DIF와 시토키닌의 상호작용이 포도의 기내생장에 끼치는 영향

김선규,김승희,조현정 충북대학교 첨단원예기술개발연구센터 1999 연구보고서 Vol.4 No.-

주야간 온도 변화(DIF)와 시토키닌의 상호작용이 포도의 기내생장에 끼치는 영향을 구명하여 포도의 기내 대량증식체계를 확립하기 위하여 유럽종 양조용 품종 'Cabernet Sauvignon'과 생식용 구미잡종 'Campbell Early' 포도를 공시하여 metal halide lamp와 형광등으로 210μmolㆍm-2ㆍs-1의 광량자속밀도, 상대습도 70±5%, 16시간 광주기로 조절된 생육상에서 일련의 시험을 수행하였다. 주야간 온도는 25/25, 25/18, 18/25℃로 설정하였고, 시토키닌은 zeatin, kinetin, 2ip, BA및 TDZ를 단용 처리하였다. 모든 시험은 3반복으로 실시하였으며, 4주 후 생장과 분지, 그리고 생체중을 조사하였다. Cabernet Sauvignon 에서는 DIF처리와 상관없이 대조구가 신초의 생장이 가장 좋았는데 -7DIF에서 생장이 전반적으로 나빴다. 그리고 BA와 TDZ처리는 DIF에 영향을 크게 받지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 0DIF는 시토키닌의 농도가 높을수록 생장이 다소 좋은 경향을 나타냈고, kinetin 10mM은 87mm로 대조구를 제외한 시토키닌 처리구 가운데에서 가장 높았다. Campbell Early 에서 -7DIF에서는 Zeatin 5mM처리가 162mm로 대조구의 112mm 보다 생장이 좋았으며 +7DIF에서 kinetin 5mM처리가 110mm로 가장 좋았다. 0DIF에서는 Zeatin 5mM 처리가 162mm로 대조구보다 약 2배 정도 높은 생장을 보였다. Cabernet Sauvignon에서 분지수는 DIF처리와 관계없이 대조구는 1개가 분지 되었으며 모든 DIF처리에서 신초의 생장이 적었던 BA와 TDZ처리에서 분지가 많았다. 0, +7DIF에서는 BA 10mM처리가 약 4개로 나타났으며 -7DIF처리는 TDZ 5mM처리에서 가장 많았다. Zeatin, 2ip와 kinetin 처리는 분지가 되지 않은 것으로 나타났다. Campbell Early 에서도 같은 결과였다. 총절편체수는 Cabernet Sauvignon에서는 모든 DIF처리에서 BA 10mM 처리가 가장 많았다. 신초생장이 좋았던 CT와 Zeatin, 2ip, kinetin 보다 생장은 적었지만 분지수가 많았던 BA와 TDZ처리에서 총절편체수가 많은 것으로 나타났다. Campbell Early 역시 Cabernet Sauvignon과 비슷한 경향을 나타냈으며, 0DIF처리가 -, +7DIF처리보다는 절편체수가 많은 것으로 나타났다. Cabernet Sauvignon에서는 -7DIF처리에서 대체로 200mg 이하로 적었으며 시토키닌의 종류에 차이도 크지 않았다. 0DIF처리는 2ip 10mM 처리가 가장 높았으며, +7DIF에서는 TDZ 5mM이 대조구와 비슷하게 380mg을 나타냈다. Campbell Early는 +7DIF처리에서 BA 5mM을 제외한 나머지 모든 처리구에서 대조구보다 높게 나타났고 2ip 10mM이 410mg으로 가장 높았다. 0DIF처리는 Zeatin 5와 2ip 10mM처리가 900, 840mg으로 대조구의 약 8배에 달했으며, kinetin 10mM처리가 가장 낮게 나타났다. -7DIF처리에서 모든 처리구가 대조구보다 높았으나 다른 DIF처리보다는 낮았다. Shoot growth, number of shoots and fresh weight of Vitis vinifera L.'Cabernet Sauvignon' and Vitis labruscana B. 'Campbell Early' explants under three DIF levels, -7, 0 and +7, 210μmolㆍm-2ㆍs-1 provided by metal halide and fluorescent lamps, under 16hㆍd-1 photoperiod were studied. Basal MS media were supplemented with 5 and 10 mM BA, TDZ, Zeatin, 2ip, kinetin, respectively. In all media, 2.1gㆍL-1 gelite and 3% sucrose were used and cultured for 4 weeks. Shoot growth was significantly increased by control regardless of DIF in Cabernet Sauvignon and was suppressed by -7DIF. Effects of BA and TDZ were not affected by DIF. 0DIF enhanced the growth with increasing cytokinin level. Kinetin at 10 mM was most effective for shoot growth with 87mm among cytokinins used except for control. Zeatin and kinetin each at 5 mM significantly increased shoot growth to respective 162 and 110mm. In 0DIF, double increase of 162 mm was obtained by 5 mM zeatin. In control, no further shoot proliferation was observed in Cabernet Sauvignon regardless of DIF. In 0 and +7DIF, 4 shoots were observed with 10 mM BA. Zeatin, 2ip, and kinetin resulted in poor shoot proliferation. BA at 10 mM resulted in profuse branching in all DIFs.

