ATP6V0d2 Suppresses Alveoli Macrophage Alternative Polarization and Allergic Asthma via Degradation of PU.1

Liu Na,Feng Yuchen,Liu Huicheng,Wu Wenliang,Liang Yuxia,Li Pingfei,Wei Zhengping,Wu Min,Tang Zhao-Hui,Han Junyan,Cheng Xiang,Liu Zheng,Laurence Arian,Li Huabin,Zhen Guohua,Yang Xiang-Ping 대한천식알레르기학회 2021 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.13 No.3

Purpose Macrophages are important regulators of environmental allergen-induced airway inflammation and asthma. ATP6V0d2 is a subunit of vacuolar ATPase highly expressed in macrophages. However, the functions of ATP6V0d2 in the regulation of pathogenesis of allergic asthma remain unclear. The aim of this study is to determine the function and related molecular mechanisms of macrophage protein ATP6V0d2 in allergic asthma. Methods We compared the disease severity between female C57BL/6 wild-type and ATP6V0d2−/− mice in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma model. We also investigated the association of expression of ATP6V0d2, PU.1 and CCL17 with disease severity among asthmatic patients. Results The expression of ATP6V0d2 in sputum cells of asthmatic patients and in the lungs of OVA-challenged mice was enhanced compared to healthy subjects and their counterparts, respectively. However, ATP6V0d2-deficient mice exaggerated inflammatory cell infiltration as well as enhanced alternative activated macrophage (AAM) polarization and mucus production in an OVA-induced asthma model. Furthermore, we found that Atp6v0d2 promoted lysosomal degradation of Pu.1, which induced AAM polarization and Ccl17 production. Among asthma patients, ATP6V0d2 expression was inversely associated with disease severity, whereas PU.1 and CCL17 expression was positively associated with disease severity. Conclusions Our results identify macrophage Atp6v0d2, as an induced feedback inhibitor of asthma disease severity by promoting Pu.1 lysosomal degradation, which may in turn leads to reduced AAM polarization and Ccl17 production.

A Highly Active Alpha Amylase from Bacillus Licheniformis: Directed Evolution, Enzyme Characterization and Structural Analysis

( Yi Han Liu ),( Shu Ai Fan ),( Xiao Guang Liu ),( Zhi Meng Zhang ),( Jian Ling Wang ),( Zheng Xiang Wang ),( Fu Ping Lu ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2014 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.24 No.7

The stability of Bacillus licheniformis alpha-amylase (BLA) under acid condition was enhanced through direct evolution using the error-prone polymerase chain reaction. One beneficial mutation site, H281I, was obtained in BLA. The specific activity of H281I was 161/352 U/mg, which was 62.6/27.5% higher than that of the wild-type (WT) (99/276 U/mg) at pH 4.5/6.5 and 95°C. The pH optimum for H281I was decreased about 1 unit, whereas no significant changes of optimum temperature and thermostability were observed compared with the wild type (WT). The kcat/Km value of H281I was 1.7-/1.4-fold higher at pH 4.5/6.5, respectively, than that of WT. The structure model analysis indicated that the H281I mutation altered the predicted interaction between the amino acid residues at 281 and 273, thus creating a conducive local environment for substrate binding, as reflected by its decreased Km, and consequently increased the specific activity.

Reversibility and safety of KISS1 metastasis suppressor gene vaccine in immunocastration of ram lambs

Han, Yan-Guo,Liu, Gui-Qiong,Jiang, Xun-Ping,Xiang, Xing-Long,Huang, Yong-Fu,Nie, Bin,Zhao, Jia-Yu,Nabeel, Ijaz,Tesema, Birhanu Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.6

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the reversibility and safety of KISS1 metastasis suppressor (KISS1) gene vaccine in immunocastration. Methods: Six eight-week old ram lambs were randomly divided into vaccinated and control groups. The vaccine (1 mg/ram lamb) was injected at weeks 0, 3, and 6 of the study. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein before primary immunization and at weeks 2, 4, 6, 10, 14, 22, and 30 after primary immunization. All ram lambs were slaughtered at 38 weeks of age, and samples were collected. Results: The specific anti-KISS1 antibody titers in vaccinated animals were significantly higher and the serum testosterone level was significantly lower than those in the control groups from week 4 to 14 after primary immunization (p<0.05). No significant difference was observed at weeks 22 and 30 after the primary immunization. Similar results were also found for scrotal circumference, testicular weight, length, breadth, and spermatogenesis in seminiferous tubules in week 30 after primary immunization. KS (KISS1-hepatitis B surface antigen S) fusion fragment of KISS1 gene vaccine was not detected in host cell genomic DNA of 9 tissues of the vaccinated ram lambs by polymerase chain reaction. Conclusion: The effects of KISS1 gene vaccine in immunocastration were reversible and no integration events were recorded.

