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The Narrative Implications in Muriel Spark’s Novels
( Kim¸ Heesun ) 한국현대영어영문학회 2021 현대영어영문학 Vol.65 No.3
Muriel Spark's many novels are about limited and oppressed human life, and often show attempts to rise above death while recognizing it. Also, she warns that in the postmodern society where technology and materialism prevail, the bond of evil between humans and society is becoming stronger. Muriel Spark believes that human evil in system society is caused by passive conformity to social structure and that unconditional adaption to religious doctrine without awareness can lead to the egomaniac totalitarian obsession. The author's conversion to Catholicism in 1954 greatly influenced her art world by introducing a holistic view and the prolepsis of the novel. For her, Job's ordeal reflects the evil structure of modern society, and Job's salvation is an ironic blessing rather than the salvation Job expected. In her postmodern faith, the self-reflective troubled identifies are often expressed as the form of quirks and they constantly collide with others under the fear of death. However, it is balanced in the form of art by the holistic view of religion, and by this Cosmic Person, the ethics of engagement and empathy is ironically blessed. (Myungji Callege)
Tunable Emission of Bluish Zn-Cu-Ga-S Quantum Dots by Mn Doping and Their Electroluminescence
Kim, Jong-Hoon,Kim, Kyung-Hye,Yoon, Suk-Young,Kim, Yuri,Lee, Sun-Hyoung,Kim, Hyun-Sik,Yang, Heesun American Chemical Society 2019 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.11 No.8
<P>On the basis of bluish-emitting double-shelled quantum dots (QDs) of Zn-Cu-Ga-S (ZCGS)/ZnS/ZnS, Mn doping into ZCGS host with different Mn/Cu concentrations is implemented via surface adsorption and lattice diffusion. The resulting double-shelled Mn-doped ZCGS (ZCGS/Mn) QDs exhibit a distinct Mn<SUP>2+ 4</SUP>T<SUB>1</SUB>-<SUP>6</SUP>A<SUB>1</SUB> emission as a consequence of effective lattice incorporation simultaneously with host intragap states-involving emissions of free-to-bound and donor-acceptor pair recombinations. The relative contribution of Mn emission to the overall photoluminescence (PL) is consistently proportional to its concentration, resulting in tunable PL from bluish, white, to reddish white. Regardless of Mn doping and its concentration, all QDs possess high PL quantum yield levels of 74-79%. Those undoped and doped QDs are then employed as an emitting layer (EML) of all-solution-processed QD-light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) with hybrid charge transport layers and their electroluminescence (EL) is compared. Compared to undoped QDs, doped analogues give rise to a huge spectral disparity of EL versus PL, specifically showing a near-complete quenching of Mn<SUP>2+</SUP> EL. This unexpected observation is rationalized primarily by considering unbalanced carrier injection to QD EML on the basis of energetic alignment of the present QLED and rapid trapping of holes injected at intragap states of QDs.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
An Effect of HTS Wire Configuration on Quench Recovery Time in a Resistive SFCL
Heesun Kim,Ji-Young Lee,Hye-Rim Kim,Seong-Eun Yang,Seung-Duck Yu,Woo-Seok Kim,Ok-Bae Hyun,Junseok Ko,Hankil Yeom IEEE 2013 IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity Vol.23 No.3
<P>We experimentally investigated the correlation between the high-temperature superconducting (HTS) wires configuration in an HTS element and recovery time after quench in a resistive superconducting fault current limiter. The variables of the configuration are horizontal and vertical gap distances between HTS tapes in an element. Eight samples were made with different gap distances and tested. A SUS-stabilized YBCO tape with 4.4 mm width had been used in the experiment. It was cooled by LN2 in a cryostat under the pressure of 1 bar, saturated state. In the short-circuit test, the temperature of the wire's surface was measured. Recovery time of the HTS sample increased with decreasing horizontal and vertical gap distance due to stagnation of bubbles. When the gap distance was larger than a size of a bubble, the effect of gap distance was ignorable. Considering a volume and recovery time, the sample that has narrower gap distance was favorable.</P>
MinKyoung Kim,NamSun Kim,HyunJung Kwon,SungYong Ha,HeeSun Kim,JongWon Kim 한국예방수의학회 2019 예방수의학회지 Vol.43 No.2
A simple and fast analytical method based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed for detection of the veterinary drugs acetanilide, anthranilic acid, antipyrine, cyproheptadine, diphenhydramine, DLmethylephedrine, and phenacetin in bovine milk. The target analytes were extracted from milk samples by using acetonitrile followed by clean-up with C18 and liquid-liquid purification with saturated n-hexane. A reverse-phase analytical column was employed with a mobile phase comprising (A) 0.1% formic acid in distilled water and (B) 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile to achieve the best chromatographic separation. Matrix-matched calibration curves (r2 ≥ 0.9986) were constructed using six concentrations (1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 40 μg/kg) of drugs in the milk matrix. Recoveries at three drug-spiking levels (5, 10, and 20 μg/kg) ranged from 71.2% to 103.8% with intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviation (RSD) values of ≤ 8.6%. The calculated limits of quantification (LOQ) were 0.19-7.1 μg/kg.
