엔진을 이용한 스월과 분사압력이 직분식 디젤엔진의 연소에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구

남호성(Hosung Nam),정해영(Haeyoung Jeong),이기형(Kihyung Lee),이창식(Changsik Lee) 대한기계학회 2002 대한기계학회 기타 간행물 Vol.2002 No.11

영어 발성에서 초음파 영상 정보를 이용한 인공신경망 기반의 인강부의 추정과 평가 방법에 대한 연구

남호성(Hosung Nam) 한국음성학회 2011 말소리와 음성과학 Vol.3 No.2

Electromagnetometers (EMA) have been widely used in articulatory studies as their temporal resolution can capture most speech activities and the fleshpoint information allows one to readily quantify and analyze tongue shape. However, the drawback is that the data lacks details of activity in the pharyngeal region. Several studies have attempted to estimate the unknown pharyngeal shape of the tongue, but few studies are based on unimodal data containing both front and back regions of the tongue at the same time. We use Stone’s ball bearing method to obtain fleshpoint data as well as tongue shape. We further introduce a novel way of connecting balls and attaching them onto the tongue to ensure accurate tracking. An Artificial Neural Network is applied to build a map between observable flesh-points, unknown tongue shape, and pharyngeal region and is optimized to efficiently address nonlinearity.

Single-Crystalline Hollow Face-Centered-Cubic Cobalt Nanoparticles from Solid Face-Centered-Cubic Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles

Nam, Ki Min,Shim, Jae Ha,Ki, Hosung,Choi, Sang-Il,Lee, Gaehang,Jang, Jae Kwon,Jo, Younghun,Jung, Myung-Hwa,Song, Hyunjoon,Park, Joon T. WILEY-VCH Verlag 2008 Angewandte Chemie Vol.47 No.49

<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Hollow nan': Hollow face-centered cubic (fcc) Co nanoparallelepipeds were prepared by thermolysis of solid fcc CoO nanoparallelepipeds in oleylamine (see TEM image). The solid fcc CoO nanoparallelepipeds are reduced by the oleylamine surfactant to form hollow fcc Co nanoparallelepipeds. Voids and fcc Co are generated on the surface of the solid fcc CoO nanoparallelepipeds by the removal of oxide as carbon monoxide. <img src='wiley_img/14337851-2008-47-49-ANIE200803048-content.gif' alt='wiley_img/14337851-2008-47-49-ANIE200803048-content'> </P>

비닐하우스 조리개의 미끄럼 및 인장 강도 분석

송호성 ( Hosung Song ),임성윤 ( Seong-yun Lim ),윤남규 ( Nam-kyu Yun ),염성현 ( Sunghyun Yum ) 한국농공학회 2015 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2015 No.-

국가재난정보센터의 재난통계에 따르면 2005년부터 2014년까지 대설과 강풍으로 인한 비닐하우스의 피해면적은 2585 ha, 총 피해액은 1913억 원에 달한다. 비닐하우스가 구조적인 성능을 만족하기 위해서는 교차부의 결합력이 중요한 역할을 하게 된다. 그런데 비닐하우스 골조의 주를 이루는 서까래의 경우 주로 원형강관을 이용하기 때문에 그 접합방식이 각형강관에 비해 어렵고, 취약한 접합방식으로 인해 대설이나 강풍 등에 저항하는 구조성능을 확보하지 못하는 경우가 많다. 최근 비닐하우스 등 온실은 시공에 있어서의 경제성, 작물 생산성 향상 및 온실 자체의 내구성 증대를 목적으로 더 넓고 높은 장경간의 구조시스템으로 개발되고 있다. 그러나 비닐하우스 경간의 장대화는 필연적으로 부재의 크기나 길이의 증가를 수반하며, 적설하중이나 풍하중으로 인해 접합부의 응력 또한 증가하게 된다. 비닐하우스 교차결합부에 주로 사용되는 조리개는 전체 온실구조의 강도적인 측면에서 매우 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있다. 또한 결속조리개는 특성상 많은 양이 사용되기 때문에 조립과 해체 등 시공의 용이성과 설계하중에 충분히 저항할 수 있는 소요강도의 확보뿐만 아니라 경제적인 측면도 함께 고려되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 파이프 결속조리개에 대한 인장 및 미끄럼 실험을 수행한 결과들을 분석하여, 조리개의 종류나 형상 등이 인장 및 미끄럼 하중에 저항할 수 있는 강도와의 관계 및 특성 등을 비교하였다.