On the Building Countermeasures of Content Bank Based on Digital Content Industry

Han Ping,Tao Zhong,Liu Xiao-lu 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.9 No.6

Digital content industry is the core of emerging cultural industry. If it wants to realize the transformation from “Platform is king” to “Content is king”, it needs the external technology’s support. Content and technology restrict each other and develop jointly. Both of them promote the development of the digital content industry fundamentally. This article makes an analysis of content and technology’s present situation that base on a new point of view, and analyzes digital content industry’s developing status quo and problems from the microscopic level, then it proposes the idea of “content bank” , and shows that content bank’s operating system to promote the digital content industry to develop rapidly and healthily.

Direct Synthesis of H2O2 over Ti-Containing Molecular Sieves Supported Gold Catalysts: A Comparative Study for In-situ-H2O2-ODS of Fuel

Han Zhang,Guangliang Liu,Haiyan Song,Chunxia Chen,Fuqin Han,Ping Chen,Zhixi Zhao,Shaozheng Hu 대한화학회 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.10

Direct synthesis of H2O2 and in situ oxidative desulfurization of model fuel over Au/Ti-HMS and Au/TS-1 catalysts has been comparatively investigated in water or methanol. Maximum amount (82%) of active Au0 species for H2O2 synthesis was obtained. Au/Ti-HMS and Au/TS-1 exhibited the contrary performances in H2O2 synthesis as CH3OH/H2O ratio of solvent changed. H2O2 decomposition and hydrogenation in water was inhibited by the introduction of methanol. Effect of O2/H2 ratio on H2O2 concentration, H2 conversion and H2O2 selectivity revealed a relationship between H2O2 generation and H2 consumption. The highest dibenzothiophene removal rate (83.2%) was obtained over Au/Ti-HMS in methanol at 1.5 of O2/H2 ratio and 60 oC. But removal of thiophene over Au/TS-1 should be performed in water without heating to obtain a high removal rate (61.3%). Meanwhile, H2 conversion and oxidative desulfurization selectivity of H2 were presented.

An Epigenetic Mechanism Underlying Doxorubicin Induced EMT in the Human BGC-823 Gastric Cancer Cell

Han, Rong-Fei,Ji, Xiang,Dong, Xing-Gao,Xiao, Rui-Jing,Liu, Yan-Ping,Xiong, Jie,Zhang, Qiu-Ping Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.10

The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key step during embryonic morphogenesis and plays an important role in drug resistance and metastasis in diverse solid tumors. We previously reported that 48 h treatment of anti-cancer drug doxorubicin could induce EMT in human gastric cancer BGC-823 cells. However, the long term effects of this transient drug treatment were unknown. In this study we found that after 48 h treatment with $0.1{\mu}g/ml$ doxorubicin, most cells died during next week, while a minor population of cells survived and formed colonies. We propagated the surviving cells in drug free medium and found that these long term cultured drug survival cells (abbreviated as ltDSCs) retained a mesenchymal-like cell morphology, and expressed high levels of EMT-related molecules such as vimentin, twist and ${\beta}$-catenin. The expression of chromatin reprogramming factors, Oct4 and c-myc, were also higher in ltDSCs than parental cells. We further demonstrated that the protein level of p300 was upregulated in ltDSCs, and inhibition of p300 by siRNA suppressed the expression of vimentin. Moreover, the ltDSCs had higher colony forming ability and were more drug resistant when compared to parental cells. Our results suggested that an epigenetic mechanism is involved in the EMT of ltDSCs.

Comparative Genomics Profiling of Clinical Isolates of Helicobacter pylori in Chinese Populations Using DNA Microarray

Han, Yue-Hua,Liu, Wen-Zhong,Shi, Yao-Zhou,Lu, Li-Qiong,Xiao, Shudong,Zhang, Qing-Hua,Zhao, Guo-Ping The Microbiological Society of Korea 2007 The journal of microbiology Vol.45 No.1

