Marine sponge-associated bacteria as a potential source for polyhydroxyalkanoates

Sathiyanarayanan, Ganesan,Saibaba, Ganesan,Kiran, George Seghal,Yang, Yung-Hun,Selvin, Joseph Informa UK (Taylor Francis) 2017 Critical reviews in microbiology Vol.43 No.3

Hyper-Cross-Linked Porous Porphyrin Aluminum(III) Tetracarbonylcobaltate as a Highly Active Heterogeneous Bimetallic Catalyst for the Ring-Expansion Carbonylation of Epoxides

Ganesan, Vinothkumar,Yoon, Sungho American Chemical Society 2019 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.11 No.20

<P>Development of an industrially viable catalyst for the ring-expansion carbonylation of epoxides remains challenging in the view of facile product separation and recyclability. Herein, we report a heterogenized porous porphyrin Al(III) tetracarbonylcobaltate bimetallic catalyst for the ring-expansion carbonylation of epoxides. The catalyst was synthesized using a hyper-cross-linking strategy involving methylene bridges introduced by the Friedel-Crafts reaction and incorporated with cobaltate anions. The catalyst effectively converts epoxides into the corresponding β-lactones with an excellent site time yield of 360 h<SUP>-1</SUP>, which is comparable to that of the corresponding homogeneous catalysts and is the highest of any heterogeneous catalyst reported so far for this reaction.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Correlation between the Structure and Catalytic Activity of [Cp*Rh(Substituted Bipyridine)] Complexes for NADH Regeneration

Ganesan, Vinothkumar,Sivanesan, Dharmalingam,Yoon, Sungho American Chemical Society 2017 Inorganic Chemistry Vol.56 No.3

<P>A series of water-soluble half-sandwich [Cp*Rh-III(N<^>N)Cl](+) (Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadiene, N<^>N-substituted 2,2'-bipyridine) complexes containing electron-donating substituents around the 2,2'-bipyridyl ligand were synthesized and fully characterized for the regioselective reduction of nicotinamide coenzyme (NAD(+)). The influence of the positional effect of the substituents on the structural, electrochemical, and catalytic properties of the catalyst was systematically studied in detail. The catalytic efficiency of the substituted bipyridine Cp*RhIII complexes are inversely correlated with their redox potentials. The 5,5'-substituted bipyridine Cp*RhIII complex, which had the lowest reduction potential, most effectively regenerated NADH with a turnover frequency of 1100 h(-1). Detailed kinetic studies on the generation of intermediate(s) provide valuable mechanistic insight into this catalytic cycle and help to direct the future design strategy of corresponding catalysts.</P>

A Longitudinal Study of Relation between Side-effects and Clinical Improvement in Schizophrenia: Is There a Neuro-metabolic Threshold for Second Generation Antipsychotics?

Ganesan Venkatasubramanian,Naren P. Rao,Rashmi Arasappa,Sunil V. Kalmady,Bangalore N. Gangadhar 대한정신약물학회 2013 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.11 No.1

Objective: Classical studies demonstrated Neuroleptic Induced Extrapyramidal Side-effects (NIES; Neuroleptic threshold) to correlate with the efficacy of first generation antipsychotics. Second generation antipsychotics (SGAs), in addition to the extrapyramidal side effects, are also associated with metabolic side effects. This prospective study on antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients, for the first-time, examined concurrently the relationship between clinical improvement and these side-effects NIES and Neuroleptic Induced Metabolic Side-effects. Methods: Thirty six-antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia (DSM-IV) patients were examined at baseline and after 5 weeks of treatment with antipsychotics. At baseline and follow-up, we recorded the body mass index (BMI) and assessed psychopathology using Scale for Assessment of Positive-symptoms (SAPS) and Scale for Assessment of Negative-symptoms (SANS), extrapyramidal symptoms using Simpson-Angus Extra Pyramidal Scale (SAEPS) and improvement using Clinical Global Impression Improvement (CGI). Results: After treatment, patients showed significant reduction in SAPS (baseline, 27.97±14.47; follow-up, 14.63±13.25; p<0.001)and SANS total scores (baseline, 63.77±28.96; follow-up, 49.30±28.77; p=0.001) and a significant increase in BMI (baseline,18.5±3.37; follow-up, 19.13±3.17; p<0.001). At follow-up CGI-Improvement score was (2.55±0.65) and SAEPS score was (0.8±1.32). CGI-Improvement score had a significant negative correlation with magnitude of increase in BMI (rs=-0.39; p=0.01)and SAEPS symptom score at follow-up (rs=-0.58; p<0.001). In addition, magnitude of increase in BMI showed positive correlation with the magnitude of reduction in SAPS total score (rs=0.33; p=0.04). Conclusion: The study findings suggest a possible relation between clinical improvement and antipsychotic-induced neuroleptic as well as metabolic side-effects in schizophrenia. Though the mechanism of this relation is yet to be elucidated, insulin signaling pathways and lipid homeostasis are potential mechanisms in addition to the established neurotransmitter hypothesis. Theoretically findings support the novel hypothetical construct of ‘Neuro-Metabolic threshold’ in the treatment of schizophrenia.