시토키닌의 종류와 농도가 포도의 기내생장에 미치는 영향

金昇熙,金善圭 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1998 農業科學硏究 Vol.15 No.-

Shoot tips and node segments derived from cuttings of four grape cultivars (Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, S. 9110, Sheridan) were cultured in vitro on MS media supplemented with varying levels of cytokinins (1.0 and 3.0 mg/L BA, kinetin, and 2-iP, 0.1 and 1.0 mg/L zeatin, 0.01 and 0.1mg/L thidiazuron). Shoot growth of 'S. 9110' and 'Sheridan' was quite normal at 1.0 mg/L BA while that of 'Cabernet Sauvignon' and 'Chardonnay' was enhanced in 1.0 mg/L zeatin. Shoot multiplication was favored by BA for 4 grape cultivars, but varietal differences were noted in optimal concentration, showing abundant shoot proliferation at 3.0 mg/L with 'Cabernet Sauvignon' and 'S. 9110' or at 1.0 mg/L with 'Chardonnay' and 'Sheridan'. Varying levels of callus were formed according to cultivar and cytokinins except 'Chardonnay' which failed to form callus. Rhizogenesis was recognized in all cultivars tested, and zeatin and 2-iP were most favorable for root formation. Simultaneous root and callus formation were not noted. Total plantlet weight of 'Cabernet Sauvignon', 'Chardonnay' and 'S. 9110' was higher at 1.0mg/L BA, but that of 'Sheridan' was higher at 3.0 mg/L BA.

