Energy-Efficient Base Station Sleep Scheduling in Relay-Assisted Cellular Networks

( Hongbin Chen ),( Qiong Zhang ),( Feng Zhao ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2015 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.9 No.3

We Relay-assisted cellular network architecture has been developed to cover cell-edge users and to improve capacity. However, the deployment of relay stations (RSs) in cellular networks may increase the total energy consumption. Though energy efficiency has become a major concern in cellular networks, little work has studied the energy efficiency of relay-assisted cellular networks by sleep scheduling. In this paper, a distributed base stations (BSs) sleep scheduling scheme in relay-assisted cellular networks is proposed. The goal is to maximize the energy efficiency under the spectral efficiency constraint. Firstly, whether the BSs should be sleeping or active is determined by the traffic profile. Then, the transmission powers of the active BSs are optimized within the game-theoretic framework, by using an interior-point method, so as to maximize the energy efficiency. Simulation results demonstrate that the effectiveness of the proposed scheme is superior to that turning on all the BSs without sleep scheduling.

One-Step Synthesis of Immobilized BiOCl Film with Excellent Adsorption Capacity for Dyes

Hongbin Chen,Wangmiao Fu,Xiang Yu,Yi Zhu,Hui Meng,Jinpeng Tang,Yuanming Zhang 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2015 NANO Vol.10 No.8

A facile one-step method was developed for the first time to fabricate BiOCl film on Cu substrate by simply dipping the Cu substrate in the mixed solution containing HCl, glycol, H2O2 and BiCl3. This method shows the advantages of a simple technique, uniform and controllable morphology, as well as easy mass production. The absorption capacity of BiOCl film was investigated by adsorption of Rhodamine B and Congo red (CR) and their maximum adsorption capacities were 1667 mg g-1 and 1429 mg g-1, respectively. The negative values of free energy and the positive values of enthalpy suggested that the adsorption were spontaneous and endothermic, respectively. Moreover, both adsorptions were matched with the pseudo-second-order equation. This film could be reused and the recycle rates for Rhodamine B and CR were still about 95% and 75% after five cycles, respectively. The adsorption mechanism revealed that hydrogen bond mainly accounted for the adsorption of dyes.

Variability in copepod trophic levels and feeding selectivity based on stable isotope analysis in Gwangyang Bay of the southern coast of the Korean Peninsula

Chen, Mianrun,Kim, Dongyoung,Liu, Hongbin,Kang, Chang-Keun Copernicus GmbH 2018 Biogeosciences Vol.15 No.7

<P><p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Trophic preference (i.e., food resources and trophic levels) of different copepod groups was assessed along a salinity gradient in the temperate estuarine Gwangyang Bay of Korea, based on seasonal investigation of taxonomic results in 2015 and stable isotope analysis incorporating multiple linear regression models. The <span class='inline-formula'><i>δ</i>¹³</span>C and <span class='inline-formula'><i>δ</i>¹⁵</span>N values of copepods in the bay displayed significant spatial heterogeneity as well as seasonal variations, which were indicated by their significant relationships with salinity and temperature, respectively. Both spatial and temporal variations reflected those in isotopic values of food sources. The major calanoid groups (marine calanoids and brackish water calanoids) had a mean trophic level of 2.2 relative to nanoplankton as the basal food source, similar to the bulk copepod assemblage; however, they had dissimilar food sources based on the different <span class='inline-formula'><i>δ</i>¹³</span>C values. Calanoid isotopic values indicated a mixture of different genera including species with high <span class='inline-formula'><i>δ</i>¹⁵</span>N values (e.g., <i>Labidocera</i>, <i>Sinocalanus</i>, and <i>Tortanus</i>), moderate values (<i>Calanus sinicus</i>, <i>Centropages</i>, <i>Paracalanus</i>, and <i>Acartia</i>), and relatively low <span class='inline-formula'><i>δ</i>¹⁵</span>N values (<i>Eurytemora pacifica</i> and<i> Pseudodiaptomus</i>). Feeding preferences of different copepods probably explain these seasonal and spatial patterns of the community trophic niche. Bayesian mixing model calculations based on source materials of two size fractions of particulate organic matter (nanoplankton at <span class='inline-formula'>&lt;</span><span class='thinspace'></span>20<span class='thinspace'></span><span class='inline-formula'>µ</span>m vs. microplankton at 20-200<span class='thinspace'></span><span class='inline-formula'>µ</span>m) indicated that <i>Acartia</i> and <i>Centropages</i> preferred large particles; <i>Paracalanus</i>, <i>Calanus</i>, <i>Eurytemora</i>, and <i>Pseudodiaptomus</i> apparently preferred small particles. <i>Tortanus</i> was typically carnivorous with low selectivity on different copepods. <i>Labidocera</i> preferred marine calanoids <i>Acartia</i>, <i>Centropages</i>, and harpacticoids; on the other hand, <i>Sinocalanus</i> and <i>Corycaeus</i> preferred brackish calanoids <i>Paracalanus</i> and <i>Pseudodiaptomus</i>. Overall, our results depict a simple energy flow of the planktonic food web of Gwangyang Bay: from primary producers (nanoplankton) and a mixture of primary producers and herbivores (microplankton) through omnivores (<i>Acartia</i>, <i>Calanus</i>, <i>Centropages</i>, and <i>Paracalanus</i>) and detritivores (<i>Pseudodiaptomus</i>, <i>Eurytemora</i>, and <i>harpacticoids</i>) to carnivores (<i>Corycaeus</i>, <i>Tortanus</i>, <i>Labidocera</i>, and <i>Sinocalanus</i>).</p> </P>