Nephroprotective effect of Sphaeranthus amaranthoides Burm f.: Sivakaranthai (a Siddha Kayakalpa drug) against gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity

Ganesan Rethinam,Anand Duraiswamy,G. Dayanand Reddy,P. Elankani,Sampath Kundrapakkam Srinivasan 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2022 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.22 No.2

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is described as a disorder with a sudden loss of kidney function. AKI is also attributed to several aetiologies such as diabetes, cardiac problems, etc. Developing a therapy for AKI is challenging due to its complex pathophysiology. The present study investigated the effect of Sphaeranthus amaranthoides Burm f. aqueous extract, a Siddha Kalpha drug, against gentamicin-induced AKI. Animals were initially pre-administered with different concentrations of S. amaranthoides and later induced with gentamicin on the 8th day. Biochemical, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant markers were analysed. Further, HRLCMS analysis was carried out to identify the bioactive components. Components including myo-inositol, traumatic acid, rosmarinic acid, etc. were identified. In the animals induced with gentamicin, KIM1, LDH, GGT, creatinine, BUN and electrolytes were elevated in both serum and urine, while noted within normal range in S. amaranthoides pre-administered groups. Histopathology analysis revealed prevention of necrosis, tubular epithelial cell degeneration and glomerular congestion in S. amaranthoides administered animals. Lipid peroxidation, KIM1, Cystatin C, TNFα, IL6 and NFκB were within normal range in tissues. Thus, it is evident that S. amaranthoides is effective in protecting kidney damage and treating AKI. Further studies will be conducted to analyse the pathways resurrecting kidney damage.

Engineering properties of steel fibre reinforced geopolymer concrete

Ganesan, N.,Indira, P.V.,Santhakumar, Anjana Techno-Press 2013 Advances in concrete construction Vol.1 No.4

Engineering properties such as compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity and Poisson's ratio of geopolymer concrete (GPC) and steel fibre reinforced geopolymer concrete (SFRGPC) have been obtained from standard tests and compared. A total of 15 specimens were tested for determining each property. The grade of concrete used was M 40. The percentages of steel fibres considered include 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1%. In general, the addition of fibres improved the mechanical properties of both GPC and SFRGPC. However the increase was found to be nominal in the case of compressive strength (8.51%), significant in the case of splitting tensile strength (61.63%), modulus of rupture (24%), modulus of elasticity (64.92%) and Poisson's ratio (50%) at 1% volume fraction of fibres. An attempt was made to obtain the relation between the various engineering properties with the percentage of fibres added.

Flexural strengthening of RCC beams using FRPs and ferrocement - a comparative study

Ganesan, N.,Bindurania, P.,Indira, P.V. Techno-Press 2020 Advances in concrete construction Vol.10 No.1

This paper deals with a comparative study among three different rehabilitation techniques, namely, (i) carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP), (ii) glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) and (iii) ferrocement on the flexural strengthening of reinforced cement concrete (RCC) beams. As these different techniques have to be compared on a level playing field, tensile coupon tests have been carried out initially for GFRP, CFRP and ferrocement and the number of layers required in each of these composites in terms of the tensile strength. It was found that for the selected constituents of the composites, one layer of CFRP was equivalent to three layers of GFRP and five layers of wiremesh reinforcement in ferrocement. Rehabilitation of RCC beams using these equivalent laminates shows that all the three composites performed in a similar way and are comparable. The parameters selected in this study were (i) the strengthening material and (ii) the level of pre-distress induced to the beams prior to the rehabilitation. It was noticed that, as the levels of pre-distress decreases, the percentage attainment of flexural capacity and flexural stiffness of the rehabilitated beams increases for all the three selected composites used for rehabilitation. Load-deflection behavior, failure modes, energy absorption capacity, displacement ductility and curvature ductility were compared among these composites and at different distress levels for each composite. The results indicate that ferrocement showed a better performance in terms of ductility than other FRPs, and between the FRPs, GFRP exhibited a better ductility than the CFRP counterpart.

