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Review of Domestic and Foreign Legal Status and Issues of Conscientious Objection to Abortion
Hannah,Moon,Myung-Hee Kim 이화여자대학교 생명의료법연구소 2019 Asia Pacific Journal of Health Law & Ethics Vol.12 No.3
In accordance with Article 15 of the Medical Service Act , medical personnel or a founder of a medical institution may not, upon receiving a request for medical treatment or assistance in childbirth, refuse to render his/her service without ‘any justifiable ground’in Korea. However, conscientious objection to abortion became a hot topic, as gynecologists who were unable to perform abortion in accordance with their religious and conscientious beliefs asked to recognize their right to veto after the Constitutional Court ruling on the punishment for abortion. It is forbidden to arbitrarily deny a medical provider a medical act. but conscientious and religious freedom of all people should be guaranteed. So it is also necessary to discuss the appropriateness of the range of conscientious objection for specific medical practices. As a based from the data, this paper summarizes the current status of the United States, Ireland, Italy, France, Germany, the United Kingdom and Canada, which guarantee the conscientious objection of medical providers to abortion in the form of medical law, special law and guidelines. And through this work, we have drawn up issues that require social consensus for domestic legalization. We hope that the discussion on conscientious objection to the realization of the rights of both the patient and the health care provider will be initiated through social consensus on these issues.
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Hannah Kim(김한나),Hyun A Kim(김현아),Tae-guen Son(손태근),Hyunchul Cho(조현철),Jerome Charton(샤통 제롬),Woo Shik Jeong(정우식),Jong Woo Choi(최종우),Youngjun Kim(김영준) 대한기계학회 2017 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2017 No.11
Orbital wall is the thinnest bone that surrounds eyeballs. When there is an external force to mid-upper face, it is blown out to protect the eye from the pressure. Orbital fracture is a common traumatic deformity, but it can cause not only functional problems, but also esthetical problems such as exophthalmos or enophthalmus, and diplopia. The surgeon corrects eyeball position by placing plates to the fractured sites, but limited intra-operative view and complex anatomy make it difficult. 3D surgical software systems have been used for seeming the patient safety and getting reliable outcomes. However, these are not specialized for the surgery and time-consuming manual works are needed frequently. Thus, we propose a virtual surgical planning and implant design system. We focus on increasing usability by automated functions and minimized user interaction. There are four main modules in the proposed system. First, 3D patient’s model is automatically reconstructed from CT data, and the next, the fractured region is detected and visualized by registration of both orbits. Based on the detected area, patient-specific implant is designed using template models. After the surgery, pre-and post-operative 3D models can be compared and analyzed by using synchronized dual view, measurement tools and visualization of the difference of both models. We performed visual inspection for 3D modeling and fractured detection. As a result, the orbital wall of 3D facial model is properly reconstructed without unnecessary holes and the detected regions include real fractured sites properly. The average processing time takes about 4 minutes. In comparison with conventional systems, ours covers most functions and has strengths for automated functions such as orbital wall segmentation and fracture detection. We expect that the automated and optimized functions can reduce pre-operation time and improved surgical outcomes can be derived by using patient-specific 3D printed implant.
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김한나(Hannah Kim),김영준(Youngjun Kim),조현철(Hyunchul Cho),심응준(Eung June Shim),이득희(Deukhee Lee),김래현(Laehyun Kim),박세형(Sehyung Park),이정우(Jung-Woo Lee) (사)한국CDE학회 2016 한국CDE학회 논문집 Vol.21 No.2
In this paper, we propose a virtual surgical planning system specialized to mandible reconstruction surgery. Mandible reconstruction surgery is one of the most difficult surgeries, even for experienced surgeons. Compared to the traditional surgical procedures, virtual surgical planning can reduce the operation time in operating room while expecting better surgical outcome with optimized planning. However, with existing software systems, it requires much time and manual operations in virtual surgical planning. To reduce preparation time and improve accuracy of virtual surgical planning, we have developed optimized functions for virtual surgical simulation of mandible reconstruction with user-friendly interface. We found that the proposed system shortened the preparation time by half compared to the existing system from the experiments. The proposed system supports surgeons to make accurate plan faster and easier. The virtually planned results are used to make surgical cutting guide by 3D printing, and this will enhance surgical performance in operating room.