Targeting of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Heparin-Binding Hemagglutinin to Mitochondria in Macrophages

Sohn, Hosung,Kim, Jong-Seok,Shin, Sung Jae,Kim, Kwangwook,Won, Choul-Jae,Kim, Woo Sik,Min, Ki-Nam,Choi, Han-Gyu,Lee, Je Chul,Park, Jeong-Kyu,Kim, Hwa-Jung Public Library of Science 2011 PLoS pathogens Vol.7 No.12

<▼1><P><I>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</I> heparin-binding hemagglutinin (HBHA), a virulence factor involved in extrapulmonary dissemination and a strong diagnostic antigen against tuberculosis, is both surface-associated and secreted. The role of HBHA in macrophages during <I>M. tuberculosis</I> infection, however, is less well known. Here, we show that recombinant HBHA produced by <I>Mycobacterium smegmatis</I> effectively induces apoptosis in murine macrophages. DNA fragmentation, nuclear condensation, caspase activation, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage were observed in apoptotic macrophages treated with HBHA. Enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and Bax activation were essential for HBHA-induced apoptosis, as evidenced by a restoration of the viability of macrophages pretreated with N-acetylcysteine, a potent ROS scavenger, or transfected with Bax siRNA. HBHA is targeted to the mitochondrial compartment of HBHA-treated and <I>M. tuberculosis</I>-infected macrophages. Dissipation of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨ<SUB>m</SUB>) and depletion of cytochrome <I>c</I> also occurred in both macrophages and isolated mitochondria treated with HBHA. Disruption of HBHA gene led to the restoration of ΔΨ<SUB>m</SUB> impairment in infected macrophages, resulting in reduced apoptosis. Taken together, our data suggest that HBHA may act as a strong pathogenic factor to cause apoptosis of professional phagocytes infected with <I>M. tuberculosis</I>.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Author Summary</B></P><P>Cell death is a common outcome during infection with a number of pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, defining the factors responsible for killing of host cells is important to uncovering mechanisms of pathogenesis. World-wide, two billon people are latently infected with <I>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</I>, which is still killing 2–3 million people each year. Heparin-binding hemagglutinin (HBHA) protein of <I>M. tuberculosis</I> is known to interact specifically with non-phagocytic cells and to be involved in dissemination from lungs to other tissues. Nevertheless, the role of HBHA in phagocytic cells such as macrophages, which are the first cells of the immune system to encounter inhaled pathogens, has been unknown. In the present study, we suggest HBHA as a critical bacterial protein for macrophage cell death. After <I>M. tuberculosis</I> infection or HBHA treatment of macrophages, HBHA targeted to mitochondria and then caused mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress, which eventually lead to apoptosis. A mutant of <I>M. tuberculosis</I> lacking HBHA induced less apoptosis with moderated mitochondrial damage. These experiments provide a candidate virulence factor which may be a novel target for tuberculosis treatment.</P></▼2>

Hidden Singer: Distinguishing Imitation Singers Based on Training with Only the Original Song

PARK, Hosung,NAM, Seungsoo,CHOI, Eun Man,CHOI, Daeseon 'Institute of Electronics, Information and Communi 2018 IEICE transactions on information and systems Vol.101e.d No.12

Automated Essay Scoring Using Recurrence over BERT (RoBERT)

Ingu Lee,Hosung Nam 한국응용언어학회 2021 응용 언어학 Vol.37 No.3

This study aimed to build a system that could automate students" English essay evaluation by using Recurrence over BERT (RoBERT), a state-of-the-art deep learning model. English essay evaluation is inherently time-consuming. It may reflect teacher bias. English teachers are usually burdened with the task of evaluating many essays in a short period of time. Automated essay scoring (AES) can solve these problems. It has the advantage of being able to evaluate essays in a short time and without bias. In this paper, the RoBERT model was trained and evaluated on Essay Set #8 of the Automated Student Assessment Prize (ASAP) dataset. The 5-fold cross validation evaluation method was used for fair comparison with the previously suggested AES models. As a result, the RoBERT model showed the highest agreement with the human raters’ resolved scores in 5 out of 6 trait scores than the previous evaluation models. The advantage of it is that it can use the pre-trained BERT model and deal with long inputs, overcoming the input size limit of the BERT model. It was confirmed that the RoBERT model works well for trait-specific evaluation of long essays. Thus, the RoBERT model can be used as an auxiliary means to automate the evaluation of students" essays and reduce the excessive work of English teachers.