Numerical and experimental analysis of hydroelastic responses of a high-speed trimaran in oblique irregular waves

Chen, Zhanyang,Gui, Hongbin,Dong, Pingsha,Yu, Changli The Society of Naval Architects of Korea 2019 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.11 No.1

Investigation of hydroelastic responses of high-speed vessels in irregular sea state is of major interest in naval applications. A three dimensional nonlinear time-domain hydroelastic method in oblique irregular waves is developed, in which the nonlinear hydrostatic restoring force caused by instantaneous wetted surface and slamming force are considered. In order to solve the two technical problems caused by irregular sea state, the time-domain retardation function and Proportional, Integral and Derivative (PID) autopilot model are applied respectively. Besides, segmented model tests of a high-speed trimaran in oblique waves are performed. An oblique wave testing system for trimarans is designed and assembled. The measured results of main hull and cross-decks are analyzed, and the differences in distribution of load responses between trimarans and monohull ships are discussed. Finally, from the comparisons, it is confirmed that the present concept for dealing with nonlinear hydroelastic responses of ships in oblique irregular waves is reliable and accurate.

Development of a multiplex qRT-PCR assay for detection of African swine fever virus, classical swine fever virus and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Yating Chen,Kaichuang Shi,Huixin Liu,Yanwen Yin,Jing Zhao,Feng Long,Wenjun Lu,Hongbin Si 대한수의학회 2021 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.22 No.6

Background: African swine fever virus (ASFV), classical swine fever virus (CSFV), and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) are still prevalent in many regions of China. Co-infections make it difficult to distinguish their clinical symptoms and pathological changes. Therefore, a rapid and specific method is needed for the differential detection of these pathogens. Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop a multiplex real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (multiplex qRT-PCR) for the simultaneous differential detection of ASFV, CSFV, and PRRSV. Methods: Three pairs of primers and TaqMan probes targeting the ASFV p72 gene, CSFV 5′ untranslated region, and PRRSV ORF7 gene were designed. After optimizing the reaction conditions, including the annealing temperature, primer concentration, and probe concentration, multiplex qRT-PCR for simultaneous and differential detection of ASFV, CSFV, and PRRSV was developed. Subsequently, 1,143 clinical samples were detected to verify the practicality of the assay. Results: The multiplex qRT-PCR assay could specifically and simultaneously detect the ASFV, CSFV, and PRRSV with a detection limit of 1.78 × 100 copies for the ASFV, CSFV, and PRRSV, but could not amplify the other major porcine viruses, such as pseudorabies virus, porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1), PCV2, PCV3, foot-and-mouth disease virus, porcine parvovirus, atypical porcine pestivirus, and Senecavirus A. The assay had good repeatability with coefficients of variation of intra- and inter-assay of less than 1.2%. Finally, the assay was used to detect 1,143 clinical samples to evaluate its practicality in the field. The positive rates of ASFV, CSFV, and PRRSV were 25.63%, 9.36%, and 17.50%, respectively. The co-infection rates of ASFV+CSFV, ASFV+PRRSV, CSFV+PRRSV, and ASFV+CSFV+PRRSV were 2.45%, 2.36%, 1.57%, and 0.17%, respectively. Conclusions: The multiplex qRT-PCR developed in this study could provide a rapid, sensitive, specific diagnostic tool for the simultaneous and differential detection of ASFV, CSFV, and PRRSV.