마늘 製劑와 메리트靑 處理가 促成栽培 葡萄의 發芽와 成熟에 미치는 影響

김선규,김승희 충북대학교 한국과학재단 지정 첨단원예기술개발 연구센터 1997 연구보고서 Vol.2 No.-

마늘즙, 마늘즙의 에탄올 및 에틸 에테르 추출물, 양파즙, 양파즙의 에탄올 추출물, 마늘즙 및 마늘즙 에탄올 추출물과 메리트청 혼합물, 양파즙 및 양파즙 에탄올 추출물과 메리트청 혼합물, 그리고 메리트청 처리가 대봉과 델라웨어 포도의 발아, 개화 및 성숙에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 발아기에 가장 큰 영향을 끼친 처리는 메리트청으로 단용, 혼용 모두 발아 촉진에 효과적이었다. 델라웨어의 조기가온 시험에서는 메리트청 단용처리, 후기가온에서는 메리트청 혼용처리가 발아기와 발아기간의 단축에 효과적이었으나, 발아율은 높지 않았다. 대봉에서도, 메리트청 처리구에서 발아가 일렀고, 2회처리가 1회처리보다 더 효과적이었다.발아율은 조기가온구에서 높았고, 후기가온구에서는 낮았다. 대봉에서는 델라웨어보다 가온 개시기의 차이가 발아에 더 큰 영향을 주었다. 개화기를 보면, 델라웨어에서는 메리트청 단용, 혼용 1, 2회처리가 모두 개화기를 앞당겼으며, 1, 2회의 차이는 크기 않았다. 조기가온에서는 2회처리에서 발아기 차이가 10일이었으며, 1회처리는 7일이었고, 후기가온에서는 1회처리에서 9일, 2회처리에서 6일이었다. 개화기간의 차이는 2-3일 밖에 되지 않았다. 대봉의 조기가온 및 후가가온구에서는 메리트청 혼용구에서, 특히 1회보다 2회처리로 개화기가 더 단축되었다. 개화기간은 2-4일로 길지 않았다. 수확기를 보면, 델라웨어 조기가온구에서 1회처리에서는 메리트청과 마늘즙 혼용구, 2회처리에서 단용구에서 수확기가 대조구보다 각각 13, 11일 단축되었다. 모든 처리구에서 대조구보다 수확이 일렀고, 수확기간은 2-3일이었다. 후기가온에서는 1회처리에서 마늘즙 에탄올 추출물과 메리트청 혼용구에서, 2회처리는 양파즙에서 5일 일렀고, 수확기간은 2일로 짧았다. 대봉 조기가온에서는 1, 2회처리 모두 대조구와 다른 처리구 사이에 큰 차이가 없었으며, 수확기간도 비슷하였다. 후기가온에서는 1, 2회 모두 메리트청 단용 및 혼용 처리구에서 수확기가 일렀으며, 특히 2회처리에서 양파즙 에탄올 추출물과 메리트청 혼용구가 대조구보다 12일 앞당겨진 것이 특징적이었다. 수확기간은 큰 차이가 없었다. Effects of garlic juice(GJ) and the extracts of ethanol(GJAE) and ether(GJEE), onion juice(OJ) and the ethanol extract(OJAE), garlic juice+Merit Blue(GJ+MB), ethanol extract of garlic juice+Merit Blue(GJAE+MB), onion juice+Merit Blue(OJ+MB), ethanol extract of onion+Merit Blue(OJAE+MB), and Merit Blue(MB) on budbreak, flowering, and maturity of Delaware and Daebong grapes were studied. MB alone or in combination was most effective for dormancy breaking. MB alone and in combination were effective for hastening the budbreak in respective early and late forcing culture in Delaware. But % budbreak was decreased by the treatments. In Daebong grapes, MB also hastened the budbreak, and double application was more effective. Percent budbreak was higher in early forcing than late forcing. And the beginning of the heating was more crucial for budbreak in Daebong than in Delaware. Flowering in Delaware was hastened by single or double application of MB. Differences in flowering date for early and late forcing were 10 and 6 days in double application, and 9 days in single application, respectively. In early and late forcing of Daebong grapes, the double application of MB in combination was most effective for hastening flowering. Harvest date of early forcing Delaware was hastened by all treatments, and single application of GJ+MB and double application of MB were more effective with respective hastening of 13 and 11 days. For late forcing, single application of GJAE+MB and double application of OJ were effective. Although there were no significant differences in harvest date among treatments and number of applications in early forcing of Daebong, single and double applications of MB alone and in combination, especially double application of OJAE+MB hastened the harvest date in late forcing culture.

경기지역 노인요양병원 서비스 질평가 관련연구

이선희,김주형 한국의료QA학회 2006 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.13 No.2

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine correlation between quality of hospital service and structural dimension(foundation classification, the size of institution, the number of doctor, nurse, nursing assistants, care helper), and to evaluate correlation between quality of hospital service and process dimension(hospital service) Method : This study is designed by measuring structural dimension and process dimension using questionnaire about institution valuables and hospital service made by Heath Insurance review agency The data were collected from 40 long term care hospitals from 6th April to 25th May, 2007. Result : First, when the foundation classification is public, the number of doctor per patient, and the number of nurse per patient is the highest. but is not significant statistically(p=0.07). Second, Mean score of hospital service to prevent pressure sore is 11.83 out of 15 and mean score of hospital service to treat pressure sore is 15.75 out of 20. The number of nursing per patient resulted in the gab of hospital service.Third, when the foundation classification is public, the incidence of pressure sore is the lowest. The number of nursing per patient resulted in the gab of hospital service but didn't make difference in the quality of hospital service among long term care hospitals. hospital service result in difference in incidence of pressure sore, but is not significant statistically. Conclusion : According to the result, the quality gab among long term care hospitals resulted from foundation classification and the size of institution. In case of long term care hospital, it suggests the more public institutions should be expanded than private and the size of long term care hospitals is an important factor. the more the number of nurse is, the more the hospital services are, but, substantially, services provided by nurse didn't affect the outcome of patient health. hospital services should be more improved to make change outcomes of patiens. Finally, To get quality assurance, proper manpower and appropriate payment of long term hospital should be guaranteed to improve nursing performance.

