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A Novel Two-way Time Synchronization Protocol for Fusion Application
Yong Pang,Guangming Li,Xiaoming Wu,Fuqiang Wang,Yifan Hu,Qingchao Gong 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.9 No.8
Data fusion application is one of the most popular applications in Wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Time synchronization is an important technology for data fusion applications due to its necessary for data fusion in the networks. Aimed at reliable time synchronization performance, this paper proposes a novel two-way time synchronization protocol (NTSP). Combing node’s clock model and two-way packet exchange mechanism, NTSP makes time synchronization protocol more precise and much steadier. NTSP adopts simulated annealing (SA) algorithm to defend random noise and malicious delay attacks. Network simulations are carried out to analyze performances of NTSP on time synchronization accuracy, convergent rate and defensive degree for malicious delay attacks. Comparing to traditional time synchronization protocols, NTSP is an effective time synchronization protocol in WSNs.
Xin Cheng,Jinpeng Zhu,Zhijie Chen,Zhihao Wu,Fuqiang Zhang,Cai-e Wu,Gong-Jian Fan 한국식품과학회 2023 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.32 No.10
To evaluate the storage stability of anthocyanin in stirred yoghurt, mulberry juice and different starter cultures (S) were added into milk to investigate the color stability and degradation kinetics of anthocyanin. The result showed that the redness value decreased, while the brightness value increased, and the anthocyanin content decreased significantly from 1.47 ~ 1.86 to 1.01 ~ 1.19 mg/g. The degradation kinetics followed a first-order reaction. Principal component analysis showed that S2 and S6 were correlated with anthocyanins, S8 and S4 were correlated with a*. At the later stage, S4, S8 were correlated with a*, while S2, S4, S6 were correlated with anthocyanins. At 28th day, the anthocyanin content of S4 was 1.14 mg/g, which was not the highest, but the total score was the highest. Therefore, S4 was the best choice when the storage period is 28 days. This study provided technical support for the selection of a better starter for stirring yoghurt.
Wind flow characteristics and their loading effects on flat roofs of low-rise buildings
Zhao, Zhongshan,Sarkar, Partha P.,Mehta, Kishor C.,Wu, Fuqiang Techno-Press 2002 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.5 No.1
Wind flow and pressure on the roof of the Texas Tech Experimental Building are studied along with the incident wind in an effort to understand the wind-structure interaction and the mechanisms of roof pressure generation. Two distinct flow phenomena, cornering vortices and separation bubble, are investigated. It is found for the cornering vortices that the incident wind angle that favors formation of strong vortices is bounded in a range of approximately 50 degrees symmetrical about the roof-corner bisector. Peak pressures on the roof corner are produced by wind gusts approaching at wind angles conducive to strong vortex formation. A simple analytical model is established to predict fluctuating pressure coefficients on the leading roof corner from the knowledge of the mean pressure coefficients and the incident wind. For the separation bubble situation, the mean structure of the separation bubble is established. The role of incident wind turbulence in pressure-generation mechanisms for the two flow phenomena is better understood.