청정 지역 강우의 분석 : 1997-1998년 한라산 1100 고지와 제주시 강우의 특성 Characteristics of Rainwater at 1100 Site of Mt. Halla and Cheju City in 1997-1998

강창희,김원형,홍상범,이기호,홍민선,심상규 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 2000 基礎科學硏究 Vol.13 No.1

The rainwater samples were collected from the 1100 Site of hlt. Halla and Cheju city during the period of March in 1997 to August in 1998. and the major soluble ions were analyzed. The confidence of analytical data was confirmed by using the comparison methods such as ion-balance, electric conductivity and acid fraction. all of which correlation coefficients were above 0.94. The ionic strengths lower than 10^(-4)M, the basis for the pure rainwater, were found in 47% and 38% at 1100 Site and Cheju city, respectively. The precipitations in Cheju city were more influenced by the oceanic effect than those in 1100 Site. The acidity contribution was mainly by SO_(4)^(2-) and NO_(3)^(-) in both areas. and the organic acids have contributed to the acidity with only 5-7%. The neutralization factors by NH_(3) were about 46% at both 1100 site and Cheju city, whereas those by CaCO_(3) were 11% and 15% at 1100 site and Cheju city respectively, and the free acidity were both about 35% in average. From the MSA analysis. it was found that the air in Cheju island has been influenced by the pollution from the other areas. The sources of the rainwater components in 1100 Site and Cheju city were also studied with a factor analyzing way and the most probable factors were found to be anthropogenic, oceanic, and soil-sourced. The results of multiple regression analysis have shown that SO_(4)^(??) was dissolved mostly in the form of H_(2)SO_(4), CaSO_(4) and (NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4). and NO_(3)^(-) was in the form of HNO_(3), Ca(NO_(3))_(2) and NH_(4)NO_(3).

Comparison of multiaxial fatigue damage models under variable amplitude loading

Hong Chen,De-Guang Shang,Yu-Jie Tian,Jian-Zhong Liu 대한기계학회 2012 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.26 No.11

Based on the cycle counting method of Wang and Brown and on the linear accumulation damage rule of Miner, four multiaxial fatigue damage models without any weight factors proposed by Pan et al., Varvani-Farahani, Shang and Wang, and Shang et al. are used to compute fatigue damage. The procedure is evaluated using the low cycle fatigue experimental data of 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy and En15R steel under tension/torsion variable amplitude loading. The results reveal that the procedure is convenient for engineering design and application, and that the four multiaxial fatigue damage models provide good life estimates.

병원의 직종별 임금수준에 관한 연구

홍상진 ( Shang Jin Hong ),김한중 ( Han Joong Kim ) 한국보건행정학회 1998 보건행정학회지 Vol.8 No.1

Numerical Simulation of Spray Flow in Injector For the Steamjet Engine

( Xu Sheng Shang ),( Jiang Hong Li ),( Ren Hou Zhao ),( Xu Ze Shang ),( Jie Hong Li ) 한국액체미립화학회 2005 한국액체미립화학회 학술강연회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.-

In this paper, according to the work mechanism of SteamJet, With the certain small scaled turbojet for an influence, along flying trajectory calculating mass of import air and injection water, establishing the spray physics model/ mathematics model. Based on the equation of three-dimension Renault average N-S, air to adopt the limited physical volume method, the liquid adopts to the Lagrangian orbit model, with straight injecting the current method ,Simulate the field of air/ liquid two phase flow field to distribute of inlet to carry on mutually. The results indicate that spray have an effect on flow field configuration. It is concluded that the numerical model and CFD method for modeling spray flow processes in gas/liquid injector will be satisfactory. Similar to the SteamJet the United States puts forward, adopting water injection can satisfy to import the conditional request for pressure and temperature of compressor.