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Kwon, Hannah,Lim, Ju Won,Han, Jinyoung,Quan, Li Na,Kim, Dawoon,Shin, Eun-Sol,Kim, Eunah,Kim, Dong-Wook,Noh, Yong-Young,Chung, In,Kim, Dong Ha Royal Society of Chemistry 2019 Nanoscale Vol.11 No.41
<P>Designing an efficient and stable hole transport layer (HTL) material is one of the essential ways to improve the performance of organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, for the first time, an efficient model of a hole transport material (HTM) is demonstrated by optimized doping of a conjugated polymer TFB (poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(4,4′-(<I>N</I>-(4-<I>sec</I>-butylphenyl)diphenylamine)]) with a non-hygroscopic p-type dopant F4-TCNQ (2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane) for high-efficiency PSCs. The PSC with the F4-TCNQ doped TFB exhibits the best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.46%, which surpasses that of the reference devices, <I>i.e.</I>, 16.64 (LiTFSI + TBP-doped Spiro-OMeTAD as the HTM) and 11.01% (LiTFSI + TBP-doped TFB as the HTM). F4-TCNQ doped TFB was believed to favor efficient charge and energy transfer between the perovskite and the hole transport layer and to reduce charge recombination as evidenced by steady-state photoluminescence (PL) and time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) analysis. Moreover, the hydrophobic nature of F4-TCNQ contributed to enhancing the stability of the device under ambient conditions with a RH of 45%. The device reported herein retained <I>ca.</I> 80% of its initial efficiency after 10 days, significantly superior to both LiTFSI + TBP-doped Spiro-OMeTAD (<I>ca.</I> 30%) and LiTFSI + TBP-doped TFB (<I>ca.</I> 10%) based counterparts. This simple yet novel strategy paves the way for demonstrating a promising route for a wide range of highly efficient solar cells and other photovoltaic applications.</P>
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( Hyun Sik Kim ),( Hee Man Kim ),( Otgontuya Sambuudash ),( Hannah Jo ),( Kyung Ju Lee ),( Hong Jun Park ),( Jae Woo Kim ),( Mee Yon Cho ),( Hyun Soo Kim ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: As one of the colorectal cancer carcinogenesis, serrated neoplasia pathway is characterized with BRAF mutation and aberrant DNA methylation. Methods: Between 2005 and 2013, 146 colon polyps (47 tubular adenoma [TA], 53 traditional serrated adenoma [TSA], 17 sessile serrated adenoma/polyp [SSA] and 29 hyperplastic polyps in proximal colon [PHP] were collected in Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine. The paraffi n embedded tissues of colon polyps were deparaffi nized, DNA was extracted, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed. BRAF V600E mutation was identifi ed through PCR and pyrosequencing assay, and methylationof LINE-1, IGFBP7, hMLH1, and CD133 was evaluated through disulfi te conversion, PCR, and pyrosequencing assay. Results: BRAF V600E mutation was found in 2.1% of TA, 47.2% of TSA, 41.2% of SSA, and 20.7% of HP. TSA and SSA had higher BRAF mutation than TA (P<0.0001). TSA had higher BRAF mutation than HP (P=0.018). IGFBP7 hypermethylation was found in 17% of TA, 37.7% of TSA, 88.2% of SSA, and 37.5% of HP. TSA and SSA had higher hypermethylation of IGFBP7 than TA (P=0.021 and P<0.0001, respectively). SSA had higher hypermethylation of IGFBP7 than HP (P=0.002). hMLH1 hypermethylation was found in 2.1% of TA, 5.7% of TSA, 0% of SSA, and 0% of HP. CD133 hypermethylation was found in 21.3% of TA, 9.4% of TSA, 35.3% of SSA, and 17.4 % of HP. Conclusions: TSA and SSA have different expression of BRAF V600E mutation and IGFBP7 hypermethylation as compared to TA. HP in proximal colon had different expression of BRAF mutation from TSA, and IGFBP7 hypermethylation from SSA. These fi ndings suggest that TSA and SSA have different genetic alterations from TA or HP.
