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Oxide Glasses for Holographic Data Storage
Gaë,l Poirier,Marcelo Nalin,Sidney J,L Ribeiro,Younes Messaddeq 한국세라믹학회 2007 세라미스트 Vol.10 No.3
Novel photochromic oxide glasses are presented in this section. These glasses are based on phosphate formers containing both tungsten and antimony atoms. Exposure to visible continuous or pulsed laser beam results in an intense photochromic effect witch is shown to occur in the volume of the glass and results in a broad absorption band in the visible and near infrared. This effect was not identified to be related with a sσuctural change and is assumed to be entirely electronic. A change in the absorption coefficient is observed in function of tungsten content, exposure time and increases with beam power. These glasses have been investigated regarding the possibilty of holographic data storage using visible lasers sources. Changes in both refractive index and the absorption coefficient were measured using a holographic setup. The modulation of the optical constants is reversible by heat treatment.
Piret, Gaë,lle,Kim, Doohun,Drobecq, Hervé,Coffinier, Yannick,Melnyk, Oleg,Schmuki, Patrik,Boukherroub, Rabah The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 The Analyst Vol.137 No.13
<P>The paper reports on the use of a titanium oxide (TiO<SUB>2</SUB>) nanotube layer as a sensitive substrate for surface-assisted laser desorption–ionization mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS) of peptides and small molecules. The nanotube layers were prepared by electrochemical anodization of titanium foil. The optimized TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanotubes morphology coupled to a controlled surface chemistry allowed desorption–ionization (D/I) of a peptide mixture (Mix1) with a detection limit of 10 femtomoles for the neurotensin peptide. The performance of the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanotubes for the D/I of small molecules was also tested for the detection of sutent, a small tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and verapamil. A detection limit of 50 fmol was obtained for these molecules, as compared to 500 fmol using classical matrix-assisted laser desorption–ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). Both amorphous and anatase TiO<SUB>2</SUB> layers displayed a comparable performance for D/I of analyte molecules. In a control experiment, we have performed D/I of analyte molecules on a flat TiO<SUB>2</SUB> layer. The absence of signal emphasizes the role of the nanostructured substrate in the D/I process.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>The paper reports the use of a titanium oxide (TiO<SUB>2</SUB>) nanotube layer as a sensitive substrate for surface-assisted laser desorption–ionization mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS) of peptides and small molecules. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2an35207a'> </P>
Michalec, Franç,ois-Gaë,l,Holzner, Markus,Barras, Alexandre,Lacoste, Anne-Sophie,Brunet, Loï,c,Lee, Jae-Seong,Slomianny, Christian,Boukherroub, Rabah,Souissi, Sami Elsevier 2017 Environmental pollution Vol.228 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Calanoid copepods play an important role in the functioning of marine and brackish ecosystems. Information is scarce on the behavioral toxicity of engineered nanoparticles to these abundant planktonic organisms. We assessed the effects of short-term exposure to nonfunctionalized gold nanoparticles on the swimming behavior of the widespread estuarine copepod <I>Eurytemora affinis</I>. By means of three-dimensional particle tracking velocimetry, we reconstructed the trajectories of males, ovigerous and non-ovigerous females. We quantified changes in their swimming activity and in the kinematics and geometrical properties of their motion, three important descriptors of the motility patterns of zooplankters. In females, exposure to gold nanoparticles in suspension (11.4 <I>μ</I>g L<SUP>−1</SUP>) for 30 min caused depressed activity and lower velocity and acceleration, whereas the same exposure caused minimal effects in males. This response differs clearly from the hyperactive behavior that is commonly observed in zooplankters exposed to pollutants, and from the generally lower sensitivity of female copepods to toxicants. Accumulation of gold nanoparticles on the external appendages was not observed, precluding mechanical effects. Only very few nanoparticles appeared sporadically in the inner part of the gut in some samples, either as aggregates or as isolated nanoparticles, which does not suggest systemic toxicity resulting from pronounced ingestion. Hence, the precise mechanisms underlying the behavioral toxicity observed here remain to be elucidated. These results demonstrate that gold nanoparticles can induce marked behavioral alterations at very low concentration and short exposure duration. They illustrate the applicability of swimming behavior as a suitable and sensitive endpoint for investigating the toxicity of nanomaterials present in estuarine and marine environments. Changes in swimming behavior may impair the ability of planktonic copepods to interact with their environment and with other organisms, with possible impacts on population dynamics and community structure.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We studied the motion of copepods exposed to non-functionalized gold nanoparticles. </LI> <LI> Exposure depressed swimming activity and velocity in females but not in males. </LI> <LI> This response differs from the hyperactivity commonly observed with pollutants. </LI> <LI> We observed accumulation neither in the digestive track nor on the appendages. </LI> <LI> Nanomaterials can induce marked behavioral toxicity at very low concentrations. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Heesch, Svenja,Cho, Ga Youn,Peters, Akira F.,Le Corguillé,, Gildas,Falentin, Cyril,Boutet, Gilles,Coë,del, Solè,ne,Jubin, Claire,Samson, Gaelle,Corre, Erwan,Coelho, Susana M.,Mark Cock Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010 The New phytologist Vol.188 No.1
<P><B>Summary</B></P><P><P> <I>Ectocarpus siliculosus</I> has been proposed as a genetic and genomic model for the brown algae and the 214 Mbp genome of this organism has been sequenced. The aim of this project was to obtain a chromosome‐scale view of the genome by constructing a genetic map using microsatellite markers that were designed based on the sequence supercontigs.</P><P>To map genetic markers, a segregating F<SUB>2</SUB> population was generated from a cross between the sequenced strain (Ec 32) and a compatible strain from northern Chile. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis indicated a significant degree of polymorphism (41%) between the genomes of these two parental strains. Of 1,152 microsatellite markers that were selected for analysis based on their location on long supercontigs, their potential as markers and their predicted ability to amplify a single genomic locus, 407 were found to be polymorphic.</P><P>A genetic map was constructed using 406 markers, resulting in 34 linkage groups. The 406 markers anchor 325 of the longest supercontigs on to the map, representing 70.1% of the genome sequence.</P><P>The <I>Ectocarpus</I> genetic map described here not only provides a large‐scale assembly of the genome sequence, but also represents an important tool for future genetic analysis using this organism.</P></P>