A Novel Stability Analysis Method for the DC-AC Inverter with Nonlinear Loads Based on Harmonic Balance and Floquet Theory

Hong Li,Jing Bian,Jianing Shang,Trillion Q. Zheng,Ruxiang Hao 전력전자학회 2015 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2015 No.6

The nonlinear loads exist widely in practical engineering applications. Due to the nonlinear characteristic of the loads, the nonlinear loads firstly need to be linearized to a resistor with constant value using the traditional stability analysis method based on the Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion and the method based on the stroboscopic map. In this paper, a novel stability analysis method is proposed based on the harmonic balance and Floquet theory for the inverters with nonlinear loads, which can present all characteristics of the nonlinear loads. In detail, the model of the inverter with nonlinear loads is established. Following, the approximate analytical periodic expressions of the inverter with nonlinear loads are obtained by using the harmonic balance method; and then, the stability analysis of the above inverter versus PI parameters is carried out according to Floquet theory. Finally, simulation and experimental results are given to verify the accuracy of the stability analysis method proposed in this paper.

Direct comparison of biopsy techniques for hepatic malignancies

( Shang-chin Huang ),( Ja-der Liang ),( Shih-jer Hsu ),( Tzu-chan Hong ),( Hung-chih Yang ),( Jia-horng Kao ) 대한간학회 2021 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.27 No.2

Background/Aims: The core needle biopsy (CNB), fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and touch imprint cytology (TIC) are commonly used tools for the diagnosis of hepatic malignancies. However, little is known about the benefits and criteria for selecting appropriate technique among them in clinical practice. We aimed to compare the sensitivity of ultrasound-guided CNB, FNAC, TIC as well as combinations for the diagnosis of hepatic malignancies, and to determine the factors associated with better sensitivity in each technique. Methods: From January 2018 to December 2019, a total of 634 consecutive patients who received ultrasound-guided liver biopsies at the National Taiwan University Hospital was collected, of whom 235 with confirmed malignant hepatic lesions receiving CNB, FNAC and TIC simultaneously were enrolled for analysis. The clinical and procedural data were compared. Results: The sensitivity of CNB, FNAC and TIC for the diagnosis of malignant hepatic lesions were 93.6%, 71.9%, and 85.1%, respectively. Add-on use of FNAC or TIC to CNB provided additional sensitivity of 2.1% and 0.4%, respectively. FNAC exhibited a significantly higher diagnostic rate in the metastatic cancers (P=0.011), hyperechoic lesions on ultrasound (P=0.028), and those with depth less than 4.5 cm from the site of needle insertion (P=0.036). Conclusions: The sensitivity of CNB is superior to that of FNAC and TIC for the diagnosis of hepatic malignancies. Nevertheless, for shallow (depth <4.5 cm) and hyperechoic lesions not typical for primary liver cancers, FNAC alone provides excellent sensitivity. (Clin Mol Hepatol 2021;27:305-312)

RealCoins : A Case Study of Enhanced Model Driven Development for Pervasive Games

Hong Guo,Hallvard Trætteberg,Alf Inge Wang,Shang Gao 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.10 No.5

Model Driven Development (MDD) and Domain Specific Modeling (DSM) have been widely used in information system domains and achieved success in many open or in-house scenarios. But its application in the game domain is seldom and immature. In our research, we identified three issues that should be considered carefully in order to play the strength of MDD in the game development environment to a larger extend: 1) structured domain analysis should be done to assure the size and familiarity of the domain; 2) adapted process should be designed to save cost and support evolution; and 3) proper tools (especially language workbenches) should be evaluated and utilized to ease DSM tasks and accelerate iterations. In this paper, we explain these three issues and illustrate our solutions to them by presenting the development details (both technical and procedural) of one pervasive game case. We evaluate the gains and costs by involving MDD into the game development process. We reflect on the issues we have met, and discuss possible future works as well.

