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A Multidiscipline 35 kV Cable Failure Investigation
Orton Harry,Furst Gabor,Batho Joe,Rao Avaral,Salvida Candelario de,Morante Moises Gomes The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2005 KIEE International Transactions on Electrophysics Vol.5C No.2
Cable failure investigations must evaluate all facets of cable technology to reach a complete understanding of why and how an underground power cable failed. This paper presents the salient points of a recent investigation into an in-service failure after only several weeks of operation.
Hydrogel microrheology near the liquid-solid transition
Larsen, Travis,Schultz, Kelly,Furst, Eric M. The Korean Society of Rheology 2008 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.20 No.3
Multiple particle tracking microrheology is used to characterize the viscoelastic properties of biomaterial and synthetic polymer gels near the liquid-solid transition. Probe particles are dispersed in the gel precursors, and their dynamics are measured as a function of the extent of reaction during gel formation. We interpret the dynamics using the generalized Stokes-Einstein relationship (GSER), using a form of the GSER that emphasizes the relationship between the probe particle mean-squared displacement and the material creep compliance. We show that long-standing concepts in gel bulk rheology are applicable to microrheological data, including time-cure superposition to identify the gel point and critical scaling exponents, and the power-law behavior of incipient network's viscoelastic response. These experiments provide valuable insight into the rheology, structure, and kinetics of gelling materials, and are especially powerful for studying the weak incipient networks of dilute gelators, as well as scarce materials, due to the small sample size requirements and rapid data acquisition.
Park, Bum Jun,Furst, Eric M. American Chemical Society 2014 Langmuir Vol.30 No.37
<P>We present the optical trapping forces that are generated when a single laser beam strongly focuses on a coated dielectric microsphere. On the basis of geometrical optics approximation (GOA), in which a particle intercepts all of the rays that make up a single laser beam, we calculate the trapping forces with varying coating thickness and refractive index values. To increase the optical trapping efficiency, the refractive index (<I>n</I><SUB>b</SUB>) of the coating is selected such that <I>n</I><SUB>a</SUB> < <I>n</I><SUB>b</SUB> < <I>n</I><SUB>c</SUB>, where <I>n</I><SUB>a</SUB> and <I>n</I><SUB>c</SUB> are the refractive indices of the medium and the core material, respectively. The thickness of the coating also increases trapping efficiency. Importantly, we find that trapping forces for the coated particles are predominantly determined by two rays: the incident ray and the first refracted ray to the medium.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/langd5/2014/langd5.2014.30.issue-37/la502632h/production/images/medium/la-2014-02632h_0008.gif'></P>
Park, Bum Jun,Lee, Mina,Lee, Bomsock,Furst, Eric M. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 SOFT MATTER Vol.11 No.44
<P>We study the lateral capillary interactions between colloids beneath an oil-water interface that lead to closely packed two-dimensional self-assembled colloidal crystals. These capillary forces are caused by the overlap of deformed interfaces above colloids on a solid substrate. The interface deformation is due to the electrostatic disjoining pressure between the charged particles and the charged oil-water interface. It is notable that the short-range (i.e., on the nanometer scale) and out-of-plane electrostatic double-layer interactions, which occur through an aqueous phase, can generate the long-range lateral capillary attraction (i.e., on the micrometer scale).</P>
Hydrogel microrheology near the liquid-solid transition
Travis Larsen,Kelly Schultz,Eric M. Furst 한국유변학회 2008 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.20 No.3
Multiple particle tracking microrheology is used to characterize the viscoelastic properties of biomaterial and synthetic polymer gels near the liquid-solid transition. Probe particles are dispersed in the gel precursors, and their dynamics are measured as a function of the extent of reaction during gel formation. We interpret the dynamics using the generalized Stokes-Einstein relationship (GSER), using a form of the GSER that emphasizes the relationship between the probe particle mean-squared displacement and the material creep compliance. We show that long-standing concepts in gel bulk rheology are applicable to microrheological data, including time-cure superposition to identify the gel point and critical scaling exponents, and the power-law behavior of incipient network's viscoelastic response. These experiments provide valuable insight into the rheology, structure, and kinetics of gelling materials, and are especially powerful for studying the weak incipient networks of dilute gelators, as well as scarce materials, due to the small sample size requirements and rapid data acquisition.
( Steven S. Storage ),( Harsh Agrawal ),( Daniel E. Furst ) 대한내과학회 2010 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.25 No.1
English articles on abatacept, golimumab, and tocilizumab in rheumatoid arthritis published between 2002 and 2009 were reviewed systematically. All randomized clinical trials, open-label extensions, meta-analyses, and reviews were examined. There were thirteen articles on abatacept, four on golimumab, and seven on tocilizumab. All three drugs were effective in methotrexate-naive, methotrexate-incomplete responders, and tumor-necrosis-factor-failure rheumatoid arthritis patients. Of the three, only abatacept has been tested in a head-to-head trial with infliximab, in which it was found to be equivalent to infliximab. Golimumab resulted in a more modest improvement than the others in methotrexate-naive patients, although no direct comparisons among the three drugs were possible or appropriate. Descriptive analysis of adverse events showed that patients receiving abatacept, golimumab, and tocilizumab were subject to more adverse events than controls overall, as expected. In the abatacept studies, a few cases of tuberculosis, more cardiovascular events and gastrointestinal bleedings and more basal cell carcinoma were seen. Golimumab was associated with more skin rashes and pneumonia, while tocilizumab was associated with increased lipids, more liver-function abnormalities, and neutropenia. These new medications are useful additions to the rheumatologic armamentarium and represent greater convenience (golimumab) or different mechanisms of action (abatacept and tocilizumab) than tumor-necrosis-factor inhibitors for treating rheumatoid arthritis. As expected, some adverse events occur when using these drugs and patients need to be watched carefully. (Korean J Intern Med 2010;25:1-17)