Fourier Cosine and Sine Transformable Boehmians

Ganesan, Chinnaraman,Roopkumar, Rajakumar Department of Mathematics 2014 Kyungpook mathematical journal Vol.54 No.1

The range spaces of Fourier cosine and sine transforms on $L^1$([0, ${\infty}$)) are characterized. Using Fourier cosine and sine type convolutions, Fourier cosine and sine transformable Boehmian spaces have been constructed, which properly contain $L^1$([0, ${\infty}$)). The Fourier cosine and sine transforms are extended to these Boehmian spaces consistently and their properties are established.

Hierarchical Ni_3.5Co_5.5S₈ nanosheet-assembled hollow nanocages: Superior electrocatalyst towards oxygen evolution reaction

Ganesan, Vinoth,Ramasamy, Parthiban,Kim, Jinkwon Elsevier 2017 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY - Vol.42 No.9

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Developing highly efficient and cost-effective electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is crucial for renewable energy storage technologies. Here, we synthesized hierarchical Co-based bimetallic sulfide nanostructures as an efficient electrocatalyst for OER. Ni<SUB>3.5</SUB>Co<SUB>5.5</SUB>S<SUB>8</SUB> nanostructures were synthesized by solvothermal sulfurization and thermal annealing of pre-synthesized homogenous bimetallic metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). Electron microscopy studies revealed that the Ni<SUB>3.5</SUB>Co<SUB>5.5</SUB>S<SUB>8</SUB> has hollow nanocage like morphology with thin nanosheets grown on the surface. In addition, Co<SUB>9</SUB>S<SUB>8</SUB> hollow nanocages were also synthesized for comparative electrocatalytic evaluation with the Ni<SUB>3.5</SUB>Co<SUB>5.5</SUB>S<SUB>8</SUB> nanosheet-assembled hollow nanocages (NAHNs). The Ni<SUB>3.5</SUB>Co<SUB>5.5</SUB>S<SUB>8</SUB> NAHNs has exhibited a low overpotential of 333 mV at the current density of 10 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP> (1.563 V <I>vs</I> RHE) and Tafel slope of 48.5 mV dec<SUP>−1</SUP> for the oxygen evolution reaction in 1 M KOH. Benefitting from their structural merits, Ni<SUB>3.5</SUB>Co<SUB>5.5</SUB>S<SUB>8</SUB> NAHNs manifest excellent OER electrocatalytic activity compared to most of the recently reported non-precious catalyst for OER.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Hierarchical Ni<SUB>3.5</SUB>Co<SUB>5.5</SUB>S<SUB>8</SUB> nanosheet assembled hollow nanocages (NAHNs) were successfully synthesized. </LI> <LI> Ni<SUB>3.5</SUB>Co<SUB>5.5</SUB>S<SUB>8</SUB> NAHNs provide high porous nature and large surface area. </LI> <LI> Explored as efficient, low potential electrocatalyst to drive the oxygen evolution reaction. </LI> <LI> Ni<SUB>3.5</SUB>Co<SUB>5.5</SUB>S<SUB>8</SUB> NAHNs catalyst exhibited better OER stability. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Inexpensive electrochemical synthesis of nickel iron sulphides on nickel foam: super active and ultra-durable electrocatalysts for alkaline electrolyte membrane water electrolysis

Ganesan, P.,Sivanantham, A.,Shanmugam, S. Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for e Vol.4 No.42

<P>Efficient and durable electrocatalysts for water splitting (both the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER)) are required for the replacement of expensive noble metal-based catalysts used in water electrolysis devices. Herein, we describe the inexpensive synthesis of electrochemically deposited nickel iron sulphides on nickel foam (NiFeS/NF) and their use as highly efficient bi-functional water splitting catalysts that can meet the current energy demands. The NiFeS/NF electrocatalysts exhibited low overpotentials of approximately 231 mV for the OER and 180 mV for the HER in 1 M KOH. Moreover, the NiFeS/NF electrocatalysts exhibited a turnover frequency of one order of magnitude higher than those of state-of-the-art noble metal catalysts (RuO2 and Pt/C) for the OER and HER. In addition to this excellent activity, the bi-functional catalyst also exhibited an outstanding OER and HER electrode stability for over 200 h with minimal loss in activity. Further, it can be directly used in the practical application of alkaline electrolyte membrane water electrolysis. The high performance, prolonged electrode stability, and facile synthesis as an adherent coating on nickel foam suggest that NiFeS/NF electrocatalysts might be suitable for use as alternative commercially viable catalysts.</P>