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하기수 한국비파괴검사학회 2003 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.1
각국의 비파괴검사기술자에 대한 자격인정제도는 그 근본취지나 인정절차 등에 있어서 서로 유사한 부분이 많이 있음에도 불구하고 체계 및 세부내용이 상이한 점과 자국 보호정책 혹은 상호인정의 결핍에 의해 기술자 개인이나 소속 기관은 동일 분야의 자격을 중복하여 취득하는 경우가 많았다. 특히 우리나라의 경우에는 국가기술자격법에 따른 비파괴검사부문 국가기술자격자가 많이 배출되어 있는데도 외국 자격, 특히 미국 ASNT의 NDT Level에의 의존도가 대단히 큰 현실임을 부인할 수 없는 실정이다. 그 중에서도 핵심사항인 ASNT의 NDT LevelⅢ프로그램은 세계 50개국 이상에서 5000명 이상의 기술자를 배출하여 다른 국가에서 비파괴검사 자격을 취득하게 되는 최대 인정기관으로 볼 수 있다. 비파괴검사기술자 자격의 국제규격 부합화와 향후 국내 비파괴검사 자격제도 운용에 대한 개선대책이 필요한 시점에서, 여기서는 ASNT의 자격인정제도인 SNT-TC-1A, CP-189 및 ACCP의 내용을 비교 설명하고 그 현황을 분석하였다.
( Ghee Hwan Kim ),( Mi Jeong Kang ),( Keum Han Noh ),( Do Gyeong Oh ),( Won Ku Kang ),( Hye Gwang Jeong ),( Kwang Youl Lee ),( Han Gun Kim ),( Hyung Sik Kim ),( Tae Cheon Jeong ) 전남대학교 약품개발연구소 2014 약품개발연구지 Vol.23 No.-
To investigate the nephrotoxic potential of melamine (MEL) and cyanuric acid (CA) in male Sprague-Dawley rats, 7-d repeated-dose studies were performed. The experimental groups of MEL100 and CAl00 were orally administered with MEL and CA at 100 mg/kg/d for 7 d, respectively. In groups dosed with MEL-cA mixtures, melamine and cyanuric acid (1:1) were simultaneously administered at 4, 20, or 100 mg/kg/d for 7 d (i.e., MEL-CA4, MEL-CA20, or MEL-CA 100, respectively). Body weights were not markedly affected in MEL 100, CA 100, and MEL-CA4 groups, but significantly reduced in MEL-CA 20 and 100 rats. Most parameters determined in sera and tissues were not markedly altered in MEL 100, CA 100, and MEL-CA4-treated rodents. However, BUN, creatinine, total protein, and kidney weights were significantly increased in MEL-CA20- and MEL-CA100-treated animals. Renal histopathologic findings also revealed signs of toxicity, including tubular dilatation, crystal deposition, granulomatous tubulo-interstitial inflammation, and tubular necrosis with regeneration. Data suggested that the combination of MEL and CA might be responsible for observed nephrotoxicity that was not seen following individual exposure to either MEL or CA alone. Subsequently, the concentrations of MEL and CA were determined in serum, urine, and kidney tissues by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Toxicokinetic studies indicated that MEl or CA alone might be eliminated almost completely within 24 h after dosing showing no accumulation in kidney. However, the combined MEL-CA dose produced marked accumulation of chemicals in blood and kidneys. These results suggested that combined MEL and CA might produce renal toxicity due to significant chemical accumulation in kidney accompanied by low excretion.
( Ghee Hwan Kim ),( Mi Jeong Kang ),( Keum Han Noh ),( Do Gyeong Oh ),( Won Ku Kang ),( Hye Gwang Jeong ),( Kwang Youl Lee ),( Han Gun Kim ),( Hyung Sik Kim ),( Tae Cheon Jeong ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2015 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.25 No.-
To investigate the nephrotoxic potential of melamine (MEL) and cyanuric acid (CA) in male Sprague-Dawley rats,7-d repeated-dose studies were performed. The experimental groups of MEL100 and CA100 were orally administered with MEL and CA at 100 mg/kg/d for 7 d, respectively. In groups dosed with MEL-CA mixtures, melamine and cyanuric acid (1:1) were simultaneously administered at 4, 20, or 100 mg/kg/d for 7 d (i.e., MEL-CA4, MEL-CA20, or MEL-CA100, respectively). Body weights were not markedly affected in MEL100, CA100, and MEL-CA4 groups, but significantly reduced in MEL-CA 20 and 100 rats. Most parameters deter-mined in sera and tissues were not markedly altered in MEL100, CA100, and MEL-CA4-treated rodents, However, BUN, creatinine, total protein, and kidney weights were significantly increased in MEL-CA20-and MEL-CA100-treated animals. Renal histopathologic findings also revealed signs of toxicity, including tubular dilatation, crystal deposition, granulomatous tubu-lo-interstitial inflammation, and tubular necrosis with regeneration. Data suggested that the combination of MEL and CA might be responsible for observed nephrotoxicity that was not seen following individual exposure to either MEL or CA alone. Subsequently, the concentra-tions of MEL and CA were determined in serum, urine, and kidney tissues by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Toxicokinetic studies indicated that MEL or CA alone might be eliminated almost completely within 24 h after dosing showing no accumulation in kidney. However, the combined MEL-CA dose produced marked accumulation of chemicals in blood and kidneys. These results suggested that combined MEL and CA might produce renal toxicity due to significant chemical accumulation in kidney accompanied by low excretion.
Nephrotoxic Potential and Toxicokinetics of Melamine Combined with Cyanuric Acid in Rats
Kim, Ghee Hwan,Kang, Mi Jeong,Noh, Keumhan,Oh, Do Gyeong,Kang, Wonku,Jeong, Hye Gwang,Lee, Kwang Youl,Kim, Hangun,Kim, Hyung Sik,Jeong, Tae Cheon Taylor Francis 2014 Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Pa Vol.77 No.22