A Spectrum Handoff Scheme by Considering the Interference Probability in Cognitive Radio

Hong Du,Shuang Fu,Tingyi Shang 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.9 No.3

In cognitive radio networks, spectrum sensing is used to detect the spectral state of authorized users. In particular, upon detecting primary users (PUs) appearances, Secondary User (SU) vacates the channel and performs the spectrum handoff. In order to protect the PUs, interference constrains and reserved channel are considered. If the SU can’t find any idle channel after the whole spectrum sensing, it carries out spectrum handoff to the reserved channel. In addition, spectrum handoff delay is derived. The nonlinear constrained optimization problem for the presented approach is formulated. In special, the goal is to minimize the SU’s handoff delay while protecting the PU from the interference. Numerical results discuss the impact factors on the handoff delay. Lower interference constrains can not only protect the PUs, but also can provide the lower handoff delay for SUs.

New hydroperoxylated and 20,24-epoxylated dammarane triterpenes from the rot roots of Panax notoginseng

Shang, Jia-Huan,Sun, Wen-Jie,Zhu, Hong-Tao,Wang, Dong,Yang, Chong-Ren,Zhang, Ying-Jun The Korean Society of Ginseng 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.3

Background: Root rot is a serious destructive disease of Panax notoginseng, a famous cultivated araliaceous herb called Sanqi or Tianqi in Southwest China. Methods: The chemical substances of Sanqi rot roots were explored by chromatographic techniques. MS, 1D/2D-NMR, and single crystal X-ray diffraction were applied to determine the structures. Murine macrophage RAW264.7 and five human cancer cell lines were used separately for evaluating the antiinflammatory and cytotoxic activities. Results and Conclusion: Thirty dammarane-type triterpenes and saponins were isolated from the rot roots of P. notoginseng. Among them, seven triterpenes, namely, 20(S)-dammar-25-ene-24(S)-hydroperoxyl-3β,6α,12β,20-tetrol (1), 20(S)-dammar-3-oxo-23-ene-25-hydroperoxyl-6α,12β,20-triol (2), 20(S)-dammar-12-oxo-23-ene-25-hydroperoxyl-3β,6α,20-triol (3), 20(S)-dammar-3-oxo-23-ene-25-hydroperoxyl-12β,20-diol (4), 20(S),24(R)-epoxy-3,4-seco-dammar-25-hydroxy-12-one-3-oic acid (5), 20(S),24(R)-epoxy-3,4-seco-dammar-25-hydroxy-12-one-3-oic acid methyl ester (6), and 6α-hydroxy-22,23,24,25,26,27-hexanordammar-3,12,20-trione (7), are new compounds. In addition, 12 known ones (12-16 and 19-25) were reported in Sanqi for the first time. The new Compound 1 showed comparable antiinflammatory activity on inhibition of NO production to the positive control, whereas the known compounds 9, 12, 13, and 16 displayed moderate cytotoxicities against five human cancer cell lines. The results will provide scientific basis for understanding the chemical constituents of Sanqi rot roots and new candidates for searching antiinflammatory and antitumor agents.

Analysis and Prediction of Structural Plane Connectivity in Tunnel based on Digitalizing Image

Shang-qu Sun,Li-Ping Li,Jing Wang,Hong-liang Liu,Zhongdong Fang,Xingzhi Ba 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.23 No.6

The identification of structural plane connectivity is an application problem in rock mass engineering. Theoretically, information of exposed rock mass and its internal borehole is of great significance to predict network of unexcavated rock structural plane, especially in tunnel engineering. In this paper, parameters of structural planes have been obtained through borehole imaging in advance drilling borehole of tunnel face. Furthermore, a geometric discrimination method for the multiple structural plane based on the included angle has been proposed. And then, spatial distribution of the large scale structural plane in the unexcavated rock mass has been recognized by effective assistant techniques. To verify this method, the binocular photogrammetry method has been adopted to investigate the parameters of structural planes during excavation, and then the structural plane model of tunnel face has been constructed. The tunnel face mapping has been compared with that of section of the predicted model. The results showed that included angle identification method based on three boreholes is highly reliable and can be used to accurately construct the deterministic structural plane network in front of the tunnel face.