BMP test를 통한 음폐수와 하수슬러지의 병합소화 특성 평가

이수영ㆍ윤영삼ㆍ강준구ㆍ김기헌ㆍ신선경(Su young LeeㆍYoung Sam YoonㆍJun Gu KangㆍKi Heon KimㆍSun Kyoung Shin) 유기성자원학회 2016 유기물자원화 Vol.24 No.1

혐기성 소화의 주요 조건 중 하나인 C/N비의 경우 하수슬러지는 5.40으로 낮게 나타난 반면 음폐수(Food waste leachate)는 21.84로 높게 나타났다. C/N비가 낮을 경우 혐기성소화의 저해 요인으로 작용될 수 있기 때문에 음폐수의 높은 유기물 농도 및 C/N 비를 활용하여 메탄가스 발생량 증가시킬 수 있었다. Tchobanoglous이 제안한 이론적 메탄가스 발생량 예측수식을 적용하여 메탄 및 바이오가스 발생량을 산정한 결과 하수슬러지 단일 혐기소화의 경우 305.6 mLㆍCH4/gㆍVS, 689.4 mLㆍCH4/gㆍVS의 메탄, 바이오가스가 발생하였고 음폐수 : 하수슬러지를 1:9로 혼합한 시료는 약 322 mLㆍCH4/gㆍVS, 3:7시료에서는 약 354 mLㆍCH4/gㆍVS, 5:5시료에서는 약 386 mLㆍCH4/gㆍVS의 메탄가스가 발생하는 것으로 분석되었다. BMP 실험 결과 1:9, 3:7, 5:5 비율로 병합 처리한 경우 각각 약 233, 298, 344 mLㆍCH4/gㆍVS의 메탄가스가 발생하였다. 따라서 음폐수의 혼합비율이 높아질수록 메탄가스 발생량은 증가하였고 하수슬러지와 음폐수의 혼합 비율에 따른 병합처리 시 하수슬러지 단독처리에 비해 다량의 메탄가스가 발생되었다. BMP 실험을 통해 생산된 메탄가스의 누적생산 곡선을 Modified Gompertz model과 first order kinetic model에 적용하여 추정한 결과, 메탄생성량은 Modified Gompertz model에서는 238.5, 302.3, 353.6 mL/gㆍVS 발생하였고 first order kinetic model에서는 242.8, 312.5, 365.5 mL/gㆍVS로 음폐수와의 혼합비율이 증가할수록 높게 나타났으며, 최대 메탄생성속도의 경우 3:7비율에서 48.2 mL/gVSㆍday로 최대 메탄생성 속도를 보였다. first order kinetic model의 1차 반응속도상수 k값은 1:9, 3:7, 5:5 비율에 따라 0.32, 0.22, 0.08day-1 나타났다. 1차 반응속도 상수의 경우 음폐수의 혼합비율이 낮을수록 높게 나타났다. Modified Gompertz와 first order kinetic model 모두 실험결과를 잘 모사하였으며, 실험결과와 모의결과의 적합도를 나타내는 상관계수(R2)의 경우 0.92∼0.98으로 높은 상관성을 나타내었다. We mix food waste leachate and sewage sludge by the proportion of 1:9, 3:7 and 5:5. It turns out that they produced 233, 298 and 344 CH4ㆍmL/gㆍVS of methane gas. The result suggests that as the mixing rate of food waste leachate rises, the methane gas productions increases as well. And more methane gas is made when co-digesting sewage sludge and food waste leachate based on the mixing ratio, rather than digesting only sewage sludge alone. Modified Gompertz and Exponential Model describe the BMP test results that show how methane gas are produced from organic waste. According to the test, higher the mixing rate of food waste leachate is, higher the methane gas productions is. The mixing ratio of food waste leachate that produces the largest volume of methane gas is 3:7. Modified Gompertz model and Exponential model describe the test results very well. The correlation values(R2) that show how the results of model prediction and experiment are close is 0.92 to 0.98.