Detection and Isolation of SARS-CoV-2 in Serum, Urine, and Stool Specimens of COVID-19 Patients from the Republic of Korea

Kim Jeong-Min,Kim Heui Man,Lee Eun Jung,Jo Hye Jun,Yoon Youngsil,Lee Nam-Joo,Son Junseock,Lee Ye-Ji,Kim Mi Seon,Lee Yong-Pyo,Chae Su-Jin,Park Kye Ryeong,Cho Seung-Rye,Park Sehee,Kim Su Jin,Wang Eunbye 질병관리본부 2020 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.11 No.3

Objectives Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) is a respiratory infection characterized by the main symptoms of pneumonia and fever. It is caused by the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is known to spread via respiratory droplets. We aimed to determine the rate and likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from COVID-19 patients through non-respiratory routes. Methods Serum, urine, and stool samples were collected from 74 hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19 based on the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory samples. The SARS-CoV-2 RNA genome was extracted from each specimen and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction performed. CaCo-2 cells were inoculated with the specimens containing the SARS-COV-2 genome, and subcultured for virus isolation. After culturing, viral replication in the cell supernatant was assessed. Results Of the samples collected from 74 COVID-19 patients, SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 15 serum, urine, or stool samples. The virus detection rate in the serum, urine, and stool samples were 2.8% (9/323), 0.8% (2/247), and 10.1% (13/129), and the mean viral load was 1,210 ± 1,861, 79 ± 30, and 3,176 ± 7,208 copy/µL, respectively. However, the SARS-CoV-2 was not isolated by the culture method from the samples that tested positive for the SARS-CoV-2 gene. Conclusion While the virus remained detectable in the respiratory samples of COVID-19 patients for several days after hospitalization, its detection in the serum, urine, and stool samples was intermittent. Since the virus could not be isolated from the SARS-COV-2-positive samples, the risk of viral transmission via stool and urine is expected to be low.

Effects of Auxins and Cytokinins on Callus Induction from Leaf Blade, Petiole, and Stem Segments of in Vitro-grown 'Sheridan' Grape Shoots

Kim, Seung-Heui,Kim, Seon-Kyu 충북대학교 첨단원예기술개발연구센터 2000 연구보고서 Vol.5 No.-

포도 캘러스와 세포현탁배양을 통한 안토시아닌의 기내 대량생산체계를 확립하기 위하여 일련의 실험을 수행하였다. 캘러스 형성을 위한 신초 부위별(엽육, 엽병, 절간) 옥신(2,4, NAA, IAA) 단용 실험에서는 0.5 mgㆍL-1이상의 2,4-D에서 캘러스가 유기되었으며, 특히 2.0 mgㆍL-1 2,4-D에서는 캘러스 형성률이 거의 100%였다. IAA는 2.0 mgㆍL-1에서만 캘러스가 유기되었으며, NAA에서는 전혀 유기되지 않았다. 옥신과 시토키닌을 혼용했을 때에는 캘러스가 모든 처리구에서 유기되었으며, 줄기 절편과 고당구(高糖區)에서 유도되었으나, 캘러스의 품질은 잎조직에서 가장 좋았다. 특히 NAA와 BA 조합에서 캘러스 형성률은거의 100%이었다. To establish in vitro mass production system of grape anthocyanin pigments through callus and cell suspension culture, effects of various compositional and environmental factors were studied. For the production of friable callus, 2,4-D was superior to other regulators. IAA at 2 mgㆍL-1 induced callus from stem and petiole while NAA resulted in rooting. Callus induction rate increased with the 2,4-D level, and stem segments were superior to leaf blade or petiole, reaching nearly 100% with 1 and 2 mgㆍL-1 2,4-D from petiole and stem. Combined treatments of 2,4-D + kinetin, and NAA + BA also yielded friable callus from stem segments. In treatments with 1 mgㆍL-1 2,4-D + 1 mgㆍL-1 kinetin and 1 mgㆍL-1 NAA + 1 mgㆍL-1 BA, callus induction rate was nearly 100%. The combination effect of 2,4-D and BA on anthocyanin production was not significant. The optimum concentration of NAA and BA for cell growth was found to be 0.05 and 0.01 mgㆍL-1, respectively, and combination of 1.0 mgㆍL-1 NAA and 0.1 mgㆍL-1 BA was suitable for anthocyanin production. The average anthocyanin content with 1 mgㆍL-1 NAA and 0.5 mgㆍL-1 BA was 318.6 μgㆍg-1 of fresh cell. The cell growth increased at lower BA concentration while anthocyanin production was influenced by higher NAA and BA concentrations.