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Nam, Soo Jeong,Kim, Sehui,Kwon, Dohee,Kim, Hannah,Kim, Soyeon,Lee, Eunyoung,Kim, Tae Min,Heo, Dae Seog,Park, Sung Hye,Lim, Megan S.,Kim, Chul Woo,Jeon, Yoon Kyung TaylorFrancis 2018 Oncoimmunology Vol.7 No.7
<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system (CNS-DLBCL) is an aggressive disease with a poor prognosis. The status of the tumor immune microenvironment in CNS-DLBCL remains unclear. We investigated the prognostic implications of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), regulatory T-cells (Tregs), and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO)<SUP>+</SUP> cells in primary CNS-DLBCL (n = 114) by immunohistochemical analysis. The numbers of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, including CD68<SUP>+</SUP> TAMs, CD163<SUP>+</SUP> or CD204<SUP>+</SUP> M2 macrophages, FOXP3<SUP>+</SUP> Tregs, and IDO<SUP>+</SUP> cells were all significantly lower in CNS-DLBCL versus systemic DLBCL (n = 165; all P < 0.001), but with little difference in the ratio of CD163<SUP>+</SUP>/CD68<SUP>+</SUP> or CD204<SUP>+</SUP>/CD68<SUP>+</SUP> cells. An increase in CD68<SUP>+</SUP> cell numbers was significantly associated with prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival in patients with CNS-DLBCL (P = 0.004 and 0.021, respectively). In contrast, an increase in CD204<SUP>+</SUP> cell numbers or a higher ratio of CD204<SUP>+</SUP>/CD68<SUP>+</SUP> cells was related to a shorter PFS (P = 0.020 and 0.063, respectively). An increase in IDO<SUP>+</SUP> cell numbers was associated with a significantly longer PFS (P = 0.019). In combination, the status of low IDO<SUP>+</SUP> cell numbers combined with low CD68<SUP>+</SUP> cell numbers, high CD204<SUP>+</SUP> cell numbers, or a high CD204<SUP>+</SUP>/CD68<SUP>+</SUP> cell ratio all predicted poor PFS in multivariate analyses. This study showed that an increase in CD204<SUP>+</SUP> cell numbers, suggestive of M2 macrophages, was associated with poor clinical outcome in CNS-DLBCL, whereas increased CD68<SUP>+</SUP> or IDO<SUP>+</SUP> cell numbers were related to a favorable prognosis. The analysis of tumor-infiltrating immune cells could help in predicting the prognosis of CNS-DLBCL patients and determining therapeutic strategies targeting tumor microenvironment.</P>
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( Hannah Kim ),( Woon Jung Cho ),( Kwang Hee Han ) 한국감성과학회 2014 춘계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.-
Active or adaptive camouflage refers to rapid concealment of the self by changing color to match that of the background. Especially in today`s combats in which situation evolves second by second, rapid adjustment to blend into the surroundings is critical for survival. In order to meet such demands, the authors have developed CamouLED, a system that allows real-time adaptation to background. It consists of three major parts: a CMOS camera that reads background scenes, a patterning algorithm that processes the received image and generates a camouflage pattern and an 8 x 8 LED array that displays the generated camouflage pattern. The patterning algorithm contains three color combination strategies (Average, Main, Mosaic) and two pattern arrangement strategies (Arranged, Random). Combination of the two strategies allows generation of total six types of patterns. This study attempted to assess effectiveness of CamouLED as a means of camouflage in real environment. Photo simulation experiment previously conducted by the authors identified Average Random (AR) as the best strategy in the woodland background. In line with this, it was hypothesized that AR would also be a more effective camouflage strategy for CamouLED, compared to Average or Main. The LED array was placed among the bushes. Participants were asked to walk slowly towards the camouflaged target and try to locate it. The starting distance between the target and the participant was 50 meters.
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Toward Serving MOOC Learners Globally: Focusing on Intent to Continue Using K-MOOCs
Hannah Kim,Jeongmin Lee 한국콘텐츠학회(IJOC) 2020 International Journal of Contents Vol.16 No.1
The purpose of the study was to explore the structural relationships between the intent to continue using Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) and its determinants based on the information systems continuance expectation-confirmation model. A total of 156 students from five different universities in Korea completed an online survey. An analysis by structural equation modeling revealed that college students’ intent to continue using K-MOOC is partially supported by the model. Although perceived usefulness and confirmation are strong determinants of satisfaction and intent to continue using information systems in general, confirmation was the only significant predictor of satisfaction, the only significant predictor of intent to continue to use K-MOOC. Written responses on the survey were used to interpret the results. Findings indicate significant effects of confirmation on perceived usefulness, of confirmation on satisfaction, and of satisfaction on intent and insignificant effects of perceived usefulness on satisfaction and perceived usefulness on intent to continue. Substantial implications for future research and practices are discussed.
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CdS/CdSe lateral heterostructure nanobelts by a two-step physical vapor transport method
Kim, Yu Lee,Jung, Jae Hun,Yoon, Hyun Sik,Song, Man Suk,Bae, Se Hwan,Kim, Yong,Chen, Zhi Gang,Zou, Jin,Joyce, Hannah J,Gao, Qiang,Tan, Hark Hoe,Jagadish, Chennupati IOP Pub 2010 Nanotechnology Vol.21 No.14
<P>The two-dimensional heterostructure nanobelts with a central CdSe region and lateral CdS structures are synthesized by a two-step physical vapor transport method. The large growth rate difference between lateral CdS structures on both ± (0001) sides of the CdSe region is found. The growth anisotropy is discussed in terms of the polar nature of the side ± (0001) surfaces of CdSe. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy reveals the CdSe central region covered with non-uniform CdS layer/islands. From micro-photoluminescence measurements, a systematic blueshift of emission energy from the central CdSe region in accordance with the increase of lateral CdS growth temperature is observed. This result indicates that the intermixing rate in the CdSe region with CdS increases with the increase of lateral CdS growth temperature. In conventional CdSSe ternary nanostructures, morphology and emission wavelength were correlated parameters. However, the morphology and emission wavelength are independently controllable in the CdS/CdSe lateral heterostructure nanobelts. This structure is attractive for applications in visible optoelectronic devices. </P>
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