電子商去來의 法的 諸問題에 관한 考察 : UNCITRAL 모델法을 중심으로

강영구 진주여자전문대학 1999 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

The electronic commerce through internet is a new pattren of communications which is quite different from the pattern of the traditional trade based on the paper documents. These electronic commerce are not limited to a specific trade or specific field, but cover all the business. So new legal problems on all the business lines and law activities can be expected, which need legislation to cover all the electronic commerce. The legislation on the electronic commerce makes a lot of change on the original law system. The contents are as follows. First, there should be systematic rearrangement on the process and security of the electronic letters. Second, it requires the ability of evidence of the electronic letters and research method of evidence. Third, it causes the problems of communication through the electronic letters and requires to stipulate the relationship of the participants right and responsibility. Besides them there can be problems of the unfair trade and the taxation. The legislation on the electronic commerce, therefore, will be the basic principle to solve the legal problems which can occur on the electronic commerce. To activate the electronic commerce, the private sector should play a leading role. When the comprehensive legislation is made to minimize the engagement of the government, the period of the electronic trade will be well prepared.

情報化社會에 있어서 事務自動化에 따른 秘書의 技能에 關한 考察

姜盈求 진주여자전문대학 1994 論文集 Vol.17 No.-

A information Oriented society demanded an innovation in the advanced technique and management. To meet the demanded, the executives are responsible for management and adminstration of organization requires accurancy and prompt in office procedures. This role of professional secretary has been more important in our information oriented society to support an executive with office skills and administrative judgement, parallel with technical innovation and modernization in our industrial community. In a specialized society, secretaries will have to meet greater performance demands. The ability deal with office automation machinery and tools will be required to increase in relationship to our technological progress, which has already brought abut tremendous changes. The purpose of this survey is to study concept of the secerta rial skill demaned in information oriented society. In this paper, I intend to present that professinal secretarial position has not been informed so much as it has contributed to industrial development, because top management has not realized its importance and professional secretary have not made into a system so far. A brief summary of secretarial skill demanded information oriented society accompanied by O.A is as folloow:(1) ability of information filing and informing. (2) ability of letters writing. (3) ability of scheduling. (4) ability of report writing. (5) ability of data collection. Finally, I'd like to expect that professional secretary should be organized in our country as early as possible and they activate their functions to keep with international tendency.

情報化社會에 있어서 要求되는 秘書의 技能에 관한 考察

姜盈求 진주여자전문대학 1992 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

A information oriented society demands an innovation in the advanced technique and management. To meet the demanded, the executives are responsible for management and administration of an organization requires accuracy, vision and prompt in office procedures. Under these circumstances, the secretariat role has emerged as an imporant part of business management, parallel with the technical innovation and modern information oriented society. Currently, a secretarial position is highly qualified to be capable of level executives or someone responsible perform a desired or satisfactory business efficiently. The purpose of this survey is to study concepts of the secretariat skill demanded in information oriented society. In this paper, I intend to present that professional secretariat position has not been informed so much as it has contributed to industrial developments because top management has not realized its importance and also educational circumstances for professional secretary have net made into a system so for. Therefore, a brief summary of secretarial statue demanded modern information oriented society especially is as follow. (1) ability of information management (2) ability of communication (3) ability of business handling (4) ability of problem solution (5) ability to keep secret strictly Finally, I'd like to expect that professional secretary should be organized in our coutry as early as posible and they activate their functions to keep with international tendency.