Expression of Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcripts During Low Temperature Treatments in Grapevines

( Seon Ae Kim ),( Soon Young Ahn ),( Seung Heui Kim ),( Jeom Hwa Han ),( Hae Keun Yun ) 한국육종학회 2014 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.2 No.2

The differential expression of six basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) genes in response to low temperatures was studied by evaluating their mRNA levels in the buds and shoots of grapevines. Comparison of the amino acid sequences deduced from nucleotide sequences of the bHLH genes in Vitis labruscana transcripts revealed homologies ranging from 58.8% (VlCEbHLH1 and VlCEbHLH4) to 8.2% (VvbHLH and VlCEbHLH3). Specific primers from unique regions of genes were obtained by alignment of nucleotide sequences and used to evaluate differential expression patterns of bHLH genes. The accumulation patterns of bHLH mRNAs were induced differentially and dependent on the treated temperatures, -20℃ in the buds and -2℃and 4 ℃in the shoots of ‘Campbell Early’ and ‘Muscat Baily A’ grapevines. The bHLH genes showed differential expression patterns in response to low temperatures. In ‘Campbell Early’, the expression of VlCEbHLH1, VlCEbHLH2, and VlCEbHLH5 was up-regulated, while VlCEbHLH3 was down-regulated in response to -20℃ cold stress. In ‘Muscat Bailey A’, the expression of all genes was rapidly up-regulated, peaking at 6 h, then decreasing at 12 h after treatment.

Suppression of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory and Oxidative Response by 5-Aminolevulinic Acid in RAW 264.7 Macrophages and Zebrafish Larvae

( Seon Yeong Ji ),( Hee-Jae Cha ),( Ilandarage Menu Neelaka Molagoda ),( Min Yeong Kim ),( So Young Kim ),( Hyun Hwangbo ),( Hyesook Lee ),( Gi-Young Kim ),( Do-Hyung Kim ),( Jin Won Hyun ),( Heui-Soo 한국응용약물학회 2021 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.29 No.6

In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), a heme precursor, on inflammatory and oxidative stress activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in RAW 264.7 macrophages by estimating nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), cytokines, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). We also evaluated the molecular mechanisms through analysis of the expression of their regulatory genes, and further evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant efficacy of ALA against LPS in the zebrafish model. Our results indicated that ALA treatment significantly attenuated the LPS-induced release of pro-inflammatory mediators including NO and PGE2, which was associated with decreased inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression. ALA also inhibited the LPS-induced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6, reducing their extracellular secretion. Additionally, ALA abolished ROS generation, improved the mitochondrial mass, and enhanced the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and the activation of nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. However, zinc protoporphyrin, a specific inhibitor of HO-1, reversed the ALA-mediated inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines production and activation of mitochondrial function in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, ALA significantly abolished the expression of LPS-induced pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines, and showed strong protective effects against NO and ROS production in zebrafish larvae. In conclusion, our findings suggest that ALA exerts LPS-induced anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects by upregulating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, and that ALA can be a potential functional agent to prevent inflammatory and oxidative damage.

Parentage Identification of 'Daebong' Grape (Vitis spp.) Using RAPD Analysis

Kim, Seung-Heui,Jeong, Jae-Hun,Kim, Seon-Kyu,Paek, Kee-Yoeup The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2002 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.4 No.2

The RAPD data were used to assess genetic similarity among f grape cultivars. Of the 100 random primers tested on genomic DNA, 10 primers could be selected for Benetic analysis, and the selected primers generated a total of 115 distinct amplification fragments. A similarity matrix was constructed on the basis of the presence or absence of bands. The 7 grape cultivars analyzed with UPGMA were clustered into two groups of A and B. The similarity coefficient value of cultivars was high. The mean similarity index for all pairwise comparisons was 0.851, and ranged from 0.714 ('Rosaki' and 'Black Olympia') to 0.988 ('Kyoho' and 'Daebong'). After due consideration of differences in cultural and morphological characteristics of these two theoretically identical cultivars, it could be deduced that 'Daebong' is a bud sport of 'Kyoho' cultivar.

Effects of 2,4-D, BA, and Sucrose on Growth, Production of Anthocyanin, pH, and Sugar Content in 'Sheridan' Grape Cell Suspension Cultures

Kim, Seung-Heui,Kim, Seon-Kyu The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2002 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.4 No.2

To elucidate the effect of sucrose on cell growth and anthocyanin production, 1, 3, 5, and 7% sucrose were applied to liquid MS basal medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L BA + 0.1 and 1 mg/L 2,4-D. Higher sucrose concentration decreased the cell growth regardless of the hormonal composition. Cain in fresh weight was gradual, showing the peak at day 12 in culture, and then decreased. Anthocyanin content increased with sucrose concentration in the medium, and practically there was no difference in anthocyanin content between the two media differing in 2,4-D content. Sucrose concentration for appropriate anthocyanin production was 7%, while 5% was more suitable for increase in total anthocyanin content. At higher sucrose levels, anthocyanin content was high due to the cessation of the cell growth. Medium pH decreased at the early stage and gradually increased thereafter.