Annexin A2 gene interacting with viral matrix protein to promote bovine ephemeral fever virus release

Lihui Chen,Xingyu Li,Hongmei Wang,Peili Hou,Hongbin He 대한수의학회 2020 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.21 No.2

Bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) causes bovine ephemeral fever, which can produce considerable economic damage to the cattle industry. However, there is limited experimental evidence regarding the underlying mechanisms of BEFV. Annexin A2 (AnxA2) is a calcium and lipid-conjugated protein that binds phospholipids and the cytoskeleton in a Ca2+-dependent manner, and it participates in various cellular functions, including vesicular trafficking, organization of membrane domains, and virus proliferation. The role of the AnxA2 gene during virus infection has not yet been reported. In this study, we observed that AnxA2 gene expression was up-regulated in BHK-21 cells infected with the virus. Additionally, overexpression of the AnxA2 gene promoted the release of mature virus particles, whereas BEFV replication was remarkably inhibited after reducing AnxA2 gene expression by using the small interfering RNA (siRNA). For viral proteins, overexpression of the Matrix (M) gene promotes the release of mature virus particles. Moreover, the AnxA2 protein interaction with the M protein of BEFV was confirmed by GST pull-down and co-immunoprecipitation assays. Experimental results indicate that the C-terminal domain (268–334 aa) of AxnA2 contributes to this interaction. An additional mechanistic study showed that AnxA2 protein interacts with M protein and mediates the localization of the M protein at the plasma membrane. Furthermore, the absence of the AnxA2-V domain could attenuate the effect of AnxA2 on BEFV replication. These findings can contribute to elucidating the regulation of BEFV replication and may have implications for antiviral strategy development.

Numerical and experimental analysis of hydroelastic responses of a high-speed trimaran in oblique irregular waves

Zhanyang Chen,Hongbin Gui,Pingsha Dong,Changli Yu 대한조선학회 2019 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.11 No.1

Investigation of hydroelastic responses of high-speed vessels in irregular sea state is of major interest in naval applications. A three dimensional nonlinear time-domain hydroelastic method in oblique irregular waves is developed, in which the nonlinear hydrostatic restoring force caused by instantaneous wetted surface and slamming force are considered. In order to solve the two technical problems caused by irregular sea state, the time-domain retardation function and Proportional, Integral and Derivative (PID) autopilot model are applied respectively. Besides, segmented model tests of a high-speed trimaran in oblique waves are performed. An oblique wave testing system for trimarans is designed and assembled. The measured results of main hull and cross-decks are analyzed, and the differences in distribution of load responses between trimarans and monohull ships are discussed. Finally, from the comparisons, it is confirmed that the present concept for dealing with nonlinear hydroelastic responses of ships in oblique irregular waves is reliable and accurate.

Fe(II)-Anchored Cotton Fabric for Heterogeneous Fenton Degradation of Rhodamine B Dye

Yuhui Yang,Hongbin Chen,Ruquan Zhang,Jingjing Huang,Zhikui Bai,Shili Xiao 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.10

The ferric ions sludge produced during pollutants degradation was an obstacle for large scale application of Fentonoxidation technology. Herein, we reported a facile method using 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxygen radical (TEMPO)-oxidized cotton fabric as a substrate for anchoring Fe(II) ions to produce Fe(II)-anchored cotton fabric. The formation ofFe(II)-anchored cotton fabric was confirmed using EDS analysis and FTIR measurement. Bath experiments indicated thatFe(II)-anchored cotton fabric could Fenton oxidize rhodamine B (RhB) dye in a high efficient rate (95.9 %) within 60 minwithout second pollution. Fe(II)-anchored cotton could be reused without any physical/chemical treatment and itsdecolorization efficiency was retained at 89.9 % even after the third cycle. Moreover, the decolorization behavior of Fe(II)-anchored cotton fabric for the RhB solution was affected by H2O2 dosage, Fe(II) ion content, and inorganic salts. Kineticstudy indicated that the RhB decolorization process fits a pseudo-first order well and the sorption isotherm assessmentrevealed that the reactive sorption of RhB dye on Fe(II)-anchored cotton fabric fits the Freundlich model.

State observation of nonlinear off-road vehicle system under complex maneuver condition

Zepeng Gao,Sizhong Chen,Hongbin Ren,Zheng Liu 대한기계학회 2020 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.34 No.10

The information of vehicle attitude and tire force under complex environment and maneuver condition is of great significance for system risk prediction and active control system intervention. In order to collect the accurate system states, the coupling vehicle dynamics model and moving horizon estimation method are employed to solve the online optimization problem based on the premise of rolling optimization. Furthermore, the accurate observation and acquisition of the vehicle system state are realized. On this basis, the simulation process of the vehicle state observation using moving horizon estimation method and unscented Kalman filter algorithm are implemented, respectively. The corresponding observation results under complex maneuvering conditions are further validated by using the hardware-in-the-loop experimental platform. Finally, the comparison of the observation results obtained by the unscented Kalman filter and moving horizon estimation algorithms demonstrate that the moving horizon estimation method can effectively improve the observation accuracy of vehicle system state in complex environment, including vehicle roll angle and tire dynamic force. The results obtained through moving horizon estimation method are conducive to the further signal early warning, risk prediction and assessment, as well as systematic intervention and active rollover control.

Lp regularity theory for linear elliptic systems

Byun, Sun-Sig,Chen, Hongbin,Kim, Mijoung,Wang, Lihe American Institute of Mathematical Sciences 2007 Discrete and continuous dynamical systems Vol.18 No.1