들깨 종자의 생장조절제 처리가 발아에 미치는 영향

강점순,최영환,손병구 밀양대학교 농업기술개발연구소 2000 農業技術開發硏究所報 Vol.4 No.1

The effect of plant growth regulators on perilla(Perilla ocymoides L.) germination was evaluated in the laboratory at 15℃, 20℃ and 25℃. Seeds of perilla cultivars 'Ipdulgge', 'Miryang', 'Yeupsil', 'Jukjaso' and 'Chungjaso' were dark-treated in varied level solution of gibberellic acid(GA3), 6-benzylaminopurine(BAP) and combined GA3 with BAP for a 1 day at 20℃. The effect of plant growth regulators varied among cultivar. Plant growth regulators treated did not affect percentage germination of all perilla seeds, but showed shorter number of days to 50% of the final germination(T50) and mean number of days to germination(MDG) than those untreated seeds. The germination behavior of all cultivar was highly correlated with plant growth regulators kinds and their concentrations. GA3 had to improve germination in 'Miryang', 'Yeupsil', 'Jukjaso' and 'Chungjaso', but the effect varied with applying level. GA3 250μ M treatment showed higher percent germination and shorter T50 and MDG of 'Ipdulgge' perilla than those of untreated, when the seeds were germinated at 15℃ , 20℃ and 25℃. When plant growth regulator treatment in 250μ M GA3 + 250μ M BAP of 'Miryang', in 250μ M GA3 of 'Yeupsil' and 'Chungjaso', and 100μ M GA3 + 100μ M BAP of 'Jukjaso' perilla seeds exhibited a faster rate of germination then those untreated seeds.

敎師들의 社會體育 參與와 職務滿足度와의 關係

姜鍾求,文泳來 全北大學校 敎育大學院 1995 敎育論叢 Vol.15 No.-

The purpose of this was to investigate the relationship between the degree of job satisfaction and physical activity participation of teachers. To research of this title, the sample consisted of 300 males and 200 females among 500 teachers who continue physical activity in various sports clubs and they were tested by MSQ job satisfaction questionnaire standardized by Lofquist (1967) On the result through statistical analysis for data collected from this investigation, the conclusions were as follows ; 1. There was significant difference in degree of job satisfaction among age groups of teachers action physically, and the more aged, the degree of job satisfaction they felt. 2. There was no significance difference in degree of job satisfaction between sex groups of teachers acting physically. 3. There was significance difference in degree of job satisfaction among exercise groups of teachers acting physically, and 6months were selected to the exercise duration effected on the degree of job satisfaction. 4. There was significance difference in degree of job satisfaction among execise frequency groups of teachers acting physically, and 1 time/week was selected to the exercise frequency effected on the degree of job satisfaction. Therefore the degree of job satisfaction was acted on exercise regularity rather than exercise frequency. 5. There was no significance difference in degree of job satisfaction between exercise type groups of teachers action physically. 6. There was no significance difference in the effect of interaction between exercise type and exercise duraion duration in the result of this study.

비외상성 두개내 출혈 환자에서 심근손상의 발생과 예후에 미치는 영향

강구현,황성호,이강현,조준휘,김성환,문중범,박해상,이서영,이성수,김헌주 대한응급의학회 2000 대한응급의학회지 Vol.11 No.4

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of myocardial injuries in patients with nontraumatic intracranial hemorrhage by identifying the occurrence of myocardial injury and defining its correlation with subsequent cardiovascular events. Subjects and methods: One hundred twenty-four patients with nontraumatic intracraninal hemorrhage presented to the emergency department within six hours from onset of symptoms were enrolled. Brain CT, serial electrocardiography, and echocardiography were done at the emergency center. Blood samples for troponin I and creatine kinase(CK)-MB were drawn immediately and eight hours after admission, Troponin I and CK-MB were measured using a chemiluminescent immunoassay, respectively. Results: Electrocardiographic and echocardiography abnormalities were found in 65 cases(52.4%) and 21 cases(17%), respectively. Serum troponin I and creative kinase-MB were increased in 35 cases (28.2%) and in 58 cases(46.8%), respectively. Abnormal findings of echocardiography and ECG, as well as elevated levels of serum troponin I and creative kinase-MB, were associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular event and survival. Logistic regression analysis revealed that an abnormal echcocardiographic finding and elevation of serum troponin I were factors associated with the occurrence an adverse cardiovascular event and that electrocardiographic abnormalities and initial mental status were factors associated with poor prognosis. Conclusion: This study reveals that actual myocardial injury develops in a significant proportion of patients with nontraumatic intracranial hemorrhage and that the development of the myocardial injury is associated with an adverse cardiovascular event that occurs during admission.