합직교분해와 CFD 모델의 기계학습을 이용한 석탄화력보일러 차수축소모델 개발
김희선(Heesun Kim),김진수(Jinsoo Kim),남윤민(Yunmin Nam),이창민(Changmin Lee),김범신(Bum-Shin Kim) 대한기계학회 2021 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2021 No.11
Coal-fired power plants are experiencing sudden change due to energy mix transition. This change brings many challenges in terms of operation to maintain reliability and efficiency. A power plant digital twin being developed by KEPCO is a virtual plant to solve the issues, which consists of a turbine and a boiler twin. CFD is required to predict boiler status, but it takes long time. In this research, POD and machine learning has been used to construct a reduced-order model of tangential-firing supercritical boiler to achieve moderate accuracy and high speed calculation. Four independent variables was determined as boundary condition of the CFD model, and results have been obtained for 35 cases sampled through LHS. Eigenvectors were calculated by SVD from a snapshot matrix of the temperature of each cases. After obtaining the coefficients of the vectors, a prediction model was created through machine learning. Reconstructed values was confirmed to be under 10% MSE for each node.
Cho, Seongeun,Kim, Youngjun,Kim, Minkyoing,Kim, Jin-A.,Kim, Kihyun,Park, Yujin,Han, Soojin,Han, Chang-Yeol,Kim, Jong-Hoon,Hwang, Jun Yeon,Park, Jun-Young,Kim, Eugene,Yang, Heesun,Park, Byoungnam Elsevier 2017 Solar energy materials and solar cells Vol.164 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We demonstrate that, through formation of Zn<SUB>1−x</SUB>Mg<SUB>x</SUB>O nanocrystal solid solution (NCSS) coupled with lead sulfide (PbS) nanocrystal (NC) of different size, optoelectronic properties of a donor-acceptor energy harvesting assembly can be probed and tuned. In the ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PbS/Zn<SUB>1−x</SUB>Mg<SUB>x</SUB>O/Al arrangement as a photovoltaic test probe, simultaneous tuning of Zn<SUB>1−x</SUB>Mg<SUB>x</SUB>O NC solid solution (NCSS) and PbS NC in a narrow range in the energy levels is achieved altering the open circuit voltage and the short circuit current as measures of donor/acceptor interfacial electronic properties. With the Mg composition increasing, the energy band gap of the Zn<SUB>1−x</SUB>Mg<SUB>x</SUB>O NCSS (acceptor) increases with its conduction band edge becoming closer to the lowest occupied molecular orbital level of the PbS NC (donor), increasing splitting of quasi-Fermi energy levels in the electron donor/acceptor assembly under illumination. More amount of Mg in the NCSS leads to transition from an energy level limited regime to a trap-induced charge transport limited regime, evidenced by a simultaneous decrease in the open circuit voltage and the short circuit current. This new finding provides insights of trade-off between the energy level off-set and the trap-induced charge transport degradation in engineering interfacial charge transfer and transport via formation of NCSS in integrating modern electronic devices.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Simultaneous tuning of Zn<SUB>1−x</SUB>Mg<SUB>x</SUB>O NCSS and PbS NC in a narrow range is achieved. </LI> <LI> Formation of NCSS at a very narrow range has a dramatic effect on the interfacial properties. </LI> <LI> Subtle amount of doping in the NCSS leads to transition from an energy level limited to a transport limited regime. </LI> </UL> </P>