In order to search for specific genotypes related to this unique phenotype, we used whole genomic DNA microarray to characterize the genomic diversity of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) strains isolated from clinical patients in China. The open reading frame (ORF) fragments on our microarray were generated by PCR using gene-specific primers. Genomic DNA of H. pylori 26695 and J99 were used as templates. Thirty-four H. pylori isolates were obtained from patients in Shanghai. Results were judged based on In(x) transformed and normalized Cy3/Cy5 ratios. Our microarray included 1882 DNA fragments corresponding to 1636 ORFs of both sequenced H. pylori strains. Cluster analysis, revealed two diverse regions in the H. pylori genome that were not present in other isolates. Among the 1636 genes, 1091 (66.7%) were common to all H. pylori strains, representing the functional core of the genome. Most of the genes found in the H. pylori functional core were responsible for metabolism, cellular processes, transcription and biosynthesis of amino acids, functions that are essential to H. pylori's growth and colonization in its host. In contrast, 522 (31.9%) genes were strain-specific genes that were missing from at least one strain of H. pylori. Strain-specific genes primarily included restriction modification system components, transposase genes, hypothetical proteins and outer membrane proteins. These strain-specific genes may aid the bacteria under specific circumstances during their long-term infection in genetically diverse hosts. Our results suggest 34 H. pylori clinical strains have extensive genomic diversity. Core genes and strain-specific genes both play essential roles in H. pylori propagation and pathogenesis. Our microarray experiment may help select relatively significant genes for further research on the pathogenicity of H. pylori and development of a vaccine for H. pylori.

An improved multi-objective optimization algorithm with mixed variables for automobile engine hood lightweight design

Han Li,Zhao Liu,Ping Zhu 대한기계학회 2021 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.35 No.5

Engine hood is one of the important parts of the vehicles, which has influences on the lightweight, structural safety, pedestrian protection, and aesthetics. The optimization design of engine hood is a high-dimensional, multi-objective, and mixed-variable optimization problem. In order to reduce the physical test investment in the development and improve the efficiency of optimization, this article proposes a data-driven method for optimal hood design. A newly proposed single-objective optimization algorithm is improved by several strategies for multi-objective constrained problem with mixed variables. Then the hood is optimized through the specially designed machine learning model. Finally, both the hood's weight and pedestrian injury are reduced while maintaining structural stiffness and frequency in the desired range. The comparative study and final hood optimization results prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Improving thermal shock and ablation resistance of high thermal conductivity carbon/carbon composites by introducing carbon nanotubes

Liu Xue-Song,Fu Qian-Gang,Wang Han-Hui,Tong Ming-De,Zhang Jia-Ping,Song Qiang 한국탄소학회 2020 Carbon Letters Vol.30 No.6

In order to improve the thermal shock and ablation resistance of high thermal conductivity carbon/carbon composites, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were introduced by electrophoretic deposition. After modifcation, the fexural strength of the composites increases by 53.0% due to the greatly strengthened interfaces. During thermal shock between 1100 °C and room temperature for 30 times, the strength continues to increase, attributed to the weakened interfaces in favor of fber and CNT pull-out. By introducing CNTs at interfaces, thermal conductivity of the composites along the fber axial direction decreases and that along the fber radial direction increases. As the thermal shock process prolongs, since the carbon structure integrity of CNT and matrix in the modifed composites is improved, the conductivity increases whatever the orientation is, until the thermal stress causes too many defects. As for the anti-ablation performance, the mass ablation rates of the CNT-modifed composites with fbers parallel to and vertical to the fame decrease by 69.6% and 43.9% respectively, and the diference in the mass ablation rate related with fber orientations becomes much less. Such performance improvement could be ascribed to the reduced oxidative damage and the enhanced interfaces.

Direct Synthesis of H₂O₂ over Ti-Containing Molecular Sieves Supported Gold Catalysts: A Comparative Study for In-situ-H₂O₂-ODS of Fuel

Zhang, Han,Liu, Guangliang,Song, Haiyan,Chen, Chunxia,Han, Fuqin,Chen, Ping,Zhao, Zhixi,Hu, Shaozheng Korean Chemical Society 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.10

Direct synthesis of $H_2O_2$ and in situ oxidative desulfurization of model fuel over Au/Ti-HMS and Au/TS-1 catalysts has been comparatively investigated in water or methanol. Maximum amount (82%) of active $Au^0$ species for $H_2O_2$ synthesis was obtained. Au/Ti-HMS and Au/TS-1 exhibited the contrary performances in $H_2O_2$ synthesis as $CH_3OH/H_2O$ ratio of solvent changed. $H_2O_2$ decomposition and hydrogenation in water was inhibited by the introduction of methanol. Effect of $O_2/H_2$ ratio on $H_2O_2$ concentration, $H_2$ conversion and $H_2O_2$ selectivity revealed a relationship between $H_2O_2$ generation and $H_2$ consumption. The highest dibenzothiophene removal rate (83.2%) was obtained over Au/Ti-HMS in methanol at 1.5 of $O_2/H_2$ ratio and $60^{\circ}C$. But removal of thiophene over Au/TS-1 should be performed in water without heating to obtain a high removal rate (61.3%). Meanwhile, $H_2$ conversion and oxidative desulfurization selectivity of $H_2$ were presented.