現代企業에 있어서 要求되는 秘書의 資質과 當面課題에 관한 考察

姜盈求 진주여자전문대학 1990 論文集 Vol.13 No.-

In the mid 1970s, the industrial structure rapidly shifred from light industry to heavy and chemical industry, in the course of which the shortage of which the shortage of skilled manpower became apparent in industry although we were favored with important human resoures, a well trained and educated working labor force. To meet the demanded, great emphasis has been placed on the mobilization of the labor force into the industrial sector from the primary sector, together with the utilization of the female labor force. Under these changing circumstances, the secretarial role has emerged as an important part of business management parallel with the technical innovation and modernization in our industrial community. The purpose of this survey is to study concepts of their secretaries' status and performance. A brief summary of the results show following : (1) Today is playing a major role in the rapid transition to industrialization and has close contact with the rest of the world. This behavior is characterized by a complex structura duality ; that is, modernity and tradition. This duality is also found in the secreterial image of Korean executives. (2) The professionalism of the secretarial career is also more highly respected in the more educated executive group. Since our economic progress is expected to continue at a speedy pace during the coming decade, the increasing demand for well-trained secretaries will expedite the upgrading of secretarial position in Korean business society. (3) With rapid economic growth, the demand for professional managers who understand the discipline of management and who also have knowledge in all discipline that have relevance to management will increase at an unexpectedy rapid pace. Therefore, the demand for able secretaries who can demonstrate initiative, provide more assistance, and assume many secretarial responsibilities performed by male workers will become more apparent in view of the monpower scarcity that has recently begun to appear. (4) In a specialized society, secretaries will have to meet greater performance demands. The ability of a technical will be required to increase in relationship to our scientific and techn logical progress, which has already brought about tremendous changes. As trades and eommunication among nations increase and industrial firms become multi-national in character, the education of secretaries of excellent cabiber, intelligence and skills should be planned and carrid out over a long period of time. Finally, it may be noted that by raising secretarial standards and meeting the demand for secretaries, secretarial education has a double value : developing surplus female labor which can be mobilized immediately to meet the nation's seconomic needs and industrial advance on the hand and an enhancement of women's social status in society on the other.

意思疏通의 內面的 世界의 分析에 관한 考察

강영구 진주여자전문대학 1997 論文集 Vol.20 No.-

Communication in a way of expressing our intrinsic world to the party and its importance doesn't need to be explained. All the daily life in made through communication and so our life itself can be concluded as the sum of communication. The success of communication lies in the individual s personality, his values and his attitude before the communication is mㄷade. Whatever kind of communication should be preplanned and only the communication with controlled emotion will attain its purpose. Moreover, as a way of training communication one should examine one's own perception, cognition, attitude and values and should have right decision and the ability to practice it.

日本經濟의 長期的 低成長과 政策對應

姜盈求,梁恒鎭 진주여자전문대학 2001 論文集 Vol.24 No.-

The Japanese economy have fallen in long-run stagnation since 1990's. So this article would like to suggest two cause about the long-run stagnation and policy responses in Japanese economy during the 1990s. From the viewpoint of the long-run stagnation, First, In middle of 1989 the bank of Japan started to raise interest rates so as to calm the asset price inflation which had started in the middle of 1980s. After the asset price bubble was bursted, stock and land prices started falling extremely. Finally, the uncertainty of the future as the collapse of bubble caused to lower the consumer spending and the corporate investment. Second, During the asset price bubble, the banks lent a large amounts of money to firms using land as collateral. With the steady fall in land price since the collapse of the asset price bubble, many of these loans have stopped performing. And accumulation of bad loans in financial institution gave rise to instability of financial system, which is induced to a bad effect and the long-run stagnation. At that time, the stimulative steps of Japanese government used to improve economic recovery with a number of policy packages in the financial and fiscal sectors during the 1990s. Although the Japanese government had unveiled a number of fiscal packages aimed at reviving the economy over the 1990s, most of these packages contained a limited effect. The stimulative steps of Japanese policy have no effect in this country owing to the slump of the asset prices, the reduction of the consumer spending enthusiasm and corporate investments in the beginning of the 1990s. It seemed that the steps had trend to recover Japanese economy temporarily in the middle of 1990s, but Japanese economy have fallen extremely recession again and again by fiscal reform in 1997. After that time, this situation is continued until now. Finally, this article is to present some suggestive point of policies in establishing a stable growth basement without a bubble phenomenon in our economy from the Japanese s experience.